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Five papers by distinguished American and European mathematicians describe some current trends in mathematics in the perspective of the recent past and in terms of expectations for the future. Among the subjects discussed are algebraic groups, quadratic forms, topological aspects of global analysis, variants of the index theorem, and partial differential equations.

Mathematics --- Mathématiques --- Congresses --- Congrès --- 51 --- -Math --- Science --- Congresses. --- -Mathematics --- 51 Mathematics --- -51 Mathematics --- Math --- Mathématiques --- Congrès --- A priori estimate. --- Addition. --- Additive group. --- Affine space. --- Algebraic geometry. --- Algebraic group. --- Atiyah–Singer index theorem. --- Bernoulli number. --- Boundary value problem. --- Bounded operator. --- C*-algebra. --- Canonical transformation. --- Cauchy problem. --- Characteristic class. --- Clifford algebra. --- Coefficient. --- Cohomology. --- Commutative property. --- Commutative ring. --- Complex manifold. --- Complex number. --- Complex vector bundle. --- Dedekind sum. --- Degenerate bilinear form. --- Diagram (category theory). --- Diffeomorphism. --- Differentiable manifold. --- Differential operator. --- Dimension (vector space). --- Ellipse. --- Elliptic operator. --- Equation. --- Euler characteristic. --- Euler number. --- Existence theorem. --- Exotic sphere. --- Finite difference. --- Finite group. --- Fourier integral operator. --- Fourier transform. --- Fourier. --- Fredholm operator. --- Hardy space. --- Hilbert space. --- Holomorphic vector bundle. --- Homogeneous coordinates. --- Homomorphism. --- Homotopy. --- Hyperbolic partial differential equation. --- Identity component. --- Integer. --- Integral transform. --- Isomorphism class. --- John Milnor. --- K-theory. --- Lebesgue measure. --- Line bundle. --- Local ring. --- Mathematics. --- Maximal ideal. --- Modular form. --- Module (mathematics). --- Monoid. --- Normal bundle. --- Number theory. --- Open set. --- Parametrix. --- Parity (mathematics). --- Partial differential equation. --- Piecewise linear manifold. --- Poisson bracket. --- Polynomial ring. --- Polynomial. --- Prime number. --- Principal part. --- Projective space. --- Pseudo-differential operator. --- Quadratic form. --- Rational variety. --- Real number. --- Reciprocity law. --- Resolution of singularities. --- Riemann–Roch theorem. --- Shift operator. --- Simply connected space. --- Special case. --- Square-integrable function. --- Subalgebra. --- Submanifold. --- Support (mathematics). --- Surjective function. --- Symmetric bilinear form. --- Symplectic vector space. --- Tangent space. --- Theorem. --- Topology. --- Variable (mathematics). --- Vector bundle. --- Vector space. --- Winding number. --- Mathematics - Congresses

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The classical uniformization theorem for Riemann surfaces and its recent extensions can be viewed as introducing special pseudogroup structures, affine or projective structures, on Riemann surfaces. In fact, the additional structures involved can be considered as local forms of the uniformizations of Riemann surfaces. In this study, Robert Gunning discusses the corresponding pseudogroup structures on higher-dimensional complex manifolds, modeled on the theory as developed for Riemann surfaces.Originally published in 1978.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Analytical spaces --- Differential geometry. Global analysis --- Complex manifolds --- Connections (Mathematics) --- Pseudogroups --- Mathematics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Calculus --- Global analysis (Mathematics) --- Lie groups --- Geometry, Differential --- Analytic spaces --- Manifolds (Mathematics) --- Adjunction formula. --- Affine connection. --- Affine transformation. --- Algebraic surface. --- Algebraic torus. --- Algebraic variety. --- Analytic continuation. --- Analytic function. --- Automorphic function. --- Automorphism. --- Bilinear form. --- Canonical bundle. --- Characterization (mathematics). --- Cohomology. --- Compact Riemann surface. --- Complex Lie group. --- Complex analysis. --- Complex dimension. --- Complex manifold. --- Complex multiplication. --- Complex number. --- Complex plane. --- Complex torus. --- Complex vector bundle. --- Contraction mapping. --- Covariant derivative. --- Differentiable function. --- Differentiable manifold. --- Differential equation. --- Differential form. --- Differential geometry. --- Differential operator. --- Dimension (vector space). --- Dimension. --- Elliptic operator. --- Elliptic surface. --- Enriques surface. --- Equation. --- Existential quantification. --- Explicit formula. --- Explicit formulae (L-function). --- Exterior derivative. --- Fiber bundle. --- General linear group. --- Geometric genus. --- Group homomorphism. --- Hausdorff space. --- Holomorphic function. --- Homomorphism. --- Identity matrix. --- Invariant subspace. --- Invertible matrix. --- Irreducible representation. --- Jacobian matrix and determinant. --- K3 surface. --- Kähler manifold. --- Lie algebra representation. --- Lie algebra. --- Line bundle. --- Linear equation. --- Linear map. --- Linear space (geometry). --- Linear subspace. --- Manifold. --- Mathematical analysis. --- Mathematical induction. --- Ordinary differential equation. --- Partial differential equation. --- Permutation. --- Polynomial. --- Principal bundle. --- Projection (linear algebra). --- Projective connection. --- Projective line. --- Pseudogroup. --- Quadratic transformation. --- Quotient space (topology). --- Representation theory. --- Riemann surface. --- Riemann–Roch theorem. --- Schwarzian derivative. --- Sheaf (mathematics). --- Special case. --- Subalgebra. --- Subgroup. --- Submanifold. --- Symmetric tensor. --- Symmetrization. --- Tangent bundle. --- Tangent space. --- Tensor field. --- Tensor product. --- Tensor. --- Theorem. --- Topological manifold. --- Uniformization theorem. --- Uniformization. --- Unit (ring theory). --- Vector bundle. --- Vector space. --- Fonctions de plusieurs variables complexes --- Variétés complexes

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Nilpotence and Periodicity in Stable Homotopy Theory describes some major advances made in algebraic topology in recent years, centering on the nilpotence and periodicity theorems, which were conjectured by the author in 1977 and proved by Devinatz, Hopkins, and Smith in 1985. During the last ten years a number of significant advances have been made in homotopy theory, and this book fills a real need for an up-to-date text on that topic. Ravenel's first few chapters are written with a general mathematical audience in mind. They survey both the ideas that lead up to the theorems and their applications to homotopy theory. The book begins with some elementary concepts of homotopy theory that are needed to state the problem. This includes such notions as homotopy, homotopy equivalence, CW-complex, and suspension. Next the machinery of complex cobordism, Morava K-theory, and formal group laws in characteristic p are introduced. The latter portion of the book provides specialists with a coherent and rigorous account of the proofs. It includes hitherto unpublished material on the smash product and chromatic convergence theorems and on modular representations of the symmetric group.

Homotopie --- Homotopy theory --- Homotopy theory. --- Deformations, Continuous --- Topology --- Abelian category. --- Abelian group. --- Adams spectral sequence. --- Additive category. --- Affine space. --- Algebra homomorphism. --- Algebraic closure. --- Algebraic structure. --- Algebraic topology (object). --- Algebraic topology. --- Algebraic variety. --- Algebraically closed field. --- Atiyah–Hirzebruch spectral sequence. --- Automorphism. --- Boolean algebra (structure). --- CW complex. --- Canonical map. --- Cantor set. --- Category of topological spaces. --- Category theory. --- Classification theorem. --- Classifying space. --- Cohomology operation. --- Cohomology. --- Cokernel. --- Commutative algebra. --- Commutative ring. --- Complex projective space. --- Complex vector bundle. --- Computation. --- Conjecture. --- Conjugacy class. --- Continuous function. --- Contractible space. --- Coproduct. --- Differentiable manifold. --- Disjoint union. --- Division algebra. --- Equation. --- Explicit formulae (L-function). --- Functor. --- G-module. --- Groupoid. --- Homology (mathematics). --- Homomorphism. --- Homotopy category. --- Homotopy group. --- Homotopy. --- Hopf algebra. --- Hurewicz theorem. --- Inclusion map. --- Infinite product. --- Integer. --- Inverse limit. --- Irreducible representation. --- Isomorphism class. --- K-theory. --- Loop space. --- Mapping cone (homological algebra). --- Mathematical induction. --- Modular representation theory. --- Module (mathematics). --- Monomorphism. --- Moore space. --- Morava K-theory. --- Morphism. --- N-sphere. --- Noetherian ring. --- Noetherian. --- Noncommutative ring. --- Number theory. --- P-adic number. --- Piecewise linear manifold. --- Polynomial ring. --- Polynomial. --- Power series. --- Prime number. --- Principal ideal domain. --- Profinite group. --- Reduced homology. --- Ring (mathematics). --- Ring homomorphism. --- Ring spectrum. --- Simplicial complex. --- Simply connected space. --- Smash product. --- Special case. --- Spectral sequence. --- Steenrod algebra. --- Sub"ient. --- Subalgebra. --- Subcategory. --- Subring. --- Symmetric group. --- Tensor product. --- Theorem. --- Topological space. --- Topology. --- Vector bundle. --- Zariski topology.

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The recent introduction of the Seiberg-Witten invariants of smooth four-manifolds has revolutionized the study of those manifolds. The invariants are gauge-theoretic in nature and are close cousins of the much-studied SU(2)-invariants defined over fifteen years ago by Donaldson. On a practical level, the new invariants have proved to be more powerful and have led to a vast generalization of earlier results. This book is an introduction to the Seiberg-Witten invariants. The work begins with a review of the classical material on Spin c structures and their associated Dirac operators. Next comes a discussion of the Seiberg-Witten equations, which is set in the context of nonlinear elliptic operators on an appropriate infinite dimensional space of configurations. It is demonstrated that the space of solutions to these equations, called the Seiberg-Witten moduli space, is finite dimensional, and its dimension is then computed. In contrast to the SU(2)-case, the Seiberg-Witten moduli spaces are shown to be compact. The Seiberg-Witten invariant is then essentially the homology class in the space of configurations represented by the Seiberg-Witten moduli space. The last chapter gives a flavor for the applications of these new invariants by computing the invariants for most Kahler surfaces and then deriving some basic toological consequences for these surfaces.

Four-manifolds (Topology) --- Seiberg-Witten invariants. --- Mathematical physics. --- Physical mathematics --- Physics --- Invariants --- 4-dimensional manifolds (Topology) --- 4-manifolds (Topology) --- Four dimensional manifolds (Topology) --- Manifolds, Four dimensional --- Low-dimensional topology --- Topological manifolds --- Mathematics --- Affine space. --- Affine transformation. --- Algebra bundle. --- Algebraic surface. --- Almost complex manifold. --- Automorphism. --- Banach space. --- Clifford algebra. --- Cohomology. --- Cokernel. --- Complex dimension. --- Complex manifold. --- Complex plane. --- Complex projective space. --- Complex vector bundle. --- Complexification (Lie group). --- Computation. --- Configuration space. --- Conjugate transpose. --- Covariant derivative. --- Curvature form. --- Curvature. --- Differentiable manifold. --- Differential topology. --- Dimension (vector space). --- Dirac equation. --- Dirac operator. --- Division algebra. --- Donaldson theory. --- Duality (mathematics). --- Eigenvalues and eigenvectors. --- Elliptic operator. --- Elliptic surface. --- Equation. --- Fiber bundle. --- Frenet–Serret formulas. --- Gauge fixing. --- Gauge theory. --- Gaussian curvature. --- Geometry. --- Group homomorphism. --- Hilbert space. --- Hodge index theorem. --- Homology (mathematics). --- Homotopy. --- Identity (mathematics). --- Implicit function theorem. --- Intersection form (4-manifold). --- Inverse function theorem. --- Isomorphism class. --- K3 surface. --- Kähler manifold. --- Levi-Civita connection. --- Lie algebra. --- Line bundle. --- Linear map. --- Linear space (geometry). --- Linearization. --- Manifold. --- Mathematical induction. --- Moduli space. --- Multiplication theorem. --- Neighbourhood (mathematics). --- One-form. --- Open set. --- Orientability. --- Orthonormal basis. --- Parameter space. --- Parametric equation. --- Parity (mathematics). --- Partial derivative. --- Principal bundle. --- Projection (linear algebra). --- Pullback (category theory). --- Quadratic form. --- Quaternion algebra. --- Quotient space (topology). --- Riemann surface. --- Riemannian manifold. --- Sard's theorem. --- Sign (mathematics). --- Sobolev space. --- Spin group. --- Spin representation. --- Spin structure. --- Spinor field. --- Subgroup. --- Submanifold. --- Surjective function. --- Symplectic geometry. --- Symplectic manifold. --- Tangent bundle. --- Tangent space. --- Tensor product. --- Theorem. --- Three-dimensional space (mathematics). --- Trace (linear algebra). --- Transversality (mathematics). --- Two-form. --- Zariski tangent space.

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This book offers a systematic and comprehensive presentation of the concepts of a spin manifold, spinor fields, Dirac operators, and A-genera, which, over the last two decades, have come to play a significant role in many areas of modern mathematics. Since the deeper applications of these ideas require various general forms of the Atiyah-Singer Index Theorem, the theorems and their proofs, together with all prerequisite material, are examined here in detail. The exposition is richly embroidered with examples and applications to a wide spectrum of problems in differential geometry, topology, and mathematical physics. The authors consistently use Clifford algebras and their representations in this exposition. Clifford multiplication and Dirac operator identities are even used in place of the standard tensor calculus. This unique approach unifies all the standard elliptic operators in geometry and brings fresh insights into curvature calculations. The fundamental relationships of Clifford modules to such topics as the theory of Lie groups, K-theory, KR-theory, and Bott Periodicity also receive careful consideration. A special feature of this book is the development of the theory of Cl-linear elliptic operators and the associated index theorem, which connects certain subtle spin-corbordism invariants to classical questions in geometry and has led to some of the most profound relations known between the curvature and topology of manifolds.

Algebres de Clifford --- Clifford [Algebra's van ] --- Clifford algebras --- Fysica [Mathematische ] --- Fysica [Wiskundige ] --- Mathematische fysica --- Physics -- Mathematics --- Physics [Mathematical ] --- Physique -- Mathématiques --- Physique -- Méthodes mathématiques --- Wiskundige fysica --- Clifford, Algèbres de --- Spin, Nuclear --- Geometric algebras --- Clifford algebras. --- Spin geometry. --- Clifford, Algèbres de --- Spin geometry --- 514.76 --- Algebras, Linear --- 514.76 Geometry of differentiable manifolds and of their submanifolds --- Geometry of differentiable manifolds and of their submanifolds --- Global differential geometry --- Geometry --- Mathematical physics --- Topology --- Nuclear spin --- -Mathematics --- Géométrie --- Physique mathématique --- Spin nucléaire --- Topologie --- Mathematics --- Mathématiques --- Algebraic theory. --- Atiyah–Singer index theorem. --- Automorphism. --- Betti number. --- Binary icosahedral group. --- Binary octahedral group. --- Bundle metric. --- C*-algebra. --- Calabi conjecture. --- Calabi–Yau manifold. --- Cartesian product. --- Classification theorem. --- Clifford algebra. --- Cobordism. --- Cohomology ring. --- Cohomology. --- Cokernel. --- Complete metric space. --- Complex manifold. --- Complex vector bundle. --- Complexification (Lie group). --- Covering space. --- Diffeomorphism. --- Differential topology. --- Dimension (vector space). --- Dimension. --- Dirac operator. --- Disk (mathematics). --- Dolbeault cohomology. --- Einstein field equations. --- Elliptic operator. --- Equivariant K-theory. --- Exterior algebra. --- Fiber bundle. --- Fixed-point theorem. --- Fourier inversion theorem. --- Fundamental group. --- Gauge theory. --- Geometry. --- Hilbert scheme. --- Holonomy. --- Homotopy sphere. --- Homotopy. --- Hyperbolic manifold. --- Induced homomorphism. --- Intersection form (4-manifold). --- Isomorphism class. --- J-invariant. --- K-theory. --- Kähler manifold. --- Laplace operator. --- Lie algebra. --- Lorentz covariance. --- Lorentz group. --- Manifold. --- Mathematical induction. --- Metric connection. --- Minkowski space. --- Module (mathematics). --- N-sphere. --- Operator (physics). --- Orthonormal basis. --- Principal bundle. --- Projective space. --- Pseudo-Riemannian manifold. --- Pseudo-differential operator. --- Quadratic form. --- Quaternion. --- Quaternionic projective space. --- Ricci curvature. --- Riemann curvature tensor. --- Riemannian geometry. --- Riemannian manifold. --- Ring homomorphism. --- Scalar curvature. --- Scalar multiplication. --- Sign (mathematics). --- Space form. --- Sphere theorem. --- Spin representation. --- Spin structure. --- Spinor bundle. --- Spinor field. --- Spinor. --- Subgroup. --- Support (mathematics). --- Symplectic geometry. --- Tangent bundle. --- Tangent space. --- Tensor calculus. --- Tensor product. --- Theorem. --- Topology. --- Unit disk. --- Unit sphere. --- Variable (mathematics). --- Vector bundle. --- Vector field. --- Vector space. --- Volume form. --- Nuclear spin - - Mathematics --- -Clifford algebras. --- -Geometry