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This volume, of a two volume set on ionic liquids, focuses on the applications of ionic liquids in a growing range of areas. Throughout the 1990s, it seemed that most of the attention in the area of ionic liquids applications was directed toward their use as solvents for organic and transition-metal-catalyzed reactions. Certainly, this interest continues on to the present date, but the most innovative uses of ionic liquids span a much more diverse field than just synthesis. Some of the main topics of coverage include the application of RTILs in various electronic applications (batteries, capacitors, and light-emitting materials), polymers (synthesis and functionalization), nanomaterials (synthesis and stabilization), and separations. More unusual applications can be noted in the fields of biomass utilization, spectroscopy, optics, lubricants, fuels, and refrigerants. It is hoped that the diversity of this volume will serve as an inspiration for even further advances in the use of RTILs.

Amorphous substances. --- Complex fluids. --- Complex liquids --- Fluids, Complex --- Amorphous substances --- Liquids --- Soft condensed matter --- Physical Sciences --- Engineering and Technology --- Materials Science --- Fluid Dynamics --- Fluid Mechanics

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Physics --- Mechanics --- rheologie --- Rheology --- Complex fluids --- Deformations (Mechanics) --- Complex fluids. --- Rheology. --- Colloids --- Elasticity --- Plasticity --- Viscosity --- Complex liquids --- Fluids, Complex --- Amorphous substances --- Liquids --- Soft condensed matter --- Elastic solids --- Strains and stresses --- Structural failures --- Reologia --- Fluids complexos --- Deformacions (Mecànica)

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This successor to the popular textbook, “Polymer Physics” (Springer, 1999), is the result of a quarter-century of teaching experience as well as critical comments from specialists in the various sub-fields, resulting in better explanations and more complete coverage of key topics. With a new chapter on polymer synthesis, the perspective has been broadened significantly to encompass all of polymer science. Polysaccharides and proteins are included in essentially all chapters, while polyelectrolytes are new to the second edition. Cheap computing power has greatly expanded the role of simulation and modeling in the past two decades, which is reflected in many of the chapters. A supplementary chapter on basic thermodynamics is based on a course that the senior author has taught for seven years. Additional problems and carefully prepared graphics aid in understanding. Two principles are key to the textbook’s appeal: 1) Students learn that, independent of the origin of the polymer, synthetic or native, the same general laws apply, and 2) students should benefit from the book without an extensive knowledge of mathematics. Taking the reader from the basics to an advanced level of understanding, the text meets the needs of a wide range of students in chemistry, physics, materials science, biotechnology, and civil engineering, and is suitable for both masters- and doctoral-level students. Praise for the previous edition: ...an excellent book, well written, authoritative, clear and concise, and copiously illustrated with appropriate line drawings, graphs and tables. - Polymer International ...an extremely useful book. It is a pleasure to recommend it to physical chemists and materials scientists, as well as physicists interested in the properties of polymeric materials. - Polymer News This valuable book is ideal for those who wish to get a brief background in polymer science as well as for those who seek a further grounding in the subject. - Colloid Polymer Science The solutions to the exercises are given in the final chapter, making it a well thought-out teaching text. - Polymer Science.

Soft and Granular Matter, Complex Fluids and Microfluidics. --- Polymer Sciences. --- Amorphous substances. --- Complex fluids. --- Polymers  . --- Polymere --- Polymeride --- Polymers and polymerization --- Macromolecules --- Complex liquids --- Fluids, Complex --- Amorphous substances --- Liquids --- Soft condensed matter --- Polymers.

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This important and timely book deals with the theoretical and experimental investigation of the phase transitions which occur in complex fluid systems, namely lyotropic systems, microemulsions, colloids, biological membranes, and ferrofluids. It contains 17-odd review papers from the major contributors to this rapidly growing field of research, summarizing the main results obtained in the description and understanding of the phase transitions taking place between the isotropic, nematic, cholesteric, lamellar, hexagonal, and cubic mesophases of complex fluids.

Complex fluids. --- Phase transformations (Statistical physics) --- Phase changes (Statistical physics) --- Phase transitions (Statistical physics) --- Phase rule and equilibrium --- Statistical physics --- Complex liquids --- Fluids, Complex --- Amorphous substances --- Liquids --- Soft condensed matter

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It is generally accepted that a new material is often developed by ?nding a new synthesis method of reaction or a new reaction catalyst. Historically, a typical example may be referred to as a Ziegler–Natta catalyst, which has allowed large-scale production of petroleum-based polyole?ns since the middle of the 20th century. New polymer synthesis, therefore, will hopefully lead to creation of new polymer materials in the 21st century. This special issue contributed by three groups focuses on recent advances in polymer synthesis methods, which handle the cutting-edge aspects of the advanced technology. The ?rst article by Yokozawa and coworkers contains an overview of the - action control in various condensation polymerizations (polycondensations). Advanced technologies enabled the control of stereochemistry (regio-, g- metrical-, and enantio-selections), chemoselectivity, chain topology, and st- chiometry of monomers, giving a high molecular weight polymer. It has been recognized for a long time, however, that polycondensation is a dif?cult p- cess in controlling the reaction pathway, because the reaction is of step-growth and the reactivity of monomers, oligomers, and polymers are almost the same during the reaction and hence, the molecular weight of polymers and its d- tribution (M /M ) are impossible to regulate. The authors’ group developed w n a new reaction system (chain-growth condensation polymerization), changing the nature of polycondensation from step-growth to chain-growth; namely the propagating chain-end is active, allowing for control of the product molecular weight as well as the distribution.

Polymerization. --- Polymerisation --- Polymers --- Polymers and polymerization --- Synthesis of polymers --- Chemical reactions --- Synthesis --- Polymers. --- Chemistry, Organic. --- Polymer Sciences. --- Soft and Granular Matter, Complex Fluids and Microfluidics. --- Organic Chemistry. --- Organic chemistry --- Chemistry --- Polymere --- Polymeride --- Macromolecules --- Polymers  . --- Amorphous substances. --- Complex fluids. --- Organic chemistry. --- Complex liquids --- Fluids, Complex --- Amorphous substances --- Liquids --- Soft condensed matter