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Inter-American Court of Human Rights. --- Cour interaméricaine des droits de l'homme. --- Advisory opinions.

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La communauté internationale s’est dotée du jus cogens sans lui conférer un contenu déterminé, laissant aux juridictions internationales le soin de déterminer le contenu substantif des normes impératives. Alors que la Cour internationale de Justice ne semble pas avoir embrassé ce rôle, la Cour interaméricaine des droits de l’homme a développé une méthode d’interprétation entièrement axée sur la protection de la personne humaine, qui l’a inéluctablement menée à conférer un contenu au jus cogens. La Cour a mis sur pied un système cohérent de droits et d’obligations, au sommet duquel se situent les droits impératifs, dont la sanction entraine la responsabilité aggravée de l’État. Plusieurs facteurs ont contribué à cette activité jurisprudentielle innovante que la présente étude analyse. Il importe de voir cependant si le discours universaliste de la Cour basé sur l’unicité de la personne humaine est susceptible de contribuer à l’édification d’un jus cogens réellement universel. Prix Mariano Garcia Rubio 2010 du meilleur mémoire de Master en droit international. The adoption of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties in 1969 introduced the concept of jus cogens into the realm of the international legal order. The international community of States nevertheless decided to leave the determination of its substantive content to international Courts. While the International Court of Justice appears to have been reluctant to perform such a function, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights has developed a creative and dynamic method of interpretation intended to afford a full and complete protection to human beings; such an approach resulted inevitably in the identification of the content of peremptory norms. The Inter-American Court has therefore established a coherent system of rights and obligations where violations of jus cogens norms leads to the aggravated responsibility of the defendant State. The aim of this study is, on the one hand, to identify the factors…

International Law --- Law, Politics & Government --- International Law - General --- CIJ - Cour internationale de justice --- cour interaméricaine des droits de l'homme --- jus cogens

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The American Convention on Human Rights contains an in-depth analysis of and comment on crucial rights protected under the American Convention on Human Rights in the light of the decisions of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. It shows the initially hesitant steps of the Inter-American Court in developing its position on five basic rights in the first years of its existence (1979-2003). Violations of the core rights - namely the right to life, the right to personal freedom, the right to personal integrity, the right to due process of law and the right to a judicial remedy - formed the majority of complaints before the Court at a time when many of the contracting States had either just left, or were still immersed in, a dictatorship and were only just attempting to introduce the idea of human rights in a democratic society into their own legal systems. This fully revised and updated second edition now also covers the Inter-American Court's steps towards maturity (2004-2014). Due to the political and social changes in the region, since 2003 the Court has had to examine and consider a greater variety of rights, such as freedom of speech, structural discrimination, and the lack of proper protection for women's human rights and for people with different sexual orientations. The human rights problems of indigenous peoples have also come to the Court's attention, because the lack of judicial protection of their rights leads to State responsibility by omission. In addition, systematic and gross violations of human rights continue to be a significant part of the Court's work, but their treatment has allowed the Court to develop better and more precise and effective responses.Taking into consideration the changes that have taken place, this book has given more attention to certain topics. A chapter on disappearances is now included. Developments in the way the Court understands its own functions, such as the idea of the State agents' conventionality control, are also discussed.In addition, a new introductory chapter provides a good overview of the social and political landscape of the region and a wider analysis of discrimination and equality.The American Convention on Human Rights is a scholarly yet practical book on a relatively new system for the protection of human rights. It is a useful tool for practitioners to support their work and for academics in their teaching of the inter-American System.

Human rights --- Convention américaine relative aux droits de l'homme (1969) --- Droits de l'homme --- Cour interaméricaine des droits de l'homme --- American Convention on Human Rights --- Civil rights --- Inter-American Court of Human Rights. --- Inter-American Court of Human Rights --- American Convention on Human Rights (1969) --- America --- Convention américaine relative aux droits de l'homme --- Cour interaméricaine des droits de l'homme. --- Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos --- Organization of American States. --- Corte I.D.H. --- Corte IDH --- I-A Court H.R. --- I-A Court HR --- Cour interaméricaine des droits de l'homme --- Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos

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"This book aims to bridge the gap between the European and Latin American experiences of national human rights institutions (NHRIs), exploring the impact that this has internationally. It includes introductory chapters on the relationship between NHRIs and the United Nations, the European Union, and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. It also offers general contributions on other European and Latin American institutions, and deep dives into specific case studies on certain regional commissions, ombuds offices, and institutes. In order to assess the distinct models these institutional organisations adopt, three of the major European NHRIs have been chosen: the Spanish Ombuds Office, which is especially relevant to Latin America; the French Commission, of great influence in the area; and the younger German Institute. The main Latin American NHRIs which adopt either an ombuds, a commission, or an institute model are also analysed, including those of Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, and Uruguay"--Publisher.

Droits de l'homme. --- Cour interaméricaine des droits de l'homme. --- Cour européenne des droits de l'homme. --- National human rights institutions --- Human rights advocacy --- Comparative law --- Institutions nationales des droits de l'homme --- Défense des droits de l'homme --- Droit comparé

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This book offers a thorough, critical, and accessible analysis of the American Convention on Human Rights which is the main human rights treaty of the Americas. The authors closely review the jurisprudence and the binding judgments of the two institutions charged with interpreting the Convention: The Inter-American Court of Human Rights and The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights.They focus on the rights most developed by the Court and Commission, namely the rights to equality, life, humane treatment, personal liberty, property, due process and judicial protection, as well as the freedom of expression and reparations. They examine the case law with a victim-centered lens while identifying key jurisprudential developments, discussing critical areas that lack consistency and rigor, and proposing alternative conceptual approaches. Each chapter contains an Introduction to compare the Convention right's formulation with equivalent rights in other major international and regional treaties; a background section to consider the right's negotiation history; a Scope of Protection section to analyze the right's provisions (paragraph-by-paragraph or topic-by-topic); and lastly, a Limitations section, if applicable, to study any limitations to the right. In addition, the book's Introduction presents an up-to-date overview of the dynamic Inter-American Human Rights System, discussing the System's legal instruments, major institutions, significant impact, key developments, and current challenges.

Convention américaine relative aux droits de l'homme (1969) --- Human rights --- Droits de l'homme (droit international) --- Droits de l'homme --- Droits civils et politiques --- American Convention on Human Rights --- America. --- Pact of San José, Costa Rica --- American Convention on Human Rights (1969 November 22) --- Civil rights --- Political rights --- Cour interaméricaine des droits de l'homme --- America --- Convención americana sobre derechos humanos --- Pacto de San José de Costa Rica --- Human rights - America --- Cour interaméricaine des droits de l'homme