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Im Zeitraum des Briefwechsels setzte sich die politische Wiederbelebung nach der Wirtschaftskrise von 1857/58 fort, die durch den Krieg in Oberitalien 1859 einen starken Anstoß erhalten hatte. 1860 errang die italienische Einigungsbewegung entscheidende Siege und es entstand das Königreich Italien. In Deutschland wirkte die Mehrheit der Liberalen und gemäßigten Demokraten für eine nationale Einigung durch ein liberalisiertes Preußen. In den USA begann 1861 der Bürgerkrieg, durch den die Sklaverei in den Südstaaten beseitigt wurde. Arbeiter, deren Zahl wuchs, begannen wieder politisch aktiv zu werden, zunächst unter dem Patronat liberaler Politiker oder in demokratischen Bewegungen, in Großbritannien jedoch hatten sich die Trade-Unions 1860 bereits ein starkes Zentrum geschaffen. Marx und Engels kommentierten die aktuellen Entwicklungen in der "New-York Tribune". Engels schrieb seit Juli 1860 auch für das "Volunteer Journal, for Lancashire and Cheshire" und Marx seit Oktober 1861 für die Wiener Tageszeitung "Die Presse". Marx’ Hauptinteresse jedoch lag bis Ende 1860 bei der Fertigstellung der Streitschrift "Herr Vogt", und im August 1861 begann er mit der Arbeit am Manuskript "Zur Kritik der politischen Ökonomie", dem zweiten Rohentwurf des "Kapitals". Die 1860 entstandenen publizistischen Arbeiten von Marx und Engels sind in Band 18 der Ersten Abteilung, der erste Teil von Marx' ökonomischem Manuskript von 1861–1863 ist in Band 3.1 der Zweiten Abteilung der MEGA ediert worden. Die hier veröffentlichten Briefe ergänzen dieses Quellenmaterial erheblich. Einschließlich der nicht überlieferten Briefe umfasst die Korrespondenz beider in den hier dokumentierten anderthalb Jahren mindestens 540 Briefe. Der Band enthält die 386 überlieferten Briefe: 133 von Marx bzw. Engels und 253 an sie. Beide hielten in dieser Zeit mit fast 60 Personen brieflichen Kontakt. Von den Briefen Dritter, die weitgehend erhalten geblieben sind, wird die Mehrheit erstmals publiziert. Zu den umfangreichsten und gehaltvollsten Briefen des Bandes gehören die 24 Zeugnisse der Korrespondenz zwischen Marx und Ferdinand Lassalle. Mehrere Briefe geben Aufschluss über Marx' Reise auf den europäischen Kontinent im Frühjahr 1861, insbesondere über seinen Aufenthalt bei Lassalle in Berlin im März und April 1861. Beleuchtet werden ihre Verhandlungen über die gemeinsame Herausgabe einer Zeitung und deren Scheitern sowie Marx' erfolglose Bemühungen, die preußische Staatsbürgerschaft wiederzuerlangen.

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Tourism is a very important economic activity for many nations and Italy is among those that particularly benefit from it. In fact, even during the period of pandemic, despite the crisis, tourism in Italy proved to be a particularly resilient sector: among all European countries, Italy is the one that recorded the highest number of total tourist nights-spent. However, tourism statistics are not yet exhaustive in describing a highly variable phenomenon at the territorial level. Even the tourism satellite accounts, so useful for sectoral planning at regional level, are compiled for the whole country. Instead, the territories do not always know themselves, while the enhancement of landscape resources is one of the major issues that has not always been adequately analyzed; also in the recently approved Italian PNRR/Next Generation EU. In this article, we aim to examine the trend of the tourism phenomenon in the various Italian regions over the past 15 years; a period marked by crises of different origins (economic, political, health) which slowed down the economic development of the third millennium. In particular, given the problems mentioned above, we decided to start the research by considering the arrivals in hotels and non-hotel establishments by Italian tourists. The hospitality business is in fact an important part of the tourism industry. We expect domestic tourism to have greater stability, being less affected by international problems. We then examined the tourism of Italians in Italy, in the various regions, from 2006 to 2020. This analysis allowed us to observe the tourism phenomenon in Italy from a different perspective, observing, region by region, the relationship between tourism within the region and tourism coming from others regions. The choice of arrivals, instead of night spent, reduces the influence of the specific type of tourism in each region. The first results appear interesting.

Correspondence analysis. --- Correspondence analysis (Statistics)

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Nina Berberova (1901-1993) almost appears to have lived several lives. First, she was a young writer in the revolutionary Russia. Then she witnessed the hectic 1920s in Berlin and achieved her literary breakthrough in interwar Paris with psychologically finely-honed novels and short stories set in the Russian émigré community. Finally, she went on in the latter half of the century to a career as a Slavist in the United States. She had her eyes on Russia the whole time. As an academic she studied the cracks in the ideological wall and seems early on to have foreseen her return to her homeland. At last, as she approached the age of ninety, she had vanquished the Soviet Union and could go back in triumph in the "revolutionary" year of 1989. In addition to everything else Berberova was an avid letter writer who maintained a great many correspondences. For nearly thirty years she was friends with her Russian - and Petersburgian -countryman Sergej Rittenberg (1899-1975) in Stockholm, to whom she sent more than 150 letters and postcards between 1947 and 1975. A reflection of her thoughts and reading interests, they also provide a glimpse into the genesis of her huge memoir The Italics Are Mine (Kursiv moj). This volume presents Berberova's letters with an introduction and extensive commentaries by Professor Magnus Ljunggren.

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Nina Berberova (1901-1993) almost appears to have lived several lives. First, she was a young writer in the revolutionary Russia. Then she witnessed the hectic 1920s in Berlin and achieved her literary breakthrough in interwar Paris with psychologically finely-honed novels and short stories set in the Russian émigré community. Finally, she went on in the latter half of the century to a career as a Slavist in the United States. She had her eyes on Russia the whole time. As an academic she studied the cracks in the ideological wall and seems early on to have foreseen her return to her homeland. At last, as she approached the age of ninety, she had vanquished the Soviet Union and could go back in triumph in the "revolutionary" year of 1989. In addition to everything else Berberova was an avid letter writer who maintained a great many correspondences. For nearly thirty years she was friends with her Russian - and Petersburgian -countryman Sergej Rittenberg (1899-1975) in Stockholm, to whom she sent more than 150 letters and postcards between 1947 and 1975. A reflection of her thoughts and reading interests, they also provide a glimpse into the genesis of her huge memoir The Italics Are Mine (Kursiv moj). This volume presents Berberova's letters with an introduction and extensive commentaries by Professor Magnus Ljunggren.

Correspondence analysis (Statistics)