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This article examines the effect of water pricing policies on farmers' water saving behaviors, using original water user group (WUG) data from a reservoir irrigation system in China. The introduction of volumetric water pricing at the group level, to replace area-based pricing, induces institutional change to prevent each member's overuse of water when the volumetric price levels are moderate. Depending on the initial conditions, the multiple pathways of change lead to new institutional arrangements, with all of them contributing to water savings. However, when the price is set high enough, many farmers exit a WUG for private irrigation. This tendency is associated with an increased probability that the remaining members do not undertake institutional change and that they do not end up saving water. This may be due to the increased management difficulties among the remaining members whose fields are separated by former members who have now opted out for private irrigation across the WUG. As a result, we do not find evidence that the reservoir water is saved at high volumetric price levels.
Collective action --- Common pool resource management --- Institutional change --- Irrigation --- Social capital --- Town water supply and sanitation --- Water & industry --- Water conservation --- Water price --- Water resources --- Water supply & systems --- Water supply and sanitation --- Water supply and sanitation governance and institutions
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Conflicts in forest management are unavoidable because of the large temporal and spatial scales characteristic of forests ecosystems and the large number of actors involved. Forests are multifunctional ecosystems par excellence, and it can be hypothesized that current public policies, and especially those labeled as societal transitions, can affect this widespread holistic management goal. In this Special Issue, the different contributions by the authors raise the questions of how different types of conflicts arise and what alternatives exist to solve those conflicts. The Issue contains examples from both temperate and tropical forests and addresses, for instance, conflicts arising from REDD+ programs, the declaration of new protected areas, the complexity of negotiating carbon offset targets, the loss of local knowledge because of demographic trends, and meeting biodiversity and biomass targets simultaneously, among others. We present a general typology of sources of conflicts because of two dimensions: a vertical dimension represented by bottom-up versus top-down approaches and a horizontal dimension arising by ecosystem extent and ownership boundaries. Awareness that new policies can be a source of unexpected conflicts calls for precaution while testing new ‘transition’ approaches.
Research. --- Forestry. --- forest planning and management --- rural community sustainability --- ecosystem services --- forest sociology --- forestry in the media --- forest vulnerability --- adaptive capacity --- multiple-use land management --- conflicting perspectives --- natural processes --- high-yield silviculture --- forest management --- multifunctionality --- carbon offset --- collective action --- conflict avoidance --- mitigation --- payment for ecosystem services --- social-ecological --- France --- protected areas establishment --- stakeholder participation --- landscape protection --- qualitative research --- Soutok Protected Landscape Area (Czech Republic) --- REDD+ --- conflict --- forests --- land tenure --- political ecology --- ecological unit --- synergy/trade-off --- spatial structure --- attribute characteristics --- forest sustainability --- production forests --- environment forests --- carbon credit --- retention approach --- common-pool resource management --- local vs. global --- economic oligopoly --- panacea paradigm --- renewable energy --- sectoral organization --- CHANS --- globalization --- historical data --- socio-ecological frameworks --- dry-edge --- forest planning and management --- rural community sustainability --- ecosystem services --- forest sociology --- forestry in the media --- forest vulnerability --- adaptive capacity --- multiple-use land management --- conflicting perspectives --- natural processes --- high-yield silviculture --- forest management --- multifunctionality --- carbon offset --- collective action --- conflict avoidance --- mitigation --- payment for ecosystem services --- social-ecological --- France --- protected areas establishment --- stakeholder participation --- landscape protection --- qualitative research --- Soutok Protected Landscape Area (Czech Republic) --- REDD+ --- conflict --- forests --- land tenure --- political ecology --- ecological unit --- synergy/trade-off --- spatial structure --- attribute characteristics --- forest sustainability --- production forests --- environment forests --- carbon credit --- retention approach --- common-pool resource management --- local vs. global --- economic oligopoly --- panacea paradigm --- renewable energy --- sectoral organization --- CHANS --- globalization --- historical data --- socio-ecological frameworks --- dry-edge
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Conflicts in forest management are unavoidable because of the large temporal and spatial scales characteristic of forests ecosystems and the large number of actors involved. Forests are multifunctional ecosystems par excellence, and it can be hypothesized that current public policies, and especially those labeled as societal transitions, can affect this widespread holistic management goal. In this Special Issue, the different contributions by the authors raise the questions of how different types of conflicts arise and what alternatives exist to solve those conflicts. The Issue contains examples from both temperate and tropical forests and addresses, for instance, conflicts arising from REDD+ programs, the declaration of new protected areas, the complexity of negotiating carbon offset targets, the loss of local knowledge because of demographic trends, and meeting biodiversity and biomass targets simultaneously, among others. We present a general typology of sources of conflicts because of two dimensions: a vertical dimension represented by bottom-up versus top-down approaches and a horizontal dimension arising by ecosystem extent and ownership boundaries. Awareness that new policies can be a source of unexpected conflicts calls for precaution while testing new ‘transition’ approaches.
Research & information: general --- forest planning and management --- rural community sustainability --- ecosystem services --- forest sociology --- forestry in the media --- forest vulnerability --- adaptive capacity --- multiple-use land management --- conflicting perspectives --- natural processes --- high-yield silviculture --- forest management --- multifunctionality --- carbon offset --- collective action --- conflict avoidance --- mitigation --- payment for ecosystem services --- social-ecological --- France --- protected areas establishment --- stakeholder participation --- landscape protection --- qualitative research --- Soutok Protected Landscape Area (Czech Republic) --- REDD+ --- conflict --- forests --- land tenure --- political ecology --- ecological unit --- synergy/trade-off --- spatial structure --- attribute characteristics --- forest sustainability --- production forests --- environment forests --- carbon credit --- retention approach --- common-pool resource management --- local vs. global --- economic oligopoly --- panacea paradigm --- renewable energy --- sectoral organization --- CHANS --- globalization --- historical data --- socio-ecological frameworks --- dry-edge --- n/a --- Research. --- Forestry.
Choose an application
Conflicts in forest management are unavoidable because of the large temporal and spatial scales characteristic of forests ecosystems and the large number of actors involved. Forests are multifunctional ecosystems par excellence, and it can be hypothesized that current public policies, and especially those labeled as societal transitions, can affect this widespread holistic management goal. In this Special Issue, the different contributions by the authors raise the questions of how different types of conflicts arise and what alternatives exist to solve those conflicts. The Issue contains examples from both temperate and tropical forests and addresses, for instance, conflicts arising from REDD+ programs, the declaration of new protected areas, the complexity of negotiating carbon offset targets, the loss of local knowledge because of demographic trends, and meeting biodiversity and biomass targets simultaneously, among others. We present a general typology of sources of conflicts because of two dimensions: a vertical dimension represented by bottom-up versus top-down approaches and a horizontal dimension arising by ecosystem extent and ownership boundaries. Awareness that new policies can be a source of unexpected conflicts calls for precaution while testing new ‘transition’ approaches.
forest planning and management --- rural community sustainability --- ecosystem services --- forest sociology --- forestry in the media --- forest vulnerability --- adaptive capacity --- multiple-use land management --- conflicting perspectives --- natural processes --- high-yield silviculture --- forest management --- multifunctionality --- carbon offset --- collective action --- conflict avoidance --- mitigation --- payment for ecosystem services --- social-ecological --- France --- protected areas establishment --- stakeholder participation --- landscape protection --- qualitative research --- Soutok Protected Landscape Area (Czech Republic) --- REDD+ --- conflict --- forests --- land tenure --- political ecology --- ecological unit --- synergy/trade-off --- spatial structure --- attribute characteristics --- forest sustainability --- production forests --- environment forests --- carbon credit --- retention approach --- common-pool resource management --- local vs. global --- economic oligopoly --- panacea paradigm --- renewable energy --- sectoral organization --- CHANS --- globalization --- historical data --- socio-ecological frameworks --- dry-edge --- n/a --- Research. --- Forestry.
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