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Regulation has become a key form of state activity and an area of burgeoning academic concern, both in public law and economics. This text considers the central topics of regulation looking to theory as well as practice.
Trade regulation --- Independent regulatory commissions --- Commissions, Independent regulatory --- Commissions of the federal government --- Independent administrative agencies --- Independent agencies --- Quasi-judicial agencies --- Regulatory agencies --- Regulatory commissions --- Administrative agencies --- Administrative law --- Insurance commissioners
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This paper assesses and measures regulatory governance in 21 infrastructure regulators in Brazil. Regulatory Governance is decomposed into four main attributes: autonomy; decision-rules; means and tools; and accountability. A ranking is proposed and the main areas for improvement identified. A comparison of the proposed regulatory governance index and other indexes internationally available is performed. Section 2 sets up the analytical framework for the report, identifying key components of regulatory governance, namely, autonomy (political and financial), procedures for decision-making, tool
Capital --- Industrial economics --- Brazil --- Infrastructure (Economics) --- Independent regulatory commissions --- Public utilities --- Law and legislation --- Commissions, Independent regulatory --- Commissions of the federal government --- Independent administrative agencies --- Independent agencies --- Quasi-judicial agencies --- Regulatory agencies --- Regulatory commissions --- Administrative agencies --- Administrative law --- Insurance commissioners
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Hauptbeschreibung In allen ausdifferenzierten Gesellschaften sind die Organisation und die Erfüllung kollektiver Aufgaben zu bewältigen. Die Delegation an spezialisierte Organisationen stellt eine institutionelle Antwort auf die damit verbundenen Herausforderungen dar. Bekannte Beispiele sind Notenbanken und Wettbewerbsbehörden. Unabhängige Organisationen sind mächtige Akteure, die nicht nur Wissens- und Spezialisierungsvorteile nutzen, sondern ihre Macht auch gegen die Interessen der Gesellschaftsmitglieder einsetzen oder einzelne Gruppen bevorzugen können. In demokratischen System
Independent regulatory commissions. --- Commissions, Independent regulatory --- Commissions of the federal government --- Independent administrative agencies --- Independent agencies --- Quasi-judicial agencies --- Regulatory agencies --- Regulatory commissions --- Administrative agencies --- Administrative law --- Insurance commissioners
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Independent regulatory commissions --- 336.1 --- -Commissions, Independent regulatory --- Commissions of the federal government --- Independent administrative agencies --- Independent agencies --- Quasi-judicial agencies --- Regulatory agencies --- Regulatory commissions --- Administrative agencies --- Administrative law --- Insurance commissioners --- Public finance, government finance in general --- United States. President's Advisory Council on Executive Organization --- -Public finance, government finance in general --- 336.1 Public finance, government finance in general --- -336.1 Public finance, government finance in general --- Commissions, Independent regulatory --- United States. --- Ash Council --- Independent regulatory commissions - United States
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Regulators operate in a complex environment at the interface among public authorities, the private sector and end-users. As “referees” of the markets that provide water, energy, transport, communications, and financial services to citizens, they must balance competing wants and needs from different actors. This means that they must behave and act objectively, impartially, and consistently, without conflict of interest, bias or undue influence - in other words, independently. What distinguishes an independent regulator is not simply institutional design. Independence is also about finding the right balance between the appropriate and undue influence that can be exercised through the regulators’ daily interactions with ministries, regulated industries and end-users. This report identifies the critical points where undue influence can be exercised at different moments in the life of a regulator and discusses some of the avenues for developing a culture of independence, including through interactions with stakeholders, staffing and financing.
Public administration. --- Independent regulatory commissions. --- Commissions, Independent regulatory --- Commissions of the federal government --- Independent administrative agencies --- Independent agencies --- Quasi-judicial agencies --- Regulatory agencies --- Regulatory commissions --- Administrative agencies --- Administrative law --- Insurance commissioners --- Administration, Public --- Delivery of government services --- Government services, Delivery of --- Public management --- Public sector management --- Political science --- Decentralization in government --- Local government --- Public officers
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With reportedly over USD50 billion lost annually through graft and illicit practices, combating corruption in Africa has been challenging. However, laws and policies at the continental, regional and national levels have been promulgated and enacted by African leaders. These initiatives have included the establishment of anti-corruption agencies mandated to tackle graft at national level, as well as coordinate bodies at regional and continental levels to ensure the harmonisation of normative standards and the adoption of best practices in the fight against corruption. Yet, given the disparity between the apparent impunity enjoyed by public servants and the anti-corruption rhetoric of governments in the region, the effectiveness of these agencies is viewed with scepticism. This continent-wide study of anti-corruption agencies aims to gauge their relevance and effectiveness by assessing their independence, mandate, available resources, national ownership, capacities and strategic positioning. These surveys include evidence-based recommendations calling for stronger, more relevant and effective institutions that are directly aligned to regional and continental anti-corruption frameworks, such as the African Union Convention on Preventing and Combating Corruption (AUCPCC), which the three countries in this current report - Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda - have all ratified.
Corruption --- Misconduct in office --- Prevention. --- Malfeasance in office --- Misfeasance in office --- Official misconduct --- Corrupt practices --- Independent regulatory commissions --- Political corruption --- Boss rule --- Corruption (in politics) --- Graft in politics --- Malversation --- Political scandals --- Politics, Practical --- Commissions, Independent regulatory --- Commissions of the federal government --- Independent administrative agencies --- Independent agencies --- Quasi-judicial agencies --- Regulatory agencies --- Regulatory commissions --- Administrative agencies --- Administrative law --- Insurance commissioners --- Evaluation. --- Administrative responsibility --- Ethics
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This text provides a full-length study of the structure and workings of federal independent regulatory agencies in the US, focusing on traditional multi-member agencies that have a significant impact on the American economy, such as the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Federal Communications Commission, the National Labor Relations Commission, and the Federal Trade Commission.
Independent regulatory commissions --- Administrative law --- Law - U.S. --- Law, Politics & Government --- Law - U.S. - General --- Rules and practice --- Commissions, Independent regulatory --- Commissions of the federal government --- Independent administrative agencies --- Independent agencies --- Quasi-judicial agencies --- Regulatory agencies --- Regulatory commissions --- Administrative agencies --- Insurance commissioners
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The Political Accountability of EU and US Independent Regulatory Agencies is an in-depth investigation on the law and practices of the political accountability arrangements of the 35 EU and 16 US independent agencies. The comparative analysis demonstrates similarities between the political accountability arsenals and challenges to political oversight in the EU and the US. The greatest differences are revealed in the organization of the political accountability of independent agencies, id est, ‘excessive diversity in the EU vs. uniformity in the US’, and the design of accountability obligations. Based on comparative insights, the book concludes with three recommendations on how the EU agencies’ political accountability could be adjusted in the ongoing reform on agencies’ creation and operation.
Government --- European Union --- United States --- Independent regulatory commissions --- Government accountability --- Commissions, Independent regulatory --- Commissions of the federal government --- Independent administrative agencies --- Independent agencies --- Quasi-judicial agencies --- Regulatory agencies --- Regulatory commissions --- Administrative agencies --- Administrative law --- Insurance commissioners --- Accountability in government --- Public administration --- Responsibility --- Political aspects
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Independent regulatory commissions --- Contracts --- Law - Non-U.S. --- Law, Politics & Government --- Law - Europe, except U.K. --- Commissions, Independent regulatory --- Commissions of the federal government --- Independent administrative agencies --- Independent agencies --- Quasi-judicial agencies --- Regulatory agencies --- Regulatory commissions --- Administrative agencies --- Administrative law --- Insurance commissioners
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Administrative law --- France --- Public administration --- Ombudspersons --- Mediation --- Administration publique (Science) --- Ombudsman --- Médiation --- Independent regulatory commissions --- -Administrative law --- -Communication Communicatie --- Pouvoirs dans l'Etat Machten binnen de Staat --- Libertés Vrijheden --- Organismes administratifs Overheidsorganisaties --- Ombudsman Ombudsman --- Administration --- Law, Administrative --- Public law --- Constitutional law --- Commissions, Independent regulatory --- Commissions of the federal government --- Independent administrative agencies --- Independent agencies --- Quasi-judicial agencies --- Regulatory agencies --- Regulatory commissions --- Administrative agencies --- Insurance commissioners --- Law and legislation --- Médiation --- Communication Communicatie --- Independent regulatory commissions - France --- Administrative law - France
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