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Doelstelling: Deze studie bestudeert pragmatische partikels in de film The Incredibles en de Vlaamse gedubde versie van de film. In deze studie wordt gewerkt van bron- naar doeltaal en wordt kwantitatief onderzocht hoe (vaak) en hoe systematisch pragmatische partikels vertaald worden. Verder wordt onderzocht wat de verschillende functies van de pragmatische partikels zijn en welke van die functies het meest vertaald worden. Er wordt gezocht naar verbanden tussen vertalingen (of het gebrek daaraan) en de vastgestelde functies van de pragmatische partikels in het licht van de audiovisuele informatie die verstrekt wordt. Middelen of methode: Om de onderzoeksvragen te beantwoorden wordt gewerkt met de transcriptie van de Engelstalige versie van de film die vergeleken wordt met de getranscribeerde Vlaamse gedubde versie. De pragmatische partikels worden uit het corpus gehaald aan de hand van WordSmith Tools versie 3.0. Resultaten: Het corpus telt in totaal 462 pragmatische partikels, die kunnen worden onderverdeeld in 42 verschillende soorten. Op basis van frequentie en beschikbare literatuur werden de volgende partikels geselecteerd voor grondig onderzoek: well, oh, now, you know, I mean, hey, so en look. De meest voorkomende functie was het uitdrukken van gevoelens, die te vinden was bij zowel well, oh, now, I mean en hey. Verder werd ongeveer 1/5 van de vertalingen weggelaten, om verschillende redenen: een alleszeggend gebaar, overduidelijke intonatie, idiomatisch taalgebruik, dubbele weergave van dezelfde functie, persoonlijke keuze, etc. Ondanks de weglatingen blijft de film toch verstaanbaar, omdat mensen automatisch op zoek gaan naar relaties tussen en betekenissen van zinnen of uitspraken.

Contrastive analysis. --- Discourse markers. --- Dubbing. --- Dutch. --- English. --- Film. --- Pragmatics.

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Contrasting conditions with and without conscious experience has served consciousness research well. However, research based on this simple contrast has led to controversies about the neural basis of conscious experience. One key reason for these ongoing debates seems to be that the simple contrast between conditions with and without consciousness is not specific for unraveling the neural basis of conscious experience, but rather also leads to other processes that precede or follow it. Acknowledging this methodological problem implies that some of the previous research findings about the neural underpinnings of conscious experience are actually reflecting the prerequisites and consequences rather than the direct correlates of conscious perception. Thus, it is required to re-evaluate the previous results to find out which of them are telling us anything about the neural basis of consciousness. But first and foremost, to overcome this methodological problem we need new experimental paradigms that go beyond the simple contrastive analysis or find the ways how some older but well forgotten paradigms may foster a new look at this emerging problem. Accordingly, this research topic is looking for empirical and theoretical contributions that: 1) envision new and suitable experimental approaches to study consciousness that are free from the limitations of the simple contrastive analysis; 2) provide empirical data that help to separate the neural correlates of conscious experience from the prerequisites and consequences of it; 3) help to re-assess previous research findings about the neural correlates of conscious perception in the light of the methodological problems with the traditional contrastive analysis. We hope that the theoretical insights and experimental approaches collected within this Research Topic help us to gain a more refined understanding of the neural basis of conscious experience.

Consciousness --- Neurology --- Psychology. --- Social sciences. --- Consciousness --- EEG --- contextual effects --- neural correlates of consciousness --- Contents of consciousness --- TMS --- levels of consciousness --- Contrastive analysis --- oscillations --- multivariate analysis --- Physiological aspects. --- Research. --- Consciousness --- EEG --- contextual effects --- neural correlates of consciousness --- Contents of consciousness --- TMS --- levels of consciousness --- Contrastive analysis --- oscillations --- multivariate analysis

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The work presents the set of the 300 most well-known and most frequent proverbs, sayings and similar paremiological units in modern Slovene, its theoretical and methodological basis and also how it can be used in different phraseological and phraseographical tasks. The concept of the paremiological optimum was developed by Ďurčo and it combines the concept of the Permjakov’s paremiological minimum of the most well-known units with corpus-based and frequency-oriented analyses. 316 Slovene speakers were included in the sociolinguistic test and the top list of the 300 most well-known out of 918 units presented to them was additionally arranged according to their frequency in the FidaPLUS language corpus. Author presents different search procedures which he used in the language corpora. The paremiological optimum is modernized according to the most frequent form of each unit in the Gigafida language corpus. The comparative research of the Slovak and Slovene paremiology based on the paremiological optimum is presented in details. Author also describes how the data he gained can be used in the lexicography. Monografija se ukvarja s paremiologijo – delom stavčne frazeologije z žanrskimi značilnostmi pregovorov, rekov, velerizmov in sorodnih paremioloških enot. Predstavlja s sociolingvistično in korpusno raziskavo zamejeno jedro slovenskih paremioloških enot oziroma paremij. Paremiološki minimum – seznam tristotih najbolj poznanih paremioloških enot – je bil do sedaj določen že v vrsti jezikov, vrzel v slovenski frazeologiji delo ne le zapolnjuje, temveč gre še korak dlje. Avtor je paremiološki minimum po slovaškem vzoru s podatki o pogostnosti enot v jezikovnem korpusu nadgradil v paremiološki optimum. V delu sta podrobno predstavljeni sociolingvistična spletna raziskava poznanosti 918 paremioloških enot, izpisanih iz dveh slovarjev ter korpusna raziskava pogostnosti 300 najbolj poznanih izmed njih. Delo prinaša še medjezikovno primerjavo slovenskega in slovaškega paremiološkega optimuma. Predstavljene so tudi oporne točke za nadaljnje raziskave zaledja paremiološkega minimuma ter optimuma, npr. najbolj poznani slovenski antipregovori, ki jim je bilo v slovenskih raziskavah do sedaj posvečeno malo pozornosti. Nazorno je prikazana tudi uporabnost opravljenih raziskav za slovaropisje.

Proverbs, Slovenian --- Slovenian language --- History and criticism. --- Lexicography. --- Slovene language --- Windic dialect (Slovenian) --- Slavic languages, Southern --- Slovenian proverbs --- Slovenian --- Discourse analysis --- contrastive analysis --- corpus linguistics --- literary folklore research --- paremiology --- phrasems --- phraseology --- proverbs --- Slovak language --- sociolinguistics --- text corpus --- frazemi --- frazeologija --- jezikovni korpusi --- kontrastivna analiza --- korpusno jezikoslovje --- paremiologija --- pregovori --- slovaščina --- slovenščina --- slovenski pregovori --- slovstvena folkloristika --- sociolingvistika