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The emperors of the Komnenian dynasty orchestrated the economic and military renewal of the Byzantine Empire. In 1081, Alexios I became emperor of a bankrupt and diminished empire. In 1180, Manuel I ruled the most powerful state in the eastern Mediterranean, capable of sending expeditions to Egypt, Hungary, Italy, and Palestine. This study examines how the Komnenian emperors restored the Byzantine state by building a professional army of mercenaries and Byzantine citizens. It examines the army's ethnic composition, tactics, equipment, and its financial support. Finally, it examines the army in battle. This is the only study of the Byzantine army during the privotal twelfth century. It provides an explanation for the complex Byzantine political and military problems of the eleventh and twelfth centuries, as well as another perspective on the European crusading movement.

Comneni Dynasty (Byzantine Empire) --- Comneni dynasty, --- Byzantine Empire --- History --- History, Military

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Emperors --- Nobility --- Genealogy. --- Genealogy --- Angelo family --- Comneni dynasty, --- Byzantine Empire --- Empire byzantin --- History --- Histoire

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Eleventh century --- Byzantine Empire - History - 1025-1081. --- Byzantine Empire - History - Comneni Dynasty, 1081-1185.

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Nikephoros Bryennios' history of the Byzantine Empire in the 1070s is a story of civil war and aristocratic rebellion in the midst of the Turkish conquest of Anatolia. Commonly remembered as the passive and unambitious husband of Princess Anna Komnene (author of the Alexiad), Bryennios is revealed as a skilled author whose history draws on cultural memories of classical Roman honor and proper masculinity to evaluate the politicians of the 1070s and implicitly to exhort his twelfth-century contemporaries to honorable behavior. Bryennios' story valorizes the memory of his grandfather and other honorable, but failed, generals of the eleventh century while subtly portraying the victorious Alexios Komnenos as un-Roman. This reading of the Material for History sheds new light on twelfth-century Byzantine culture and politics, especially the contested accession of John Komnenos, the relationship between Bryennios' history and the Alexiad and the function of cultural memories of Roman honor in Byzantium.

HISTORY / Europe / General. --- Bryennius, Nicephorus, --- Comneni dynasty, --- Byzantine Empire --- History --- Europe --- General. --- HISTORY / Europe / General --- History. --- Arts and Humanities

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These essays survey the range of historical sources from the peoples who collided with the Byzantine Empire during this period of dramatic upheaval. The Empire that had been expanded and consolidated by Basil II (d. 1025) was to disintegrate in the face of incursions from the north and Muslim east. In addition, pilgrims and crusaders from the west passed through the Empire and settled - culminating in the capture of Constantinople by the Fourth Crusade in 1204. In order to understand the history of the region during this period, one must be aware of the rich source material created by these shifting populations, in a wide range of languages, and with differing traditions of historical writing. The fourteen essays give an overview of the material, highlighting any problems the historian may have in dealing with it, and provide detailed bibliographical surveys. Latin, Arabic, Jewish, Slavonic, Georgian, Armenian and Syriac sources are all discussed. This invaluable reference work offers new approaches for all those working on the meeting of the Christian and Muslim worlds in this period.

Crusades --- Sources. --- Byzantine Empire --- History --- Sources --- Crusades - Sources --- Byzantine Empire - History - 1025-1081 - Sources --- Byzantine Empire - History - Comneni dynasty, 1081-1185 - Sources --- Byzantine Empire - History - Angeli, 1185-1204 - Sources --- Croisades --- Historiography --- Historiographie --- Empire byzantin --- Foreign relations --- Histoire --- Relations extérieures