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Over the last fifty years, many studies of psychiatric medication have been carried out on the basis of psychopharmacology. At the beginning, researchers and clinicians found the unexpected effectiveness of some medications with therapeutic effects in anti-mood without knowing the reason. Next, researchers and clinicians started to explore the mechanism of neurotransmitters and started to gain an understanding of how mental illness can be. Antidepressants are one of the most investigated medications. Having greater knowledge of psychopharmacology could help us to gain more understanding of treatments. In total ten chapters on various aspects of antidepressants were integrated into this book to help beginners interested in this field to understand depression.

Computer multitasking.

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Handbook of Truly Concurrent Process Algebra provides readers with a detailed and in-depth explanation of the algebra used for concurrent computing. This complete handbook is divided into five Parts: Algebraic Theory for Reversible Computing, Probabilistic Process Algebra for True Concurrency, Actors - A Process Algebra-Based Approach, Secure Process Algebra, and Verification of Patterns. The author demonstrates actor models which are captured using the following characteristics: Concurrency, Asynchrony, Uniqueness, Concentration, Communication Dependency, Abstraction, and Persistence. Truly concurrent process algebras are generalizations of the corresponding traditional process algebras. Handbook of Truly Concurrent Process Algebra introduces several advanced extensions and applications of truly concurrent process algebras. Part 1: Algebraic Theory for Reversible Computing provides readers with all aspects of algebraic theory for reversible computing, including the basis of semantics, calculi for reversible computing, and axiomatization for reversible computing. Part 2: Probabilistic Process Algebra for True Concurrency provides readers with all aspects of probabilistic process algebra for true concurrency, including the basis of semantics, calculi for probabilistic computing, axiomatization for probabilistic computing, as well as mobile calculi for probabilistic computing. Part 3: Actors - A Process Algebra-Based Approach bridges the two concurrent models, process algebra and actors, by capturing the actor model in the following characteristics: Concurrency, Asynchrony, Uniqueness, Concentration, Communication Dependency, Abstraction, and Persistence. Part 4: Secure Process Algebra demonstrates the advantages of process algebra in verifying security protocols - it has a firmly theoretic foundation and rich expressive powers to describe security protocols. Part 5: Verification of Patterns formalizes software patterns according to the categories of the patterns and verifies the correctness of patterns based on truly concurrent process algebra. Every pattern is detailed according to a regular format to be understood and utilized easily, which includes introduction to a pattern and its verifications. Patterns of the vertical domains are also provided, including the domains of networked objects and resource management. To help readers develop and implement the software patterns scientifically, the pattern languages are also presented. Presents all aspects of full algebraic reversible computing, including the basis of semantics, calculi for full reversible computing, and axiomatization for full reversible computing Introduces algebraic properties and laws for probabilistic computing, one of the foundational concepts of Computer Science Presents the calculi for probabilistic computing, including the basis of semantics and calculi for reversible computing.

Computer multitasking --- Algebra. --- Mathematics.

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Computer multitasking --- Operating systems (Computers) --- Computer multitasking. --- Operating systems (Computers). --- Multitasking --- Windows nt

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Programming --- Parallel programming (Computer science) --- Electronic data processing --- Computer multitasking

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Application software --- Computer multitasking. --- Programming languages (Electronic computers) --- Development.