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The 2005 Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness sets targets for increased use by donors of recipient country systems for managing aid. The target is premised on a view that country systems are strengthened when donors trust recipients to manage aid funds, but undermined when donors manage aid through their own separate parallel systems. This study provides an analytical framework for understanding donors' decisions to trust or bypass country systems. Empirical tests are conducted using data from three OECD-DAC surveys designed to monitor progress toward Paris Declaration goals. Tests show that a donor's use of the recipient country's systems is positively related to: (1) the donor's share of aid provided to the recipient (a proxy for the donor's reputational stake in the country's development); (2) perceptions of corruption in the recipient country (a proxy for the trustworthiness or quality of the country's systems); and (3) public support for aid in the donor country (a proxy for the donor's risk tolerance). Findings are robust to corrections for potential sample selection, omitted variables or endogeneity bias.

Aid effectiveness --- Coastal and Marine Environment --- Corruption --- Development Economics & Aid Effectiveness --- Disability --- Gender and Health --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Microfinance --- Paris Declaration --- Social Development --- Use of country systems

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In recent decades, hurricane frequency and intensity have increased in the Caribbean Basin. From 2000 to 2012, more than 100 hurricanes impacted lives, infrastructure, and economic activity along the region's shorelines. Studies suggest that mangrove forests' dense root systems might mitigate the impact of hurricanes, which would help stabilize the coastline and prevent erosion from waves and storms. Although many tropical mangroves are found on Caribbean coasts, climatic and anthropogenic events have been clearing these wetland ecosystems at an annual rate of 1 percent since the 1990s. This study quantifies the effects of hurricane windstorms on economic activity using nightlight as a proxy at the highest spatial resolution data available (1 square kilometer). Using different widths of the mangrove belt, it measures levels of mangrove natural protection against the impact of hurricanes and studies the broader socioeconomic and Environmental effects of this protection. The results suggest that while major hurricanes reduce nightlight by approximately 2 percent and up to 16 percent in storm surge prone areas, the presence of mangroves on the coast mitigates the impact of hurricanes, reducing nightlight by 1-6 percent.

Coastal and Marine Environment --- Coastal Ecosystem --- Economic Activity --- Economic Growth --- Environment --- Hurricane --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Mangrove Forest --- Natural Disasters --- Wetland Ecosystem

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The 2005 Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness sets targets for increased use by donors of recipient country systems for managing aid. The target is premised on a view that country systems are strengthened when donors trust recipients to manage aid funds, but undermined when donors manage aid through their own separate parallel systems. This study provides an analytical framework for understanding donors' decisions to trust or bypass country systems. Empirical tests are conducted using data from three OECD-DAC surveys designed to monitor progress toward Paris Declaration goals. Tests show that a donor's use of the recipient country's systems is positively related to: (1) the donor's share of aid provided to the recipient (a proxy for the donor's reputational stake in the country's development); (2) perceptions of corruption in the recipient country (a proxy for the trustworthiness or quality of the country's systems); and (3) public support for aid in the donor country (a proxy for the donor's risk tolerance). Findings are robust to corrections for potential sample selection, omitted variables or endogeneity bias.

Aid effectiveness --- Coastal and Marine Environment --- Corruption --- Development Economics & Aid Effectiveness --- Disability --- Gender and Health --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Microfinance --- Paris Declaration --- Social Development --- Use of country systems

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• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Research suggests that a donor country's decision to provide post-disaster assistance is not only driven by the severity of a disaster and the resulting humanitarian needs in the recipient country, but also by strategic considerations. The authors argue that the identification of the determinants of the size of disaster assistance is a first step in the analysis of the donor's behavior. Since all aid is not motivated by the same reasons, the evaluation of the donor country's behavior requires a second step accounting for the type and the channel of aid provided. Using data on international disaster assistance between 2000 and 2007, the analysis examines both the donor countries' decision on the channel (bilateral versus multilateral) and the type of disaster relief (cash versus in-kind). The empirical results suggest that international disaster relief is not as much driven by the needs of the recipient country, but also by strategic interests (for example, oil or trade relationships) of the donor country. Bilateral and cash transfers are used as a vehicle to signal strategic interests, while multilateral and in-kind transfers are chosen to control for misuse in badly governed recipient countries.

Coastal and Marine Environment --- Conflict and Development --- Death tolls --- Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness --- Development network --- Disaster --- Disaster aid --- Disaster assistance --- Disaster Management --- Disaster reduction --- Disaster relief --- Disaster risk --- Disaster risk reduction --- Disaster type --- Economic Theory and Research --- Emergency assistance --- Emerging Markets --- Environment --- Fatalities --- Flood --- Floods --- Gender --- Gender and Health --- Governance --- Governance Indicators --- Hazard Risk Management --- Humanitarian assistance --- International agencies --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Natural Disaster --- Natural Disasters --- Post Conflict Reconstruction --- Private Sector Development --- Tsunami --- Type of disaster --- Urban Development

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Research suggests that a donor country's decision to provide post-disaster assistance is not only driven by the severity of a disaster and the resulting humanitarian needs in the recipient country, but also by strategic considerations. The authors argue that the identification of the determinants of the size of disaster assistance is a first step in the analysis of the donor's behavior. Since all aid is not motivated by the same reasons, the evaluation of the donor country's behavior requires a second step accounting for the type and the channel of aid provided. Using data on international disaster assistance between 2000 and 2007, the analysis examines both the donor countries' decision on the channel (bilateral versus multilateral) and the type of disaster relief (cash versus in-kind). The empirical results suggest that international disaster relief is not as much driven by the needs of the recipient country, but also by strategic interests (for example, oil or trade relationships) of the donor country. Bilateral and cash transfers are used as a vehicle to signal strategic interests, while multilateral and in-kind transfers are chosen to control for misuse in badly governed recipient countries.

Coastal and Marine Environment --- Conflict and Development --- Death tolls --- Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness --- Development network --- Disaster --- Disaster aid --- Disaster assistance --- Disaster Management --- Disaster reduction --- Disaster relief --- Disaster risk --- Disaster risk reduction --- Disaster type --- Economic Theory and Research --- Emergency assistance --- Emerging Markets --- Environment --- Fatalities --- Flood --- Floods --- Gender --- Gender and Health --- Governance --- Governance Indicators --- Hazard Risk Management --- Humanitarian assistance --- International agencies --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Natural Disaster --- Natural Disasters --- Post Conflict Reconstruction --- Private Sector Development --- Tsunami --- Type of disaster --- Urban Development