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"In January 2013, the Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine of the Institute of Medicine held a 2-day, interactive, public workshop on the intersection of biofuels, climate change, and human health. Workshop attendees explored public health issues related to the composition of traditional and alternative fuels and fuel additives, and they discussed the known and potential health impacts associated with the use of these fuels and fuel additives. The Nexus of Biofuels, Climate Change, and Human Health is the summary of that workshop. This report examines air, water, land use, food, and social impacts of biomass feedstock as an energy resource, and the state of the science and health policy implications of using different types (and generations) of biofuels as an energy source."--

Complex Mixtures --- Climatic Processes --- Energy-Generating Resources --- Ecosystem --- Health Occupations --- Environment --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Environment and Public Health --- Ecological and Environmental Phenomena --- Biological Phenomena --- Health Care --- Phenomena and Processes --- Biofuels --- Climate Change --- Environmental Health --- Biomass --- Biomass energy --- Climatic factors --- Health aspects

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World health --- Economic development --- Wealth --- Climatic changes --- Health status indicators --- Technology, Industry, and Agriculture --- Economics --- Demography --- Environment --- Climatic Processes --- Health Care Economics and Organizations --- Social Sciences --- Epidemiologic Measurements --- Population Characteristics --- Environment and Public Health --- Technology, Industry, Agriculture --- Health Care --- Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena --- Ecological and Environmental Phenomena --- Public Health --- Biological Phenomena --- Phenomena and Processes --- Health Status --- Economic Development --- Conservation of Natural Resources --- Climate Change --- Health aspects

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Extreme weather events including floods and droughts are increasing in frequency and intensity. They affect the operation of water-supply drainage and sewerage infrastructure and the functioning of wastewater treatment plants thereby affecting the protection of public health. Parties to the Protocol on Water and Health reviewed experience and good practice in Europe through a broad consultative process to devise the present guidance. This publication describes how adaptation policies should consider the new risks from extreme weather events how vulnerabilities can be identified and which manag

Municipal water supply -- Corrupt practices. --- Municipal water supply -- Government policy. --- Sanitation -- Government policy. --- Environmental Health --- Engineering --- Atmosphere --- Ecological and Environmental Processes --- Meteorological Concepts --- Disasters --- Public Health --- Communicable Disease Control --- Health Occupations --- Environment --- Public Health Practice --- Ecological and Environmental Phenomena --- Technology, Industry, and Agriculture --- Environment and Public Health --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Technology, Industry, Agriculture --- Health Care --- Biological Phenomena --- Phenomena and Processes --- Sanitation --- Disaster Planning --- Weather --- Climatic Processes --- Sanitary Engineering --- Water Supply --- Ecological and Environmental Phenomena. --- Delivery of Health Care.

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It is now widely accepted that adaptation will be necessary if we are to manage the risks posed by climate change. What we know about adaptation, however, is limited. While there is a well established body of scholarship proposing assessment approaches and explaining concepts, few studies have examined if and how adaptation is taking place at a national or regional level. This deficit in understanding is particularly pronounced in developed nations which have typically been assumed to have a low vulnerability to climate change. Yet as recent research highlights, this assumption is misplaced: developed nations are experiencing the most pronounced changes in climatic conditions globally and have significant pockets of vulnerability. Chapters in this book profile cases from different sectors in developed nations where specific adaptation measures have been identified, implemented, and evaluated. The contributions provide practical advice and guidance that can help guide adaptation planning in multiple contexts, identifying transferable lessons. It is a comprehensive and timely piece of work on an emerging body of literature that is critical for both academics and policy makers to be aware of and learn from in regards to the importance of adaptation and adaptation needs associated with climate change and variability.  It is a strong step forward in bringing together this literature and thinking in one collective piece of writing. Chris Furgal, Trent University, Canada Lead Author IPCC 4th Assessment Report   This volume is ambitious in scope and distinctive in focus. It is not about climate change science or mitigation or impacts... but focuses clearly on the processes of adaptation. This volume represents a valuable compilation of ideas, methods and applications dealing with adaptation to climate change in developed nations. Barry Smit, University of Guelph, Canada Canada Research Chair in Global Environmental Change   This book provides key insights from leading scholars who are addressing an important but neglected question: How easy is it to adapt to climate change in practice? Focusing on evidence from developed countries, the contributions provide reasons for both optimism and concern, and lessons that are critical for anyone interested in climate change policy and a sustainable future. Karen O’Brien, University of Oslo, Norway Chair of Global Environmental Change and Human Security.

Climatic changes -- Environmental aspects. --- Climatic changes. --- Environmental aspects. --- Greenhouse gas mitigation -- Technological innovations. --- Greenhouse gas mitigation. --- Technological innovations -- Environmental aspects. --- Climatic changes --- Public health --- Industries --- Metropolitan areas --- Agriculture --- Technology, Industry, and Agriculture --- Health Occupations --- Social Change --- Climatic Processes --- Adaptation, Biological --- Physiological Processes --- International Cooperation --- Sociology --- Technology, Industry, Agriculture --- Biological Processes --- Internationality --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Ecological and Environmental Processes --- Physiological Phenomena --- Social Sciences --- Phenomena and Processes --- Biological Phenomena --- Ecological and Environmental Phenomena --- Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena --- Climate Change --- Environmental Health --- Adaptation, Physiological --- Urbanization --- Developed Countries --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Meteorology & Climatology --- Environmental aspects --- Climate change mitigation --- Law and legislation --- Changes, Climatic --- Climate change --- Climate changes --- Climate variations --- Climatic change --- Climatic fluctuations --- Climatic variations --- Global climate changes --- Global climatic changes --- Climate mitigation --- Climatic mitigation --- Mitigation of climate change --- Mitigation --- Environment. --- Climate change. --- Environmental management. --- Climate Change. --- Climate Change Management and Policy. --- Environmental Management. --- Environment, general. --- Environmental stewardship --- Stewardship, Environmental --- Environmental sciences --- Management --- Climatology --- Teleconnections (Climatology) --- Environmental protection --- Changes in climate --- Climate change science --- Environmental sciences. --- Environmental science --- Science --- Developed countries --- Rural conditions --- Advanced countries --- Advanced nations --- Developed nations --- Economically advanced countries --- Economically advanced nations --- First World --- Industrial countries --- Industrial nations --- Industrial societies --- Industrialized countries --- Industrialized nations --- Western countries --- Global environmental change --- Balance of nature --- Biology --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Population biology --- Ecology

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Climate changes will affect food production in a number of ways. Crop yields, aquatic populations and forest productivity will decline, invasive insect and plant species will proliferate and desertification, soil salinization and water stress will increase. Each of these impacts will decrease food and nutrition security, primarily by reducing access to and availability of food, and also by increasing the risk of infectious disease. Although increased biofuel demand has the potential to increase incomes among producers, it can also negatively affect food and nutrition security. Land used for cultivating food crops may be diverted to biofuel production, creating food shortages and raising prices. Accelerations in unregulated or poorly regulated foreign direct investment, deforestation and unsustainable use of chemical fertilizers may also result. Biofuel production may reduce women’s control of resources, which may in turn reduce the quality of household diets. Each of these effects increases risk of poor food and nutrition security, either through decreased physical availability of food, decreased purchasing power, or increased risk of disease. The Impact of Climate Change and Bioenergy on Nutrition articulates the links between current environmental issues and food and nutrition security. It provides a unique collection of nutrition statistics, climate change projections, biofuel scenarios and food security information under one cover which will be of interest to policymakers, academia, agronomists, food and nutrition security planners, programme implementers, health workers and all those concerned about the current challenges of climate change, energy production, hunger and malnutrition.

Climatic changes. --- Food security. --- Food supply. --- Food Industry --- Nutrition Disorders --- Technology, Industry, and Agriculture --- Climatic Processes --- Environment --- Economics --- Technology, Industry, Agriculture --- Industry --- Ecological and Environmental Processes --- Environment and Public Health --- Social Sciences --- Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases --- Health Care --- Diseases --- Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena --- Ecological and Environmental Phenomena --- Biological Phenomena --- Phenomena and Processes --- Food Supply --- Conservation of Natural Resources --- Energy-Generating Resources --- Climate Change --- Malnutrition --- Resource Allocation --- Civil & Environmental Engineering --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Business & Economics --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Environmental Engineering --- Meteorology & Climatology --- Agricultural Economics --- Food security -- Climatic factors. --- Biomass energy. --- Nutrition. --- Alimentation --- Food --- Nutrition --- Bio-energy (Biomass energy) --- Bioenergy (Biomass energy) --- Biofuels --- Biological fuels --- Energy, Biomass --- Microbial energy conversion --- Changes, Climatic --- Climate change --- Climate changes --- Climate variations --- Climatic change --- Climatic changes --- Climatic fluctuations --- Climatic variations --- Global climate changes --- Global climatic changes --- Health aspects --- Environmental aspects --- Environment. --- Climate change. --- Public health. --- Agriculture. --- Sustainable development. --- Climate Change. --- Climate Change/Climate Change Impacts. --- Sustainable Development. --- Public Health. --- Health --- Physiology --- Diet --- Dietetics --- Digestion --- Food habits --- Energy conversion --- Fuel --- Energy crops --- Microbial fuel cells --- Refuse as fuel --- Waste products as fuel --- Climatology --- Climate change mitigation --- Teleconnections (Climatology) --- Changes in climate --- Climate change science --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Development, Sustainable --- Ecologically sustainable development --- Economic development, Sustainable --- Economic sustainability --- ESD (Ecologically sustainable development) --- Smart growth --- Sustainable development --- Sustainable economic development --- Economic development --- Nutrition   . --- Community health --- Health services --- Hygiene, Public --- Hygiene, Social --- Public health services --- Public hygiene --- Social hygiene --- Human services --- Biosecurity --- Health literacy --- Medicine, Preventive --- National health services --- Sanitation --- Global environmental change