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Les philosophes européens du XVI 1 le siècle ont largement ignoré l'archéologie de terrain mais le développement historique et anté-historique des sociétés humaines fut un thème commun de leurs réflexions entre 1740 et 1785 surtout. Cette préoccupation cadrait avec les concepts devenus populaires de « progrès », de « perfectibilité », d'« inégalité » et avec leur besoin de comprendre la transformation de la « nature humaine » et les contrastes culturels enregistrés à travers le monde par les missionnaires, les commerçants et les explorateurs. Cet article, en ne présentant qu'un échantillon des idées dominantes de l'époque, veut souligner l'importance de ce bricolage conjectural dans l'élaboration d'une véritable pensée évolutive concernant le phénomène social. C'est le premier exemple d'une archéologie « hypothético-déductive ». Eighteenth century European philosophers greatly ignored field archaeology but the historical as well as ante-historical development of human societies was a common theme among their reflexions especially between 1740 and 1785. This preoccupation was in accordance with ideas which were in the limelight such as « progress », « perfectibility » and « inequality » and with their need to understand the transformation of « human nature » and cultural contrasts witnessed throughout the world by missionaries, traders and explorers. This paper, while presenting but a sampling of ideas prevalent in that era, wishes to underline the importance of this conjectural structuring of notions in the elaboration of a truly ongoing thought concerning social phenomena. This is the first example of an « hypothetico-deductive » archaeology.

Conceptualism.

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The paper deals with the Russian folk tales and predictions describing the wedding rites and roles of their participants with regard not only to the ceremony itself but also to its meaning. These elements, i.e. roles, action, meaning are reflected via the present and future states that the participants are and will be in. The fiancée is presented as a key character from the point of view of her role and meaning in the stages of the ceremony. The world of objects is described as a special one with regard to the reality and the impact this world has upon a human being and vice versa. The author suggests a number of attitudes towards the potential, virtual typologies connected with the meanings of the paradigmatic units. The units are presented with regard to their structure and position in general semantics.

Russian language --- Conceptualism. --- Semantics.

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Reality. --- Conceptualism. --- Personality.

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Anthropology --- Conceptualism --- Anthropologie --- Conceptualisme

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In One and Five Ideas eminent critic, historian, and former member of the Art & Language collective Terry Smith explores the artistic, philosophical, political, and geographical dimensions of Conceptual Art and conceptualism. These four essays and a conversation with Mary Kelly—published between 1974 and 2012—contain Smith's most essential work on Conceptual Art and his argument that conceptualism was key to the historical transition from modern to contemporary art. Nothing less than a distinctive theory of Conceptual and contemporary art, One and Five Ideas showcases the critical voice of one of the major art theorists of our time.

Conceptual art. --- Conceptualism. --- Conceptual art