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Electronic and electric waste (e-waste), defined as end-of-life electronic products, including computers, television sets, mobile phones, transformers, capacitors, wires and cables, are a major global environmental concern. The crude recycling of e-waste releases persistent toxic substances, such as heavy metals, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and the environmental pollution and health risks caused by the improper disposal of e-waste has become an urgent issue. This book offers an overview of e-waste history, sources, and entry routes in soil, air, water and sediment. It also addresses e-waste transport and fate, bioavailability and biomonitoring, e-waste risk assessment, impacts on the environment and public health. In addition, it discusses the impact of e-waste on soil microbial community diversity, structure and function and reviews the treatment and management strategies, such as bioremediation and phytoremediation, as well as policies and future challenges. Given its scope, it is a valuable resource for students, researchers and scholars in the field of electronics manufacturing, environmental science and engineering, toxicology, environmental biotechnology, soil sciences and microbial ecology, as well as and plant biotechnology. .

Microbiology. --- Waste management. --- Environmental pollution. --- Waste Management/Waste Technology. --- Terrestrial Pollution. --- Chemical pollution --- Chemicals --- Contamination of environment --- Environmental pollution --- Pollution --- Contamination (Technology) --- Asbestos abatement --- Bioremediation --- Environmental engineering --- Environmental quality --- Factory and trade waste --- Hazardous waste site remediation --- Hazardous wastes --- In situ remediation --- Lead abatement --- Pollutants --- Refuse and refuse disposal --- Microbial biology --- Biology --- Microorganisms --- Environmental aspects --- Electronic waste. --- E-scrap --- E-waste --- Waste electrical and electronic equipment --- Waste electronic apparatus and appliances --- Waste electronic appliances --- WEEE (Waste electrical and electronic equipment) --- Electronic apparatus and appliances --- Contaminació --- Llibres electrònics --- e-books --- Llibre electrònic --- Llibres en línia --- Llibres interactius --- Llibres online --- Llibres --- Lectura sobre pantalla --- Contaminació ambiental --- Contaminació industrial --- Contaminació química --- Pol·lució --- Influència de l'home en la natura --- Salut pública --- Bioremediació --- Catàstrofes ecològiques --- Contaminació acústica --- Contaminació agrícola --- Contaminació atmosfèrica --- Contaminació de l'aigua --- Contaminació dels sòls --- Contaminació lumínica --- Contaminació microbiana --- Contaminació radioactiva --- Contaminació transfronterera --- Efecte de la contaminació sobre els animals --- Sediments contaminats --- Contaminants --- Descontaminació --- Residus perillosos

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As we know, rapid industrialization is a serious concern in the context of a healthy environment. Various physico-chemical and biological approaches for the removal of toxic pollutants are available, but unfortunately these are not very effective. Biological approaches using microorganisms (bacterial/fungi/algae), green plants or their enzymes to degrade/detoxify environmental contaminants such as endocrine disrupting chemicals, toxic metals, pesticides, dyes, petroleum hydrocarbons and phenolic compounds are eco-friendly and low cost. This book provides a much-needed, comprehensive overview of the various types of contaminants, their toxicological effects on the environment, humans, animals and plants as well as various eco-friendly approaches for their management (degradation/detoxification). As such it is a valuable resource for a wide range of students, scientists and researchers in microbiology, biotechnology, environmental sciences.

Environmental toxicology. --- Pollutants. --- Groundwater --- Soil remediation. --- Purification. --- Cleanup of contaminated soil --- Remediation of contaminated soil --- Soil cleanup --- Soil contamination remediation --- Soil protection --- Soil pollution --- Chemical pollutants --- Contaminants, Environmental --- Environmental contaminants --- Environmental pollutants --- Chemicals --- Pollution --- Ecotoxicology --- Pollutants --- Environmental health --- Toxicology --- Environmental management. --- Environmental chemistry. --- Environmental engineering. --- Biotechnology. --- Environmental sciences. --- Environment. --- Environmental Management. --- Environmental Chemistry. --- Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology. --- Environmental Science and Engineering. --- Environment Studies. --- Environmental science --- Science --- Chemical engineering --- Genetic engineering --- Environmental control --- Environmental effects --- Environmental stresses --- Engineering --- Environmental protection --- Sustainable engineering --- Chemistry, Environmental --- Chemistry --- Ecology --- Environmental stewardship --- Stewardship, Environmental --- Environmental sciences --- Management --- Contaminació --- Contaminants --- Gestió ambiental --- Control mediambiental --- Ecogestió --- Gestió del medi ambient --- Gestió ecològica --- Gestió mediambiental --- Ciències ambientals --- Política ambiental --- Gestió de recursos naturals --- Gestió dels ecosistemes --- Sistemes de gestió mediambiental --- Agents contaminants --- Contaminants ambientals --- Contaminants químics --- Productes contaminants --- Substàncies contaminants --- Productes químics --- Contaminants orgànics de l'aigua --- Contaminants persistents --- Lixiviats --- Contaminació ambiental --- Contaminació industrial --- Contaminació química --- Pol·lució --- Influència de l'home en la natura --- Salut pública --- Bioremediació --- Catàstrofes ecològiques --- Contaminació acústica --- Contaminació agrícola --- Contaminació atmosfèrica --- Contaminació de l'aigua --- Contaminació dels sòls --- Contaminació lumínica --- Contaminació microbiana --- Contaminació radioactiva --- Contaminació transfronterera --- Efecte de la contaminació sobre els animals --- Sediments contaminats --- Descontaminació --- Residus perillosos --- Balance of nature --- Biology --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Population biology --- Bioremediation. --- Environmental Sciences. --- Environmental biotechnology --- Biodegradation

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Environmental Exposure --- Environmental Pollution --- Environmental Health --- Public Health --- Risk Assessment --- Environmental health --- Toxicology --- Hygiène du milieu --- Toxicologie --- Periodicals. --- Périodiques --- Environmental Exposure. --- Environmental Pollution. --- Environmental Health. --- Public Health. --- Risk Assessment. --- Environmental health. --- Toxicology. --- Chemicals --- Environmental quality --- Health --- Health ecology --- Heatlh Risk Assessment --- Risks and Benefits --- Assessment, Risk --- Benefit-Risk Assessment --- Risk-Benefit Assessment --- Assessment, Benefit-Risk --- Assessment, Heatlh Risk --- Assessment, Risk-Benefit --- Assessments, Benefit-Risk --- Assessments, Heatlh Risk --- Assessments, Risk --- Assessments, Risk-Benefit --- Benefit Risk Assessment --- Benefit-Risk Assessments --- Benefits and Risks --- Heatlh Risk Assessments --- Risk Assessment, Heatlh --- Risk Assessments --- Risk Assessments, Heatlh --- Risk Benefit Assessment --- Risk-Benefit Assessments --- Environment, Preventive Medicine & Public Health --- Environment, Preventive Medicine and Public Health --- Health, Public --- Environmental Health Science --- Health, Environmental --- Environmental Health Sciences --- Environmental Healths --- Health Science, Environmental --- Health Sciences, Environmental --- Healths, Environmental --- Science, Environmental Health --- Sciences, Environmental Health --- Pollution, Environmental --- Soil Pollution --- Pollution, Soil --- Exposure, Environmental --- Environmental Exposures --- Exposures, Environmental --- Health aspects --- Environmental aspects --- health sciences --- Medicine --- Pharmacology --- Poisoning --- Poisons --- Public health --- Environmental engineering --- Health risk assessment --- Health Risk Assessment --- Assessment, Health Risk --- Assessments, Health Risk --- Health Risk Assessments --- Risk Assessment, Health --- Risk Assessments, Health --- Community Health --- Health, Community --- Preventive Medicine --- Education, Public Health Professional --- Ecology --- Environmental Pollutants --- Sentinel Species --- Health Sciences --- Risk Analysis --- Analysis, Risk --- Risk Analyses --- Hygiene. Public health. Protection --- Human medicine --- Environmental protection. Environmental technology --- Contaminació. --- Higiene ambiental. --- Toxicologia ambiental. --- Ecotoxicologia --- Toxicologia mediambiental --- Higiene ambiental --- Toxicologia --- Ecologia sanitària --- Salut ambiental --- Salut pública --- Contaminació atmosfèrica --- Salut urbana --- Sanejament --- Toxicologia ambiental --- Avaluació del risc per la salut --- Ecologia humana --- Enginyeria ambiental --- Higiene industrial --- Malalties d'origen mediambiental --- Contaminació ambiental --- Contaminació industrial --- Contaminació química --- Pol·lució --- Influència de l'home en la natura --- Bioremediació --- Catàstrofes ecològiques --- Contaminació acústica --- Contaminació agrícola --- Contaminació de l'aigua --- Contaminació dels sòls --- Contaminació lumínica --- Contaminació microbiana --- Contaminació radioactiva --- Contaminació transfronterera --- Efecte de la contaminació sobre els animals --- Sediments contaminats --- Contaminants --- Descontaminació --- Residus perillosos

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Healthy environment is important for any kind of biota on earth. It provides the basic elements of life such as clean water, fresh air, fertile soil and supports ecosystem of the food chain. Pollution drastically alters quality of the environment by changing the physico-chemical and biological aspects of these components. Accordingly, toxic metals, combustible and putrescible substances, hazardous wastes, explosives and petroleum products are all examples of inorganic and organic compounds that cause contaminations. Specifically, pollution of toxic and heavy metal in the environment is a growing problem worldwide, currently at an alarming rate. Toxic metals threaten the aquatic ecosystems, agriculture and ultimately human health. Traditional treatment techniques offer certain advantages such as rapid processing, ease of operation and control and flexibility. But, they could not maintain the quality of the environment due to the high operational costs of chemicals used, high energy consumption and handling costs for sludge disposal and overburden of chemical substances which irreversibly affect and destroy biodiversity, which ultimately render the soil useless as a medium for plant growth. Therefore, bioremediation and biotechnology, carried out by living assets to clean up, stabilize and restore contaminated ecosystems, have emerged as promising, environmental friendly and affordable approaches. Furthermore, the use of microbes, algae, transgenic plants and weeds adapted to stressful environments could be employed to enhance accumulation efficiency. Hence, sustainable and inexpensive processes are fast emerging as a viable alternative to conventional remediation methods, and will be most suitable for developing countries. In the current volume, we discuss pollution remediation challenges and how living organisms and the latest biotechnological techniques could be helpful in remediating the pollution in ecofriendly and sustainable ways.

Conservation biology. --- Ecology . --- Environmental engineering. --- Biotechnology. --- Water quality. --- Water pollution. --- Sustainable development. --- Applied ecology. --- Agriculture. --- Conservation Biology/Ecology. --- Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology. --- Water Quality/Water Pollution. --- Sustainable Development. --- Applied Ecology. --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Ecology --- Environmental protection --- Nature conservation --- Development, Sustainable --- Ecologically sustainable development --- Economic development, Sustainable --- Economic sustainability --- ESD (Ecologically sustainable development) --- Smart growth --- Sustainable development --- Sustainable economic development --- Economic development --- Aquatic pollution --- Fresh water --- Fresh water pollution --- Freshwater pollution --- Inland water pollution --- Lake pollution --- Lakes --- Reservoirs --- River pollution --- Rivers --- Stream pollution --- Water contamination --- Water pollutants --- Water pollution --- Pollution --- Waste disposal in rivers, lakes, etc. --- Freshwater --- Freshwater quality --- Marine water quality --- Quality of water --- Seawater --- Seawater quality --- Water --- Environmental quality --- Chemical engineering --- Genetic engineering --- Environmental control --- Environmental effects --- Environmental stresses --- Engineering --- Environmental health --- Sustainable engineering --- Balance of nature --- Biology --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Environmental sciences --- Population biology --- Environmental aspects --- Quality --- Composition --- Bioremediation. --- Environmental biotechnology --- Biodegradation --- Bioremediació --- Contaminació --- Enginyeria ambiental --- Protecció ambiental --- Conservació ambiental --- Conservació del medi ambient --- Protecció del medi ambient --- Protecció mediambiental --- Ciències ambientals --- Agricultura de conservació --- Avaluació d'impacte ambiental --- Conservació de la natura --- Conservació dels recursos naturals --- Control de la contaminació --- Principi de precaució --- Protecció del paisatge --- Protecció dels sòls --- Normes ISO 14000 --- Política ambiental --- Qualitat ambiental --- Control ambiental --- Control del medi ambient --- Enginyeria del medi ambient --- Enginyeria mediambiental --- Tecnologia ambiental --- Auditoria ambiental --- Condicions de treball --- Enginyeria ambiental (Edificis) --- Seguiment ambiental --- Higiene ambiental --- Contaminació ambiental --- Contaminació industrial --- Contaminació química --- Pol·lució --- Influència de l'home en la natura --- Salut pública --- Catàstrofes ecològiques --- Contaminació acústica --- Contaminació agrícola --- Contaminació atmosfèrica --- Contaminació de l'aigua --- Contaminació dels sòls --- Contaminació lumínica --- Contaminació microbiana --- Contaminació radioactiva --- Contaminació transfronterera --- Efecte de la contaminació sobre els animals --- Sediments contaminats --- Contaminants --- Descontaminació --- Residus perillosos --- Bioremeiació --- Bioreparació --- Biotecnologia ambiental --- Biotecnologia del medi ambient --- Descontaminació biològica --- Biodegradació --- Fitoremediació