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The second volume is devoted to issues of compositionality that arouse in the sciences of language, the investigation of the mind, and the modeling of representational brain functions. How could compositional languages evolve? How many sentences are needed to learn a compositional language? How does compositionality relate to the interpretation of texts, the generation of idioms and metaphors, and the understanding of aberrant expressions? What psychological mechanism underlies the combination of complex concepts? And finally, what neuronal structure can possibly realize a compositional system of mental representations?

Compositionality (Linguistics) --- Linguistics. --- Linguistic science --- Science of language --- Language and languages --- Composition (Linguistics) --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Semantics --- Hierarchy (Linguistics)

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Compositionality (Linguistics) --- Semantics. --- Formal semantics --- Semasiology --- Semiology (Semantics) --- Comparative linguistics --- Information theory --- Language and languages --- Lexicology --- Meaning (Psychology) --- Composition (Linguistics) --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Semantics --- Hierarchy (Linguistics)

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In this book leading scholars from every relevant field report on all aspects of compositionality, the notion that the meaning of an expression can be derived from its parts. Understanding how compositionality works is a central element of syntactic and semantic analysis and a challenge for models of cognition. It is a key concept in linguistics and philosophy and in the cognitive sciences more generally, and is without question one of the most exciting fields in the study of language and mind. The authors of this book report critically on lines of research in different disciplines, revealing the connections between them and highlighting current problems and opportunities. The force and justification of compositionality have long been contentious. First proposed by Frege as the notion that the meaning of an expression is generally determined by the meaning and syntax of its components, it has since been deployed as a constraint on the relation between theories of syntax and semantics, as a means of analysis, and more recently as underlying the structures of representational systems, such as computer programs and neural architectures. The Oxford Handbook of Compositionality explores these and many other dimensions of this challenging field. It will appeal to researchers and advanced students in linguistics and philosophy and to everyone concerned with the study of language and cognition including those working in neuroscience, computational science, and bio-informatics.

Lexicology. Semantics --- Psycholinguistics --- Grammar --- Philosophy of language --- Compositionality (Linguistics) --- Compositionnalité --- Sémantique --- 801.56 --- Syntaxis. Semantiek --- 801.56 Syntaxis. Semantiek --- Composition (Linguistics) --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Semantics --- Hierarchy (Linguistics) --- Sémantique. --- Compositionnalité.

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Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, das sogenannte Kompositionalitätsprinzip systematisch auf die Substantivkomposition anzuwenden und zu untersuchen, ob das semantische Prinzip als hinreichende Voraussetzung für das Verständnis unbekannter Benennungseinheiten gelten kann. Im Zentrum steht dabei die Frage, inwieweit sich die Bedeutung eines Substantivkompositums mit zwei nominalen Elementen aus den Bedeutungen seiner Konstituenten ,errechnen' lässt und welche semantischen Eigenschaften die Anwendbarkeit des Kompositionalitätsprinzips begünstigen bzw. verhindern. Anhand verschiedener empirischer Untersuchungen kann gezeigt werden, dass eine Reformulierung des Kompositionalitätsprinzips vorgenommen werden muss, wenn dem semantischen Prinzip ein heuristischer Nutzen bei der Kompositadekodierung zugesprochen werden soll. Das Datenmaterial zeigt darüber hinaus die Notwendigkeit auf, dass die Theorie der Komposition modifiziert werden muss. Nur so kann sie zukünftig auch die Bedeutungen von solchen Komposita erklären, die gängigen Theorien zufolge als ,irregulär' gelten, weil sie beispielsweise über ein umgekehrtes Determinationsverhältnis verfügen oder weil in ihnen Negation elliptifiziert wird.

Lexicology. Semantics --- German language --- Langue allemande --- --Allemand (langue) --- Allemand (langue) --- Noms --- Mots composés --- Nominals. --- Composition. --- Noun. --- Semantic. --- Languages & Literatures --- Philology & Linguistics --- Compositionality (Linguistics) --- Composition (Linguistics) --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Semantics --- Hierarchy (Linguistics) --- Noms. --- Mots composés. --- E-books --- --Compositionality (Linguistics) --- Meaning. --- Principle of Composition. --- Semantics. --- Understanding Language.

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The basic claims of traditional truth-conditional semantics are that the semantic interpretation of a sentence is connected to the truth of that sentence in a situation, and that the meaning of the sentence is derived compositionally from the semantic values meaning of its constituents and the rules that combine them. Both claims have been subject to an intense debate in linguistics and philosophy of language. The original research papers collected in this volume test the boundaries of this classic view from a linguistic and a philosophical point of view by investigating the foundational notions of composition, values and interpretation and their relation to the interfaces to other disciplines. They take the classical theories one step further and closer to a realistic semantic theory that covers speaker’s intentions, the knowledge of discourse participants, meaning of fiction and literature, as well as vague and paradoxical utterances. Ede Zimmermann is a pioneering researcher in semantics whose students, friends, and colleagues have collected in this volume an impressive set of studies at the interfaces of semantics. How do meanings interact with the context and with intentions and beliefs of the people conversing? How do meanings interact with other meanings in an extended discourse? How can there be paradoxical meanings? Researchers interested in semantics, pragmatics, philosophy of language, anyone interested in foundational and empirical issues of meaning, will find inspiration and instruction in this wonderful volume. Kai von Fintel, MIT Department of Linguistics

Semantics. --- Compositionality (Linguistics) --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Conditionals (Grammar) --- Hypothetical clauses (Grammar) --- Protasis (Grammar) --- Formal semantics --- Semasiology --- Semiology (Semantics) --- Comparative linguistics --- Information theory --- Language and languages --- Lexicology --- Meaning (Psychology) --- Composition (Linguistics) --- Semantics --- Hierarchy (Linguistics) --- Conditionals. --- Conditional clauses --- Conditional constructions --- Conditional sentences --- Hypothetical clauses --- Protasis --- Mood --- Sentences --- Linguistics --- Philology