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Some of the bloodiest conflicts occurred on the African continent. An Afrocentric perspective is therefore a suitable starting point for research into the possible strategies for post-conflict peacebuilding.The authors of this book consider the problems around the concept of ""post-conflict"" and the blurring of military and civilian roles, analyzing the UN roles in the DRC and Sierra Leone, as well as the African Union Mission in Burundi. The main context of the book, however, is the South African Army's strategy for PCRD in Africa, which has been developed with the African Union's 2006 Post-

Civil-military relations -- Africa. --- Conflict management -- Case studies. --- Economic development -- Africa. --- Peace-building -- Africa. --- Peacekeeping forces -- Africa. --- Postwar reconstruction -- Africa.

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When we open the newspaper, watch and listen to the news, or follow social media, we are inundated with reports on old and fresh conflict zones around the world. Less apparent, perhaps, are the many attempts at bringing former adversaries together. Reconciliation in Global Context argues for the merit of reconciliation and for the need of global conversations around this topic. The contributing scholars and scholar-practitioners?who hail from the United States, South Africa, Ireland, Israel, Zimbabwe, Germany, Palestine, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Switzerland, and the Netherlands?describe and analyze examples of reconciliatory practices in different national and political environments. Drawing on direct experiences with reconciliation efforts, from facilitating psychosocial intergroup workshops to critically evaluating official policies, they also reflect on the personal motivations that guide them in this field of engagement. Arranged along an arc that spans from cases describing and interpreting actual processes with groups in conflict to cases in which the conceptual merits and constraints of reconciliation are brought to the fore, the chapters ask hard questions, but also argue for a relational approach to reconciliatory practices. For, in the end, what is important is to embrace a spirit of reconciliation that avoids self-interested action and, instead, advances other-directed care.

Conflict management --- Peace-building --- Reconciliation --- Peace making --- Peacemaking --- Reconciliatory behavior --- Quarreling --- Peace-building - Case studies --- Conflict management - Case studies --- Reconciliation - Case studies

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The study is the result of an international collaborative project supported and funded by the Carnegie Corporation of New York. This multi-year venture has involved a research team of some forty chapter authors and commentators. The research has been accompanied by three major workshops on project methodology, initial chapter reviews and final discussions. A point was made of including both scholars and practitioners involved in power-sharing settlements in the review process, in the hope that more would be learned about the actual implementation of the settlements under investigation. The project team was united in its wish to explore whether long-standing secessionist conflicts have been addressed effectively through the significant number of self-determination settlements that were generated in response to the wave of internal conflicts of the 1990s. It was also committed to testing whether consociationalist and integrative techniques of conflict settlement really are as mutually exclusive as is sometimes supposed, or whether they can in fact be mutually reinforcing. Finally, the project derives its impetus from the necessity to critically rethink the doctrine of self-determination. One may question whether its traditional, restrictive interpretation will be adequate in confronting the wide variety of future challenges to the territorial integrity of states.

Autonomy --- Conflict management --- Minorities --- Self-determination, National --- Autodeterminación nacional --- Autonomia --- Minorias --- Solución de conflictos --- National self-determination --- Nationalism --- Nation-state --- Nationalities, Principle of --- Sovereignty --- Ethnic minorities --- Foreign population --- Minority groups --- Persons --- Assimilation (Sociology) --- Discrimination --- Ethnic relations --- Majorities --- Plebiscite --- Race relations --- Segregation --- Independence --- Self-government --- International law --- Political science --- Political activity --- Actividad política --- Autonomy - Case studies --- Conflict management - Case studies --- Self-determination, National - Case studies --- Minorities - Political activity - Case studies

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Democracy is inherently difficult in societies divided along deep ethnic cleavages. Elections in such societies will often encourage 'centrifugal' politics which reward extremist ethnic appeals, zero-sum political behaviour and ethnic conflict, and which consequently often lead to the breakdown of democracy. Reilly examines the potential of 'electoral engineering' as a mechanism of conflict management in divided societies. He focuses on the little-known experience of a number of divided societies which have used preferential, vote-pooling electoral systems - such as Papua New Guinea, Sri Lanka, Northern Ireland and Fiji. Examination of these cases shows that electoral systems which encourage bargaining between rival political actors, which promote the development of broad-based, aggregative political parties and which present campaigning politicians with incentives to attract votes from a range of ethnic groups can, under certain conditions, encourage the development of moderate, accommodatory political competition in divided societies.

Political systems --- Elections --- Conflict management --- Gestion des conflits --- Conflict management. --- Democracy. --- Democracy - Case studies. --- Elections. --- Government - General --- Law, Politics & Government --- Political Institutions & Public Administration - General --- Democracy --- #SBIB:014.AANKOOP --- #SBIB:324H42 --- #SBIB:324H71 --- Self-government --- Political science --- Equality --- Representative government and representation --- Republics --- Conflict control --- Conflict resolution --- Dispute settlement --- Management of conflict --- Managing conflict --- Management --- Negotiation --- Problem solving --- Social conflict --- Crisis management --- Electoral politics --- Franchise --- Polls --- Politics, Practical --- Plebiscite --- Political campaigns --- Politieke structuren: verkiezingen --- Politieke verandering: modernisatie, democratisering, regional development --- Social Sciences --- Political Science --- Elections - Case studies --- Conflict management - Case studies --- Democracy - Case studies

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Emigration and immigration --- Immigrants --- Conflict management --- World politics --- Emigration et immigration --- Gestion des conflits --- Politique mondiale --- Political aspects --- Case studies. --- Political activity --- Aspect politique --- Cas, Etudes de --- Activité politique --- #SBIB:327.6H02 --- Internationale problemen: bijzondere vraagstukken --- Conflict management -- Case studies. --- Emigration and immigration -- Political aspects -- Case studies. --- Immigrants -- Political activity -- Case studies. --- World politics -- Case studies. --- Political Science --- Law, Politics & Government --- Immigration & Emigration --- Criminal liability (International law) --- Crimes against humanity --- Atrocities --- Truth commissions --- Reconciliation --- Law, General & Comparative --- Activité politique --- Colonialism --- Global politics --- International politics --- Political history --- Political science --- World history --- Eastern question --- Geopolitics --- International organization --- International relations --- Emigrants --- Foreign-born population --- Foreign population --- Foreigners --- Migrants --- Persons --- Aliens --- Immigration --- International migration --- Migration, International --- Population geography --- Assimilation (Sociology) --- Colonization