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Pre-Copulatory and Copulatory-Behavior in Relation to Stages of the Estrous-Cycle in the Female Mongolian Gerbil.
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Year: 1980

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Primate sexuality : comparative studies of the prosimians, monkeys, apes and human beings
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ISBN: 0191810029 1280593911 9786613623744 0191624187 9780191624186 9780199544646 0199544646 9780191810022 9781280593918 6613623741 9780199676613 0199676615 Year: 2012 Publisher: Oxford : Oxford University Press,

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Primate Sexuality provides an authoritative and comprehensive synthesis of current research on the evolution and physiological control of sexual behaviour in the primates - prosimians, monkeys, apes, and human beings. This new edition has been fully updated and greatly expanded throughout to incorporate a decade of new research findings. It maintains the depth and scientific rigour of the first edition, and includes a new chapter on human sexuality, written from a comparative perspective. It contains 2600 references, almost 400 figures and photographs, and 73 tables.


Article
Study on the estrous cycle in the Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus).
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Year: 1996

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The paucity of information and the unagreed consensus about the estrous cycle of the Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) have rendered such studies rather difficult. The estrous cycle of the Mongolian gerbils in this report were divided into 5 stages: Stage I, proestrus; Stage II, estrus (scattering); Stage III, estrus (gathering); Stage IV, metestrus and Stage V, diestrus. The normal estrous cycle in the Mongolian gerbils was 4-6 days long. In our experimental conditions, 67.9% of virgin females had a 4-6 day cycle, whereas 26.4% had an unsettled cycle and 5.7% assumed pseudopregnancy. The changing pattern of the estrous cycle and copulatory behavior of the Mongolian gerbils after hormone (PMSG: pregnant mare serum gonadotropin, 10 IU; hCG: human chorionic gonadotropin, 10 IU) injection were examined. The change in the estrous stage after hormone injection could be roughly classified into two types. The vaginal smear of virgin females injected with PMSG at Stage I, II or III changed to Stage V the next day and to Stage I or Stage II after 48 hr, but in the case of Stage IV or V, the smear changed to Stage I after 48 hr. The females injected with PMSG at Stage I, II or III copulated at from 13:00 to 23:00, whereas others injected at Stage IV or V scarcely copulated at all between 13:00 and 23:00. Mating of these females with the male midnight was not observed.


Article
Induction of pseudopregnancy in the Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) by vaginal stimulation.
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Year: 1999

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In rats, pseudopregnancy has been induced by mating with vasectomized males, by mechanical stimulation of the uterine cervix with a glass rod or vibrator, and by stimulation of the vagina with a tampon. On the other hand, no practical data are available in reports on the induction of pseudopregnancy in Mongolian gerbils. Pseudopregnancy of gerbils has been induced by mating with vasectomized males. But this method was uncertain because the incidence of pseudopregnancy was lower than that obtained in rats by other means. In the present study, two experiments were undertaken as follows. 1) Copulatory behavior of gerbils was observed for one hour to determine the most effective stimulation interval. 2) From the results of Experiment 1, female gerbils in estrus were mechanically stimulated to test the effectiveness of inducing pseudopregnancy by vaginal stimulation at various time intervals. The results of these experiments indicated that, although the frequency of copulatory behavior varied among individuals, on average the most effective method for inducing pseudopregnancy was stimulation of 5 min duration and at 20 or 30 min intervals. Because the incidence of pseudopregnancy induced by such mechanical stimulation (83.3%) was higher than that induced by mating with vasectomized males (30.0%), this method might be useful in inducing pseudopregnancy in Mongolian gerbils.

Alternative reproductive tactics : an integrative approach
Authors: --- ---
ISBN: 9780521540063 9780521832434 9780511542602 9780511388637 0511388632 0511387644 9780511387647 0511542607 0521540062 0521832438 1107174716 1281254398 9786611254391 051138663X 0511384807 0511382979 Year: 2008 Publisher: Cambridge, UK ; New York : Cambridge University Press,

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The study of alternative reproductive tactics (the behavioural strategies used by individuals to increase their reproductive success) is an evolutionary puzzle, and one of great interest to researchers. For instance, why do some males guard both nest and eggs, while others sneak into nests while pairs are spawning and fertilise those eggs? The field offers a special opportunity to study the evolution and functional causes of phenotypic variation, which is a general problem in the field of evolutionary biology. By integrating both mechanistic (psychological) and evolutionary (behavioural ecology) perspectives and by covering a great diversity of species, Alternative Reproductive Tactics addresses this integrated topic of longstanding interest, bringing together a multitude of otherwise scattered information in an accessible form that is ideal for graduate students and researchers.

The Evolution of Mating Systems in Insects and Arachnids
Authors: ---
ISBN: 0521580293 0521589762 Year: 1997 Publisher: Cambridge University press


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Sexual selection, lek and arena behavior, and sexual size dimorphism in birds
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ISBN: 0943610400 Year: 1984

Sexual selections : what we can and can't learn about sex from animals.
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ISBN: 0520240758 0520219740 Year: 2002 Publisher: Berkeley University of California Press

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Marlene Zuk, a respected biologist and a feminist, gives an eye-opening tour of some of the latest developments in our knowledge of animal sexuality and evolutionary biology. Sexual Selections exposes the anthropomorphism and gender politics that have colored our understanding of the natural world and shows how feminism can help move us away from our ideological biases. (publisher's description)

Female infidelity and paternal uncertainty : evolutionary perspectives on male anti-cuckoldry tactics
Authors: ---
ISBN: 0521607345 0521845386 9780521607346 9780521845380 9780511617812 9780511242144 051124214X 0511240627 9780511240621 0511241143 9780511241147 0511241666 9780511241666 051161781X 1280567856 9781280567858 1107164125 9786610567850 0511318219 Year: 2006 Publisher: Cambridge, UK ; New York : Cambridge University Press,

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Although commonly believed that males are more promiscuous than females, new research has revealed that female infidelity is a common occurrence throughout the animal kingdom. Female Infidelity and Paternal Uncertainty is the first book to address how males deal with the consequences of female infidelity and the strategies they have evolved to try to avoid the possibility of raising an offspring they unknowingly did not sire. Each chapter deals with a specific evolved strategy developed to aid males in either limiting opportunities for their mate to be unfaithful or to 'correct' the by-products of infidelity should it occur. With sections including mate guarding, intra-vaginal tactics and paternity assessment, this book will appeal to researchers and graduate students in behavioral biology, evolutionary psychology, human sexuality, anthropology, sociology, reproductive health and medicine.


Book
Animal homosexuality : a biosocial perspective
Authors: ---
ISBN: 9780521196758 9780521145145 9780511762192 9780511789588 0511789580 9780511786976 0511786972 0511762194 0521196752 0521145147 1107205212 1282771272 9786612771279 0511788843 0511785836 0511788118 Year: 2010 Publisher: Cambridge : Cambridge University Press,

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Homosexuality is an evolutionary paradox in search for a resolution, not a medical condition in search for a cure. Homosexual behavior is common among social animals, and mainly expressed within the context of a bisexual sexual orientation. Exclusive homosexuality is less common, but not unique to humans. Poiani and Dixson invite the reader to embark on a journey through the evolutionary, biological, psychological and sociological aspects of homosexuality, seeking an understanding of both the proximate and evolutionary causes of homosexual behavior and orientation in humans, other mammals and birds. The authors also provide a synthesis of what we know about homosexuality into a biosocial model that links recent advances in reproductive skew theory and various selection mechanisms to produce a comprehensive framework that will be useful for anyone teaching or planning future research in this field.

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