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"The Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) of the European Union is a highly exceptional component of the EU legal order. This constitutionalised foreign policy regime, with legal, diplomatic, and political DNA woven throughout its fabric, is a distinct sub-system of law on the outermost sphere of European supranationalism. When contrasted against other Union policies, it is immediately clear that EU foreign policy has a special decision-making mechanism, making it highly exceptional. In the now depillarised framework of the EU treaties, issues of institutional division arise from the legacy of the former pillar system. This is due to the reality that of prime concern in EU external relations is the question of 'who decides?' By engaging a number of legal themes, that cut across foreign affairs exceptionalism, executive prerogatives, parliamentary accountability, judicial review, and the constitutionalisation of European integration, the book lays bare how EU foreign affairs have become highly legalised, leading to ever-greater coherence in how Europe exerts itself on the global stage. In this first monograph dedicated exclusively to the law of the EU's Common Foreign and Security Policy in modern times, the author argues that the legal framework for EU foreign affairs must adapt in a changing world so as to ensure the EU treaties can cater for a more assertive Europe in the wider world"--

Constitutional law --- European Union countries --- Foreign relations --- Law and legislation --- Law and legislation. --- common foreign and security policy --- EU Member State --- European External Action Service --- constitutional law --- European Parliament --- Court of justice --- UE/CE PESC= Politique étrangère et de sécurité commune --- UE/CE Droit --- EU law --- Droit constitutionnel --- UE/CE Relations extérieures --- EU relations --- UE/CE Compétences institutionnelles --- powers of the institutions (EU) --- UE/CE Parlement --- UE/CE Cour de justice --- Court of Justice (EU) --- Foreign relations. --- National security --- Sécurité nationale --- Pays de l'Union européenne --- Relations extérieures --- Droit --- EU countries --- Euroland --- Europe --- Defenses. --- Military policy. --- Relations internationales --- Droit. --- Constitutional law - European Union countries --- European Union countries - Foreign relations - Law and legislation

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Tax law --- European Union --- Jurisprudence --- Droit --- Jurisprudence. --- Union européenne. --- E-books --- Value-added tax --- Law and legislation --- European Union countries --- Law and legislation. --- European Economic Community countries. --- European Union countries. --- rechtspraak --- btw --- Hof van Justitie (EU) --- taxxa fuq il-valur miżjud --- ДДВ --- MwSt. --- PVM --- ALV --- DPH --- moms --- ДДС --- PDV --- hozzáadottérték-adó --- käibemaks --- VAT --- Cáin Bhreisluacha --- daň z přidané hodnoty --- TVSH --- TVA --- DDV --- ПДВ --- IVA --- ΦΠΑ --- PVN --- Umsatzsteuer --- impuesto sobre el volumen de negocios --- daň z pridanej hodnoty --- pievienotās vērtības nodoklis --- belasting op de toegevoegde waarde --- alv. --- tatim mbi vlerën e shtuar --- omsætningsafgift --- omzetbelasting --- imposto sobre o valor acrescentado --- apyvartos mokestis --- taxă pe valoarea adăugată --- данък върху добавената стойност --- turnover tax --- héa --- taxe sur le chiffre d'affaires --- apgrozījuma nodoklis --- obratová daň --- Φόρος Κύκλου Εργασιών --- tatim mbi xhiron --- kumuleeruv käibemaks --- Mehrwertsteuer --- lisandväärtusmaks --- liikevaihtovero --- данок на додадена вредност --- davek na dodano vrednost --- daň z obratu --- porez na dodanu vrijednost --- mervärdesskatt --- merværdiafgift --- taxe sur la valeur ajoutée --- pridėtinės vertės mokestis --- порез на додату вредност --- imposta sulla cifra d'affari --- arvonlisävero --- value added tax --- áfa --- általános forgalmi adó --- impuesto sobre el valor añadido --- impuesto sobre el tráfico de empresas --- CBL --- φόρος προστιθέμενης αξίας --- imposta sul valore aggiunto --- omsättningsskatt --- podatek od wartości dodanej --- vrchní soud --- tiesas --- teismo institucijos --- sodišča --- судови и трибунали --- courts and tribunals --- δικαστήριο --- domstol --- curți și tribunale --- gjykata --- qrati u tribunali --- правосуђе --- juridiction --- tuomioistuin --- bíráskodás --- jurisdição --- sądownictwo --- jurisdiktion --- sudovi --- Gerichtsbarkeit --- kohus --- giurisdizione --- jurisdicción --- súdy a tribunály --- юрисдикция --- sistema giurisdizionale --- retskreds --- ítélőtábla --- δικαιοδοτικό σύστημα --- трибунали со ограничена надлежност --- систем на судови --- ад хок трибунали --- kohtusüsteem --- bíróság --- постојани трибунали --- système juridictionnel --- sistema jurisdiccional --- меѓународни трибунали --- domsmyndighed --- soustava soudů --- bírósági rendszer --- Gerichtssystem --- Cour de justice (UE) --- Суд на правдата (ЕУ) --- Sodišče (EU) --- Tribunal de Justiça (UE) --- Corte di giustizia (UE) --- Tribunal de Justicia (UE) --- Súdny dvor (EÚ) --- domstolen (EU) --- Court of Justice (EU) --- Trybunał Sprawiedliwości (UE) --- Euroopa Kohus (EL) --- Δικαστήριο (ΕΕ) --- Domstolen (EU) --- An Chúirt Bhreithiúnais --- Curtea de Justiție (UE) --- il-Qorti tal-Ġustizzja (UE) --- Tiesa (ES) --- unionin tuomioistuin --- Soudní dvůr (EU) --- Суд правде ЕУ --- Europski sud --- Gerichtshof (EU) --- Съд (ЕС) --- Gjykata e Drejtësisë (BE) --- Teisingumo Teismas (ES) --- Bíróság (EU) --- ЕСП --- Teisingumo Teismas (instancija) --- Δικαστήριο (δικαστήριο) --- Съд (инстанция) --- il-Qorti tal-Ġustizzja (istanza) --- Tribunal de Justicia (instancia) --- Súdny dvor (súdny orgán) --- Europski sud (instanca) --- Curtea de Justiţie (instanţă) --- Tribunal de Justiça (instância) --- Domstolen (instans) --- Cour de justice (instance) --- Hof van Justitie (instantie) --- Corte di giustizia (istanza) --- Euroopa Kohus (kohtuinstants) --- Soudní dvůr (soudní instance) --- domstolen (instans) --- Gerichtshof (Instanz) --- An Chúirt Bhreithiúnais (céadchéim) --- unionin tuomioistuin (tuomioistuin) --- Trybunał Sprawiedliwości (instancja) --- Court of Justice (instance) --- Tiesa (instance) --- Европски суд на правдата --- An Chúirt Bhreithiúnais (AE) --- cúirteanna agus binsí --- Union européenne

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Considering the ever increasing importance of indirect taxation as a source of revenue for governments, the intensifying complexity of the legal framework, and the proliferating number of countries adopting indirect taxation, it is essential to scrutinize how the law is actually applied in practice. The primary driving force in this area is, undoubtedly, the Court of Justice of the European Union.This book analyses selected topics (e.g. fundamental principles and VAT, administrative cooperation in VAT, taxable base and rates, exemptions, and deductions) by examining the most prominent and recent judgments of the Court of Justice of the European Union. Experts from all over the world, not just from academia but also government representatives and tax practitioners, have provided their input and helped us compile what is an informative and worthy read for anyone dealing with indirect taxation on a professional basis.

btw --- tva --- VAT --- tax system --- indirect tax --- tax exemption --- Court of Justice (EU) --- Cour de justice (UE) --- Суд на правдата (ЕУ) --- Sodišče (EU) --- Tribunal de Justiça (UE) --- Corte di giustizia (UE) --- Tribunal de Justicia (UE) --- Súdny dvor (EÚ) --- domstolen (EU) --- Trybunał Sprawiedliwości (UE) --- Euroopa Kohus (EL) --- Δικαστήριο (ΕΕ) --- Domstolen (EU) --- An Chúirt Bhreithiúnais --- Curtea de Justiție (UE) --- il-Qorti tal-Ġustizzja (UE) --- Tiesa (ES) --- unionin tuomioistuin --- Hof van Justitie (EU) --- Soudní dvůr (EU) --- Суд правде ЕУ --- Europski sud --- Gerichtshof (EU) --- Съд (ЕС) --- Gjykata e Drejtësisë (BE) --- Teisingumo Teismas (ES) --- Bíróság (EU) --- ЕСП --- Teisingumo Teismas (instancija) --- Δικαστήριο (δικαστήριο) --- Съд (инстанция) --- il-Qorti tal-Ġustizzja (istanza) --- Tribunal de Justicia (instancia) --- Súdny dvor (súdny orgán) --- Europski sud (instanca) --- Curtea de Justiţie (instanţă) --- Tribunal de Justiça (instância) --- Domstolen (instans) --- Cour de justice (instance) --- Hof van Justitie (instantie) --- Corte di giustizia (istanza) --- Euroopa Kohus (kohtuinstants) --- Soudní dvůr (soudní instance) --- domstolen (instans) --- Gerichtshof (Instanz) --- An Chúirt Bhreithiúnais (céadchéim) --- unionin tuomioistuin (tuomioistuin) --- Trybunał Sprawiedliwości (instancja) --- Court of Justice (instance) --- Tiesa (instance) --- Европски суд на правдата --- përjashtim tatimor --- esenzione fiscale --- oslobodenie od dane --- verovapaus --- освобождаване от данък --- φορολογική απαλλαγή --- exonération fiscale --- osvobození od daní --- adómentesség --- davčna oprostitev --- scutire de taxe --- díolúine ó cháin --- isenção fiscal --- belastingontheffing --- Steuerbefreiung --- eżenzjoni mit-taxxa --- ослободување од данок --- atleidimas nuo mokesčio --- skattefritagelse --- ослобођење од пореза --- maksuvabastus --- oslobođenje od poreza --- skattebefrielse --- zwolnienie od podatku --- exención fiscal --- atbrīvojums no nodokļa --- esonero fiscale --- exonération d'impôt --- exención impositiva --- exemption fiscale --- mokesčio netaikymas --- exención de impuestos --- exoneración de impuestos --- exoneración fiscal --- neapmokestinimas --- exención tributaria --- atleidimas nuo mokesčių --- ослободување од даночни обврски --- indirecte belasting --- taxxa indiretta --- impozit indirect --- podatek pośredni --- косвен данък --- индиректни даноци --- impôt indirect --- posredni davek --- kaudne maks --- tatim i tërthortë --- impuesto indirecto --- posredni porez --- netiesioginis mokestis --- nepriama daň --- посредни порез --- netiešais nodoklis --- imposta indiretta --- välillinen vero --- nepřímá daň --- indirekte Steuer --- indirekte skat --- έμμεσος φόρος --- imposto indireto --- indirekt skatt --- közvetett adó --- посредни даноци --- neizravni porez --- imposto indirecto --- davčni sistem --- fiscalidade --- skattesystem --- adórendszer --- porezni sustav --- φορολογία --- skatteforhold --- verojärjestelmä --- nodokļu sistēma --- данъчна система --- maksusüsteem --- sistem tatimor --- cáinchóras --- fiscalidad --- fiscalità --- fiscalitate --- system podatkowy --- порески систем --- fiscalité --- Steuerwesen --- fiscaliteit --- daňový systém --- даночен систем --- daňová sústava --- mokesčių sistema --- sistema ta' tassazzjoni --- regime fiscale --- verotus --- maksustamine --- beskattning --- taxatie --- onere fiscale --- tassazione --- skatteuttag --- фискален режим --- фискална давачка --- Steuerlast --- système fiscal --- taxation --- tassazzjoni --- dichiarazione fiscale --- tributação --- фискален систем --- adóztatás --- regime fiscal --- régimen fiscal --- régimen tributario --- φορολόγηση --- imposizione --- adószabályozás --- apmokestinimas --- φορολογικά βάρη --- sistema tributario --- фискален третман --- daňová soustava --- Besteuerung --- imposición --- adóteher --- tributación --- belastingheffing --- Steuerbelastung --- trattamento fiscale --- charge fiscale --- zdanění --- fiscaal systeem --- oporezivanje --- imposition --- fiscale last --- skattetryck --- fiscaal regime --- prelievo fiscale --- skattebörda --- Steuerregelung --- pressione fiscale --- skattebyrde --- skattebehandling --- cánachas --- steuerliche Behandlung --- sistema fiscal --- fiskální soustava --- régime fiscal --- drenaggio fiscale --- taxering --- imposição fiscal --- sistema fiscale --- φορολογικό σύστημα --- skatter og afgifter --- carga fiscal --- skatteordning --- beskatning --- BTW --- taxxa fuq il-valur miżjud --- ДДВ --- MwSt. --- PVM --- ALV --- DPH --- moms --- ДДС --- PDV --- hozzáadottérték-adó --- käibemaks --- Cáin Bhreisluacha --- daň z přidané hodnoty --- TVSH --- TVA --- DDV --- ПДВ --- IVA --- ΦΠΑ --- PVN --- Umsatzsteuer --- impuesto sobre el volumen de negocios --- daň z pridanej hodnoty --- pievienotās vērtības nodoklis --- belasting op de toegevoegde waarde --- alv. --- tatim mbi vlerën e shtuar --- omsætningsafgift --- omzetbelasting --- imposto sobre o valor acrescentado --- apyvartos mokestis --- taxă pe valoarea adăugată --- данък върху добавената стойност --- turnover tax --- héa --- taxe sur le chiffre d'affaires --- apgrozījuma nodoklis --- obratová daň --- Φόρος Κύκλου Εργασιών --- tatim mbi xhiron --- kumuleeruv käibemaks --- Mehrwertsteuer --- lisandväärtusmaks --- liikevaihtovero --- данок на додадена вредност --- davek na dodano vrednost --- daň z obratu --- porez na dodanu vrijednost --- mervärdesskatt --- merværdiafgift --- taxe sur la valeur ajoutée --- pridėtinės vertės mokestis --- порез на додату вредност --- imposta sulla cifra d'affari --- arvonlisävero --- value added tax --- áfa --- általános forgalmi adó --- impuesto sobre el valor añadido --- impuesto sobre el tráfico de empresas --- CBL --- φόρος προστιθέμενης αξίας --- imposta sul valore aggiunto --- omsättningsskatt --- podatek od wartości dodanej --- An Chúirt Bhreithiúnais (AE) --- Value-added tax --- Law and legislation --- Court of Justice of the European Union. --- cáin indíreach

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The book focuses on the collaboration between the Court of Justice of the EU and the national judges for the protection of the rights that individuals derive from EU law. It deals with the question of access to justice for individuals in the EU.

European law --- European Union --- Droits de l'homme --- Assurance de protection juridique --- Accès à la justice --- Jurisprudence --- Procès équitable --- Fair trial --- Human rights --- Union européenne --- BPB9999 --- BPB2011 --- Europe --- Court of Justice (EU) --- Cour de justice (UE) --- Суд на правдата (ЕУ) --- Sodišče (EU) --- Tribunal de Justiça (UE) --- Corte di giustizia (UE) --- Tribunal de Justicia (UE) --- Súdny dvor (EÚ) --- domstolen (EU) --- Trybunał Sprawiedliwości (UE) --- Euroopa Kohus (EL) --- Δικαστήριο (ΕΕ) --- Domstolen (EU) --- An Chúirt Bhreithiúnais --- Curtea de Justiție (UE) --- il-Qorti tal-Ġustizzja (UE) --- Tiesa (ES) --- unionin tuomioistuin --- Hof van Justitie (EU) --- Soudní dvůr (EU) --- Суд правде ЕУ --- Europski sud --- Gerichtshof (EU) --- Съд (ЕС) --- Gjykata e Drejtësisë (BE) --- Teisingumo Teismas (ES) --- Bíróság (EU) --- ЕСП --- Teisingumo Teismas (instancija) --- Δικαστήριο (δικαστήριο) --- Съд (инстанция) --- il-Qorti tal-Ġustizzja (istanza) --- Tribunal de Justicia (instancia) --- Súdny dvor (súdny orgán) --- Europski sud (instanca) --- Curtea de Justiţie (instanţă) --- Tribunal de Justiça (instância) --- Domstolen (instans) --- Cour de justice (instance) --- Hof van Justitie (instantie) --- Corte di giustizia (istanza) --- Euroopa Kohus (kohtuinstants) --- Soudní dvůr (soudní instance) --- domstolen (instans) --- Gerichtshof (Instanz) --- An Chúirt Bhreithiúnais (céadchéim) --- unionin tuomioistuin (tuomioistuin) --- Trybunał Sprawiedliwości (instancja) --- Court of Justice (instance) --- Tiesa (instance) --- Европски суд на правдата --- Eiropa --- Ευρώπη --- Ewropa --- Europa --- Euroopa --- Eurooppa --- Европа --- Európa --- hEorpa --- Evropa --- țări europene --- Europese landen --- země Evropy --- Euroopa riigid --- evropské státy --- países europeus --- evropské země --- европски земји --- European countries --- europæiske lande --- ευρωπαϊκές χώρες --- país europeo --- Euroopan maat --- paesi europei --- nazioni europee --- európske krajiny --- país de Europa --- európai országok --- Europos šalys --- pays européens --- státy Evropy --- Europese staten --- vende europiane --- europäische Länder --- europeiska länder --- droit de l'individu --- STRADALEX --- judicial cooperation --- retsligt samarbejde --- Zusammenarbeit der Justizbehörden --- oikeudellinen yhteistyö --- współpraca sądowa --- súdna spolupráca --- kohtualane koostöö --- δικαστική συνεργασία --- coopération judiciaire --- tiesu iestāžu sadarbība --- cooperazione giudiziaria --- kooperazzjoni ġudizzjarja --- cooperação judiciária --- cooperare judiciară --- samarbete mellan rättsinstanser --- igazságügyi együttműködés --- justitiële samenwerking --- сарадња правосудних органа --- юридическо сътрудничество --- teisminis bendradarbiavimas --- cooperación judicial --- bashkëpunim gjyqësor --- pravosudna suradnja --- судска соработка --- pravosodno sodelovanje --- soudní spolupráce --- entraide judiciaire --- ömsesidig hjälp i juridiska ärenden --- savstarpēja palīdzība tieslietu jomā --- teismo institucijų bendradarbiavimas --- mutua assistenza giudiziaria --- tiesu iestāžu sadarbība krimināllietās --- soudní výpomoc --- vastavuoroinen avunanto oikeudellisissa asioissa --- gerechtelijke samenwerking --- vzájemná pomoc v právních záležitostech --- asistencia judicial mutua --- ndihmë e ndërsjellë në çështje ligjore --- vastastikune abistamine õigusasjades --- auxílio mútuo judiciário --- kölcsönös jogsegély --- mutual assistance in legal matters --- justitiële onderlinge hulp --- заемна правна помош --- savstarpēja palīdzība krimināllietās --- předávání vězňů --- zwischenstaatliche Rechtshilfe --- suradnja u pravnim pitanjima --- judicielt samarbejde --- δικαστική αλληλοβοήθεια --- tiesu iestāžu sadarbība civillietās --- vzájomná pomoc v právnych náležitostiach --- savstarpēja palīdzība civillietās --- asistență mutuală în probleme juridice --- Recht des Einzelnen --- rights of the individual --- üksikisiku õigused --- лична права --- egyének jogai --- yksilön oikeudet --- individets rettigheder --- drittijiet tal-individwu --- direitos do indivíduo --- të drejtat e individit --- práva jednotlivca --- ατομικά δικαιώματα --- diritto dell'individuo --- asmens teisės --- personas tiesības --- individens rättigheter --- индивидуални права --- prawa jednostki --- drepturile individului --- derecho del individuo --- права на индивида --- prava pojedinca --- práva jednotlivce --- rechten van het individu --- pravice posameznika --- права на индивидуата --- personenrecht --- naudojimasis politinėmis teisėmis --- Freiheit der Person --- individuell frihet --- perusvapaudet --- põhivabadused --- využívanie politických práv --- alapvető szabadságjogok --- kodaniku õigused --- osobná sloboda --- rechten van de burger --- direitos fundamentais --- liberdade individual --- alapvető szabadságok --- fundamentele vrijheid --- ατομικές ελευθερίες --- isiku õigused --- liri personale --- openbare vrijheden --- pilntiesīgs pilsonis --- direito dos cidadãos --- temeljne slobode --- libertà pubbliche --- diritti del cittadino --- asmens laisvė --- libertades fundamentales --- politisko tiesību esamība --- bescherming van de burger --- уживање политички права --- základní svobody --- protezione del cittadino --- základné práva --- derechos fundamentales --- derechos constitucionales --- diritti della persona --- pilsoņu tiesības --- persönliche Freiheit --- temeljna prava --- Persönlichkeitsrecht --- pamatintereses --- diritto della personalità --- pagrindinė laisvė --- θεμελιώδεις ελευθερίες --- prava građana --- personlig frihed --- liberdades essenciais --- основни права и слободи --- të drejta themelore --- drepturi fundamentale --- liberdade fundamental --- forfatningsmæssig frihedsrettighed --- põhiõigused --- derecho de la personalidad --- yksilön vapaus --- gëzimi i të drejtave politike --- libertad individual --- fundamental rights --- polgári szabadságjogok --- poliitiliste õiguste omamine --- fri- och rättigheter --- лични права --- személyes szabadságjogok --- θεμελιώδη δικαιώματα --- лични права и слободи --- fundamental freedom --- perusoikeudet --- personal freedom --- droit de la personnalité --- liri themelore --- persoonlijke vrijheid --- personligt retsværn --- Grundrechte --- liberté fondamentale --- práva občanov --- pamattiesības --- libertà individuale --- βασικές ελευθερίες --- liberté individuelle --- Grundfreiheiten --- diritti fondamentali --- права на поединците --- personlig frihet --- pagrindinės teisės --- grundläggande friheter --- citizens' rights --- základní práva --- isiku vabadus --- pamatbrīvības --- základné slobody --- poliittisten oikeuksien nautinta --- grundläggande rättigheter --- liberté publique --- piliečių teisės --- práva osobnosti --- enjoyment of political rights --- droits fondamentaux --- libertà fondamentali --- liberdades públicas --- të drejtaë e shtetasve --- indivīda tiesības --- alapvető jogok --- E-books --- An Chúirt Bhreithiúnais (AE) --- comhar breithiúnach --- cearta an duine aonair --- An Eoraip --- Law --- transporte transnacional --- transport transgraniczny --- přeshraniční doprava --- drittijiet fundamentali --- piiriülene transport --- transport över gränserna --- grensoverschrijdend vervoer --- транспорт през граници --- grænseoverskridende transport --- temeljne pravice --- rajatylittävä liikenne --- grondrechten --- transport transfrontalier --- határokon átívelő szállítás --- trasporto transfrontaliero --- cearta bunúsacha --- trasport transfruntier --- основни права --- transporte transfronterizo --- iompar trasteorann --- tarpvalstybinis vežimas --- pārrobežu transports --- cezhraničná doprava --- διασυνοριακές μεταφορές --- grundlæggende rettigheder --- prawa podstawowe --- čezmejni prevoz --- prekogranični prijevoz --- grenzüberschreitender Verkehr --- grenzüberschreitender Transport

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How should judges of the European Court of Justice be selected, who should participate in the Court's proceedings and how should judgments be drafted? These questions have remained blind spots in the normative literature on the Court. This book aims to address them. It describes a vast, yet incomplete transformation: Originally, the Court was based on a classic international law model of court organisation and decision-making. Gradually, the concern for the effectiveness of EU law led to the reinvention of its procedural and organisational design. The role of the judge was reconceived as that of a neutral expert, an inner circle of participants emerged and the Court became more hierarchical. While these developments have enabled the Court to make EU law uniquely effective, they have also created problems from a democratic perspective. The book argues that it is time to democratise the Court and shows ways to do this.

Courts of last resort --- Court of Justice of the European Communities. --- Courts, Supreme --- Last resort, Courts of --- Supreme courts --- Appellate procedure --- Courts --- Appellate courts --- Constitutional courts --- Cour de justice des communautés européennes --- Gerichtshof der Europäischen Gemeinschaften --- Corte di giustizia delle comunità europee --- Dikastērion tēs Europaikēs Oikonomikēs Koinotētos --- Hof van Justitie van de Europese Gemeenschappen --- Tribunal de Justicia de las Comunidades Europeas --- GHEG --- European Atomic Energy Community. --- European Economic Community. --- European Court of Justice --- Europäischer Gerichtshof --- Curtea de Justiție a Comunităților Europene --- Ōshū Shihō Saibansho --- G.H.E.G. --- Tribunal de Justiça das Comunidades Europeias --- Sud evropeĭskikh soobshchestv --- Avrupa Toplulukları Adalet Divanı --- Tribunal de Justiça das Comunidades --- Curia Communitatum Europaearum --- Eurōpaiko Dikastērio --- Dikastērio Eurōpaikōn Koinotētōn --- DEK --- EuGH --- ECJ --- D.E.K. --- Europejski Trybunał Sprawiedliwości --- ETS --- Dikastērio tōn Eurōpaikōn Koinotētōn --- CEJ --- European Union. --- Európai Bíróság --- European Coal and Steel Community. --- Court of Justice of the European Union --- Court of Justice (EU) --- EU law. --- decision-making. --- member of the Court of Justice (EU) --- judge. --- judecător pentru minori --- undersøgelsesdommer --- судија на Врховен суд --- Untersuchungsrichter --- sbor soudců --- zittende magistratuur --- судија на Основен суд --- soudce kompetentní ve věcech dětí a mladistvých --- trup gjykues --- juge pour enfants --- tardytojas --- juiz de instrução --- giudice minorile --- rechter-commissaris --- juez de primera instancia --- δικαστής ανηλίκων --- tiesnesis referents --- Richteramt --- ettekandekohtunik --- magjistër për të mitur --- Richterschaft --- kinderrechter --- juiz de intervenção --- судија на Управен суд --- Jugendrichter --- domarkåren --- undersökningsdomare --- судија на Апелациски суд --- giudice istruttore --- dommerstand --- goda tiesnesis --- zbor sudcov --- magistrature assise --- magisztrátus --- soudní čekatel --- judicatura --- vyšetřující soudce --- juez de instrucción --- nepilnamečių bylų teismo teisėjas --- Richterstand --- judecător de instrucție --- juge d'instruction --- истражен судија --- the bench --- juez de distrito --- indipendenza del giudice --- ανακριτής --- Ermittlungsrichter --- juez de menores --- teisėjai --- examining magistrate --- magjistër hetues --- lapsia koskevia oikeudellisia asioita käsittelevä tuomari --- tuomarikunta --- children's magistrate --- kohtunikkond --- vyšetrujúci sudca --- magistratura giudicante --- sudca pre deti a mladistvých --- судија на Уставен суд --- istražni sudac --- judecător de primă instanță --- onderzoeksrechter --- rannsakningsdomare --- tutkintatuomari --- bírói testület --- gjyqtar --- sudca --- giudice --- Richter --- rechter --- kohtunik --- съдия --- судија --- breitheamh --- judecător --- bíró --- δικαστής --- juge --- juez --- imħallef --- dommer --- sędzia --- soudce --- juiz --- tuomari --- sudac --- tiesnesis --- sodnik --- teisėjas --- domare --- Euroopa Liidu liige --- generaladvokat (EU-Domstolen) --- општ застапник (СПЕУ) --- sudac Europskoga suda --- abogado general (TJUE) --- avocat general (CJUE) --- Euroopan unionin tuomari --- μέλος του Δικαστηρίου ΕΚ --- miembro del Tribunal de Justicia (CE) --- vedoucí soudní kanceláře (SD) --- Advocate-General (CJUE) --- domare (EU-domstolen) --- član Suda EU-a --- Avukat Ġenerali (QĠUE) --- Generálny advokát (SD) --- Judge (CJUE) --- generalni pravobranilec (SEU) --- kohtunik (EL) --- avvocato generale (CGUE) --- nezavisni odvjetnik Europskoga suda --- kohtujurist (EL) --- juge (CJUE) --- medlem af Domstolen --- secretário (TJUE) --- secretario del Tribunal de Justicia (TJUE) --- judecător (CJUE) --- члан Суда ЕЗ --- sedzia (UE) --- sudca Súdneho dvora (ES) --- EB Teisingumo Teismo narys --- Imħallef (QĠUE) --- Kanzler (EuGH) --- sodnik (SEU) --- sudca (SD) --- Mitglied des EG-Gerichtshofs --- EU-dommer --- juez (TJUE) --- судија (СПЕУ) --- soudce (SD) --- Euroopan unionin julkisasiamies --- membre Cour de justice CE --- juiz (TJUE) --- ledamot av EG-domstolen --- Reġistratur (QĠUE) --- membru al Curții de Justiție a Comunității Europene --- член на СПЕУ --- protokollsförare i EU-domstolen --- az Európai Közösségek Bíróságának tagja --- generální advokát (SD) --- greffier (CJUE) --- membro do Tribunal de Justiça (TJCE) --- EU-bíró --- membro della Corte di giustizia (CE) --- kohtusekretär (EL) --- escrivão (TJUE) --- avocat général (CJUE) --- Richter (EuGH) --- ES generalinis advokatas --- justitssekretær (EU-Domstolen) --- EY:n tuomioistuimen jäsen --- Generalanwalt (EuGH) --- generaladvokat (EU-domstolen) --- członek Europejskiego Trybunału Sprawiedliwości --- giudice (CGUE) --- advogado-geral (TJUE) --- EU-griffier --- δικαστής (ΔΕΕ) --- EU-főtanácsnok --- съдия (EC) --- justitiesekreterare (EU-domstolen) --- a Bíróság tagja --- член на Судот на правдата на Европската Унија --- γραμματέας (ΔΕΕ) --- ES Tiesas loceklis --- ES ģenerāladvokāts --- sodni tajnik (SEU) --- ES teisėjas --- cancelliere (CGUE) --- регистар (СПЕУ) --- súdny zapisovateľ (SD) --- EU-hivatalvezető --- Mitglied des Gerichtshofs EG --- rzecznik generalny (UE) --- grefier (CJUE) --- member of the EC Court of Justice --- ES registratorius --- ES tiesnesis --- съдия от Съда на ЕО --- tiesas sekretārs --- soudci Soudního dvora ES --- sekretarz (UE) --- генерален адвокат (EC) --- ES Sekretorius --- EU-rechter --- član Sodišča (ES) --- Registrar (CJEU) --- EU-advocaat-generaal --- секретар (EC) --- dommer (EU-Domstolen) --- tajomník (SD) --- lid van het Hof van Justitie --- Euroopan unionin kirjaaja --- član Suda EZ-a --- γενικός εισαγγελέας (ΔΕΕ) --- membru tal-Qorti tal-Ġustizzja (UE) --- Tiesas loceklis (ES) --- sudca Súdneho dvora (EÚ) --- član Sodišča (EU) --- член на Съда (ЕС) --- Teisingumo Teismo narys (ES) --- membre de la Cour de justice (UE) --- član Europskoga suda --- члан Суда ЕУ --- lid van het Hof van Justitie (EU) --- soudce Soudního dvora (EU) --- comhalta den Chúirt Bhreithiúnais (AE) --- członek Trybunału Sprawiedliwości (UE) --- Euroopan unionin tuomioistuimen jäsen --- membru al Curții de Justiție (UE) --- membro della Corte di giustizia (UE) --- a Bíróság tagja (EU) --- membro do Tribunal de Justiça (UE) --- miembro del Tribunal de Justicia (UE) --- anëtar i Gjykatës së Drejtësisë (BE) --- член на Судот на правдата (ЕУ) --- Mitglied des Gerichtshofs (EU) --- ledamot av EU-domstolen --- μέλος του Δικαστηρίου (ΕE) --- medlem af Domstolen (EU) --- Euroopa Kohtu liige (EL) --- beslutningsproces --- estrutura funcional --- beslutsprocess --- processus décisionnel --- döntéshozatali folyamat --- Beschlußfassung --- päätöksentekoprosessi --- decision-making process --- διαδικασία λήψης αποφάσεων --- beslutsförlopp --- proces i vendimmarrjes --- proceso decisorio --- határozathozatali eljárás --- processus de décision --- otsustamisprotsess --- besluitvormingsproces --- procedura di decisione --- processo decisorio --- beslutsprocedur --- lēmuma pieņemšanas process --- rozhodovací proces --- besluitvormingsprocedure --- proceso de toma de decisiones --- процес на одлучување --- procédure de décision --- proces de luare a deciziilor --- presa di decisioni --- proces odlučivanja --- Beschlussfassung --- processo di decisione --- beslutningsprocedure --- Beschlussverfahren --- proceso de decisión --- одлучување --- processo de decisão --- döntéshozatal --- Entscheidungsfindung --- odlučivanje --- podejmowanie decyzji --- Entscheidungsprozess --- besluitvorming --- доношење одлуке --- prise de décision --- донесување одлуки --- toma de decisiones --- взимане на решение --- határozathozatal --- teħid ta’ deċiżjonijiet --- vendim-marrje --- odločanje --- päätöksenteko --- otsuste tegemine --- beslutsfattande --- rozhodovanie --- processo decisionale --- tomada de decisão --- donošenje odluke --- beslutningstagning --- lēmuma pieņemšana --- sprendimų priėmimas --- cinnteoireacht --- λήψη απόφασης --- luarea deciziilor --- rozhodování --- pravo Europske unije --- právo Spoločenstva --- normativa comunitaria --- drept comunitar --- diritto europeo --- e drejtë e Bashkimit Europian --- droit de l'Union européenne --- право на Европската заедница --- κοινοτικό δίκαιο --- droit européen --- evropské právo --- réglementation communautaire --- EG-förordningar --- pravo Evropske unije --- direito da União Europeia --- Europos Sąjungos teisė --- uniós jogszabályok --- Euroopa Liidu õigus --- Kopienas noteikumi --- europeisk rätt --- communautaire wetgeving --- Community law --- drept european --- Eurooppa-oikeus --- δίκαιο της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης --- nariadenia Spoločenstva --- legislația Uniunii Europene --- právo Evropské unie --- reglementări comunitare --- Euroopa Ühenduse õigus --- regulamentação comunitária --- prawo Unii Europejskiej --- közösségi jogszabályok --- Community regulations --- fællesskabsbestemmelser --- ευρωπαϊκό Δίκαιο --- právo ES --- European Union law --- Derecho comunitario --- európai uniós jogszabályok --- liġi tal-Unjoni Ewropea --- communautair recht --- yhteisön asetukset --- közösségi rendeletek --- gemenskapsrätt --- az Európai Unió joga --- Derecho europeo --- регулативи на Заедницата --- europsko pravo --- droit communautaire --- direito comunitário --- európai jog --- diritto comunitario --- legislazione comunitaria --- право на ЕЗ --- recht van de Europese Unie --- fællesskabsregler --- Europäisches Recht --- Recht der Europäischen Union --- Bendrijos teisė --- közösségi jog --- EU-jog --- Eiropas Savienības tiesības --- právo Unie --- Derecho de la Unión Europea --- Euroopan unionin oikeus --- право Заједнице --- Gesetzgebung der Gemeinschaft --- EF-ret --- pravo Zajednice --- prawo wspólnotowe --- yhteisön oikeus --- fællesskabsret --- norme comunitarie --- право на Европските заедници --- EG-rätt --- Europees recht --- communautaire voorschriften --- direito europeu --- европско право --- právo Európskej únie --- Право на Общността --- disposizioni comunitarie --- κοινοτική νομοθεσία --- reglamentación comunitaria --- Gemeinschaftsrecht --- право на Европейския съюз --- komunitární právo --- az EU joga --- Kopienas tiesības --- Bendrijos reglamentai --- regolamentazione comunitaria --- európske právo --- communautaire rechtsorde --- legislativa EU --- European law --- право на Европската Унија --- pravo Skupnosti --- Euroopa õigus --- EU:n oikeus --- ühenduse õigus --- diritto dell'Unione europea --- право Уније --- EG-recht --- pravni propisi Europske unije --- Europos teisė --- pravo EU-a --- ES tiesības --- право ЕУ --- pravo EU --- prawo unijne --- EU-ret --- δίκαιο της ΕΕ --- právo EU --- dlí an Aontais Eorpaigh --- diritto dell'UE --- e drejta e BE-së --- uniós jog --- Derecho de la UE --- unionin oikeus --- droit de l'UE --- EU-Recht --- EU-recht --- ES teisė --- právo EÚ --- legislația UE --- direito da UE --- право на ЕУ --- EU-rätt --- ELi õigus --- liġi tal-UE --- право на ЕС --- ЕСП --- Teisingumo Teismas (instancija) --- Δικαστήριο (δικαστήριο) --- Съд (инстанция) --- il-Qorti tal-Ġustizzja (istanza) --- An Chúirt Bhreithiúnais --- Tribunal de Justicia (instancia) --- Súdny dvor (súdny orgán) --- Europski sud (instanca) --- Curtea de Justiţie (instanţă) --- Tribunal de Justiça (instância) --- Domstolen (instans) --- Cour de justice (instance) --- Hof van Justitie (instantie) --- Corte di giustizia (istanza) --- Euroopa Kohus (kohtuinstants) --- Soudní dvůr (soudní instance) --- domstolen (instans) --- Gerichtshof (Instanz) --- An Chúirt Bhreithiúnais (céadchéim) --- unionin tuomioistuin (tuomioistuin) --- Trybunał Sprawiedliwości (instancja) --- Court of Justice (instance) --- Tiesa (instance) --- Европски суд на правдата --- Cour de justice (UE) --- Суд на правдата (ЕУ) --- Sodišče (EU) --- An Chúirt Bhreithiúnais (AE) --- Tribunal de Justiça (UE) --- Corte di giustizia (UE) --- Tribunal de Justicia (UE) --- Súdny dvor (EÚ) --- domstolen (EU) --- Trybunał Sprawiedliwości (UE) --- Euroopa Kohus (EL) --- Δικαστήριο (ΕΕ) --- Domstolen (EU) --- Curtea de Justiție (UE) --- il-Qorti tal-Ġustizzja (UE) --- Tiesa (ES) --- unionin tuomioistuin --- Hof van Justitie (EU) --- Soudní dvůr (EU) --- Суд правде ЕУ --- Europski sud --- Gerichtshof (EU) --- Съд (ЕС) --- Gjykata e Drejtësisë (BE) --- Teisingumo Teismas (ES) --- Bíróság (EU) --- Court of Justice of the European Union. --- democracy. --- δημοκρατία --- demokrácia --- demokrātija --- democracia --- demokraatia --- democrazia --- demokracija --- démocratie --- demokratija --- daonlathas --- democrație --- demokratia --- demokracie --- demokracja --- demokrati --- demokraci --- demokracia --- democratie --- Demokratie --- demokrazija --- демокрация --- демократија --- politický pluralizmus --- pluralizm polityczny --- πολιτικός πλουραλισμός --- folkstyre --- folkestyre --- politischer Pluralismus --- politiskais plurālisms --- demokrātiska vienlīdzība --- politikai pluralizmus --- égalité démocratique --- politický pluralismus --- ugwaljanza demokratika --- pluraliżmu politiku --- barazi demokratike --- pluralismo político --- politinis pliuralizmas --- politisk jämlikhet --- демократична равнопоставеност --- igualdad democrática --- democratische gelijkheid --- demokratische Gleichheit --- δημοκρατικό πολίτευμα --- demokraattinen yhdenvertaisuus --- poliittinen pluralismi --- politiek pluralisme --- demokratična enakost --- democratic equality --- demokratikus egyenlőség --- pluralisme politique --- politisk mångfald --- demokraatlik võrdsus --- igualdade democrática --- politisk pluralism --- ludowładztwo --- политически плурализъм --- politisk pluralisme --- pluralism politic --- pluralismo politico --- pluralizëm politik --- demokratická rovnost --- politički pluralizam --- uguaglianza democratica --- politični pluralizem --- egalitate democratică --- demokratická rovnosť --- political pluralism --- poliitiline pluralism --- demokratinė lygybė --- политички плурализам --- Gjykata e Drejtësisë e Bashkimit Europian --- il-Qorti tal-Ġustizzja tal-Unjoni Ewropea --- Суд правде Европске уније --- Soudní dvůr Evropské unie --- Cúirt Bhreithiúnais an Aontais Eorpaigh --- Суд на правдата на Европската Унија --- Tribunal de Justiça da União Europeia --- Trybunał Sprawiedliwości Unii Europejskiej --- az Európai Unió Bírósága --- Den Europæiske Unions Domstol --- Súdny dvor Európskej únie --- Eiropas Savienības Tiesa --- Cour de justice de l'Union européenne --- Sodišče Evropske unije --- Euroopan unionin tuomioistuin --- Hof van Justitie van de Europese Unie --- Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea --- Europeiska unionens domstol --- Sud Europske unije --- Gerichtshof der Europäischen Union --- Δικαστήριο της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης --- Curtea de Justiție a Uniunii Europene --- Corte di giustizia dell'Unione europea --- Europos Sąjungos Teisingumo Teismas --- Съд на Европейския съюз --- Euroopa Liidu Kohus --- TT --- SD --- Sud EZ-a --- Tribunal de Justiça das Comunidades Europeias --- yhteisötuomioistuin --- EB --- Gerichtshof der Europäischen Union (Organ) --- Curtea de Justiţie a Uniunii Europene (instituţie) --- Evropský soudní dvůr --- Sud Europske unije (institucija) --- EK Tiesa --- Δικαστήριο ΕΚ --- Euroopa Kohus --- EST --- Court of Justice of the European Union (institution) --- Az Európai Unió Bírósága (intézmény) --- Δικαστήριο της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης (θεσμικό) --- Euroopa Liidu Kohus (institutsioon) --- Súdny dvor ES --- Δικαστήριο των Ευρωπαϊκών Κοινοτήτων --- Cúirt Bhreithiúnais an Aontais Eorpaigh (institiúid) --- Community court --- Gemeinschaftsgerichtsbarkeit --- EKT --- Europees Hof van Justitie --- TJCE --- Eiropas Kopienu Tiesa --- Domstolen --- a Bíróság --- jurisdicción comunitaria --- De Europæiske Fællesskabers Domstol --- TS --- giurisdizione comunitaria --- jurisdição comunitária --- Cour de justice des Communautés européennes --- Soudní dvůr ES --- Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea (institución) --- Eiropas Savienības Tiesa (iestāde) --- Európai Bíróság --- EY:n tuomioistuin --- Euroopan unionin tuomioistuin (toimielin) --- Curte comunitară --- Corte di giustizia CE --- CJUE --- Soudní dvůr Evropských společenství --- HvJEG --- Cour de justice de l’Union européenne (institution) --- HvJ --- EU-Bíróság --- Tribunal de Justiça CE --- Gerichtshof der Europäischen Gemeinschaften --- Tribunal de Justiça Europeu --- Tribunal de Justicia CE --- Curtea Europeană de Justiție --- Europäischer Gerichtshof --- Cúirt Bhreithiúnais na gComhphobal Eorpach --- Court of Justice of the European Communities --- ΔΕΚ --- EG-Gerichtshof --- SEU --- CJEC --- il-Qorti tal-Ġustizzja tal-Unjoni Ewropea (istituzzjoni) --- Sud EU-a --- Europos Bendrijų Teisingumo Teismas --- EF-Domstolen --- EBTT --- gemenskapsdomstol --- Tribunal de Justiça da União Europeia (instituição) --- juridiction communautaire --- Hof van Justitie van de Europese Unie (instelling) --- CJCE --- Ευρωπαϊκό Δικαστήριο --- il-Qorti tal-Ġustizzja tal-Komunitajiet Ewropej --- CGUE --- Europeiska unionens domstol (institution) --- Curtea de Justiție a Comunităților Europene --- CGCE --- Sodišče Evropske unije (institucija) --- Съд на ЕО --- SDES --- Corte di giustizia europea --- Corte di giustizia dell’Unione europea (istituzione) --- Euroopa Ühenduste Kohus --- Sodišče Evropskih skupnosti --- QĠUE --- Euroopan yhteisöjen tuomioistuin --- EU-Domstolen --- Súd Spoločenstva --- Europejski Trybunał Sprawiedliwości --- κοινοτικό δικαστήριο --- Europeiska gemenskapernas domstol --- Trybunał Sprawiedliwości Unii Europejskiej (instytucja) --- Съд на Европейския съюз (институция) --- yhteisöjen tuomioistuin --- Bendrijos teismas --- Soudní dvůr Evropské unie (orgán) --- Europos Teisingumo Teismas --- EC Court of Justice --- SES --- EF-domsmyndighed --- Europos Sąjungos Teisingumo Teismas (institucija) --- EK Bíróság --- ΔΕΕ --- Съд на Европейските общности --- Tribunal de Justicia Europeo --- CJEU --- Kopienas Tiesa --- TJUE --- Eiropas Tiesa --- Cour de justice européenne --- Суд ЕЗ --- EU-domstolen --- Trybunał Sprawiedliwości Wspólnot Europejskich --- Den Europæiske Unions Domstol (institution) --- Tiesa Eiropai --- az Európai Közösségek Bírósága --- Sodišče ES --- Sud Europskih zajednica --- СПЕУ --- CBCE --- Hof van Justitie EG --- Corte di giustizia delle Comunità europee --- Európsky súdny dvor --- Súdny dvor Európskej únie (inštitúcia) --- EG-domstolen --- Súdny dvor Európskych spoločenstiev --- EB Teisingumo Teismas --- LAW / International