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This book focuses on systematics, biogeography, and evolution of arachnids, a group of ancient chelicerate lineages that have taken on terrestrial lifestyles. The book opens with the questions of what arachnology represents, and where the field should go in the future. Twelve original contributions then dissect the current state-of-the-art in arachnological research. These papers provide innovative phylogenomic, evolutionary and biogeographic analyses and interpretations of new data and/or synthesize our knowledge to offer new directions for the future of arachnology.

BioGeoBEARS --- Caatinga --- dispersal --- Galapagos --- Neotropical --- speciation --- spiders --- tropical dry forests --- vicariance --- coin spider --- Nephilidae --- phylogenomics --- biogeography --- dispersal probability --- Arthropoda --- circular reasoning --- investigator bias --- paleontology --- Arachnida --- tissue --- X-rays --- micro-CT --- cerebrum --- nervous system --- neuroanatomy --- imaging --- Araneae --- biodiversity --- community ecology --- elevation --- Pantepui --- species turnover --- Tetragnatha --- dynamic disperser --- intermediate dispersal model of biogeography --- GAARlandia --- Tetragnathidae --- taxonomy --- taxonomic crisis --- species concepts --- data management --- monographic research --- molecular phylogeny --- divergence time --- relict group --- Linyphiidae --- phylogeny --- Caribbean biogeography --- arachnid --- araneae --- Micrathena --- long distance dispersal --- distribution --- diversity --- Salticidae --- target sequencing --- reduced representation sequencing (RRS) --- spider phylogenomics --- deep phylogeny --- molecular dating --- ancestral range analysis --- endemics --- founder-event --- intermediate dispersal model --- n/a --- Research. --- Biology. --- Microbiology.

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This book focuses on systematics, biogeography, and evolution of arachnids, a group of ancient chelicerate lineages that have taken on terrestrial lifestyles. The book opens with the questions of what arachnology represents, and where the field should go in the future. Twelve original contributions then dissect the current state-of-the-art in arachnological research. These papers provide innovative phylogenomic, evolutionary and biogeographic analyses and interpretations of new data and/or synthesize our knowledge to offer new directions for the future of arachnology.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Microbiology (non-medical) --- BioGeoBEARS --- Caatinga --- dispersal --- Galapagos --- Neotropical --- speciation --- spiders --- tropical dry forests --- vicariance --- coin spider --- Nephilidae --- phylogenomics --- biogeography --- dispersal probability --- Arthropoda --- circular reasoning --- investigator bias --- paleontology --- Arachnida --- tissue --- X-rays --- micro-CT --- cerebrum --- nervous system --- neuroanatomy --- imaging --- Araneae --- biodiversity --- community ecology --- elevation --- Pantepui --- species turnover --- Tetragnatha --- dynamic disperser --- intermediate dispersal model of biogeography --- GAARlandia --- Tetragnathidae --- taxonomy --- taxonomic crisis --- species concepts --- data management --- monographic research --- molecular phylogeny --- divergence time --- relict group --- Linyphiidae --- phylogeny --- Caribbean biogeography --- arachnid --- araneae --- Micrathena --- long distance dispersal --- distribution --- diversity --- Salticidae --- target sequencing --- reduced representation sequencing (RRS) --- spider phylogenomics --- deep phylogeny --- molecular dating --- ancestral range analysis --- endemics --- founder-event --- intermediate dispersal model --- n/a --- Research. --- Biology. --- Microbiology.

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This study of the metaphysics of G. W. Leibniz gives a clear picture of his philosophical development within the general scheme of seventeenth-century natural philosophy. Catherine Wilson examines the shifts in Leibniz's thinking as he confronted the major philosophical problems of his era. Beginning with his interest in artificial languages and calculi for proof and discovery, the author proceeds to an examination of Leibniz's early theories of matter and motion, to the phenomenalistic turn in his theory of substance and his subsequent de-emphasis of logical determinism, and finally to his doctrines of harmony and optimization. Specific attention is given to Leibniz's understanding of Descartes and his successors, Malebranche and Spinoza, and the English philosophers Newton, Cudworth, and Locke. Wilson analyzes Leibniz's complex response to the new mechanical philosophy, his discontent with the foundations on which it rested, and his return to the past to locate the resources for reconstructing it. She argues that the continuum-problem is the key to an understanding not only of Leibniz's monadology but also of his views on the substantiality of the self and the impossibility of external causal influence. A final chapter considers the problem of Leibniz-reception in the post-Kantian era, and the difficulty of coming to terms with a metaphysics that is not only philosophically "critical" but, at the same time, "compensatory". Originally published in 1990. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These paperback editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback editions.

Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm, --- Métaphysique --- Metaphysics --- Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm --- Métaphysique. --- Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm, - Freiherr von, - 1646-1716 --- History --- Philosophy --- God --- Ontology --- Philosophy of mind --- Leibnitz, Gottfried Wilhelm --- A History of Western Philosophy. --- A priori and a posteriori. --- Analogy. --- Anti-realism. --- Antinomy. --- Antithesis. --- Aphorism. --- Aristotle. --- Athanasius Kircher. --- Atheism. --- Atomism. --- Baruch Spinoza. --- Cambridge Platonists. --- Cartesianism. --- Christian mortalism. --- Circular reasoning. --- Conatus. --- Concept. --- Consciousness. --- Contingency (philosophy). --- Contradiction. --- Conventionalism. --- Critical philosophy. --- Critique of Pure Reason. --- Critique. --- David Hume. --- Eclecticism. --- Erudition. --- Ex nihilo. --- Existence of God. --- Explanation. --- Falsity. --- Fine-tuning. --- First principle. --- Freethought. --- God. --- Good and evil. --- Horror vacui (physics). --- Hypothesis. --- Idealism. --- Identity and change. --- Identity of indiscernibles. --- Impenetrability. --- Infinite regress. --- Infinitesimal. --- Intuitionism. --- Logic. --- Logical Investigations (Husserl). --- Lullism. --- Luminiferous aether. --- Materialism. --- Metempsychosis. --- Monadology. --- Moral absolutism. --- Multitude. --- Natural theology. --- Naturalness (physics). --- Necessitarianism. --- New Essays on Human Understanding. --- Occam's razor. --- Occasionalism. --- Ontological argument. --- Pelagianism. --- Pessimism. --- Phenomenalism. --- Phenomenon. --- Philosopher. --- Philosophical language. --- Philosophical progress. --- Philosophy. --- Pre-established harmony. --- Predestination. --- Primitive notion. --- Problem of evil. --- Rationalism. --- Reality. --- Reason. --- Religion. --- Scholasticism. --- Self-deception. --- Solipsism. --- Spinozism. --- State of nature. --- Superiority (short story). --- Tabula rasa. --- The Assayer. --- The Mind of God. --- The Philosopher. --- The Soul of the World. --- Theodicy. --- Theology. --- Theory of Forms. --- Theory. --- Thought. --- Tractatus Theologico-Politicus. --- Truth. --- Two Treatises of Government. --- Unobservable. --- Voluntarism (philosophy). --- Zeno's paradoxes.

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A Dominican-born academic tells the story of how the Great Books transformed his life—and why they have the power to speak to people of all backgrounds. What is the value of a liberal education? Traditionally characterized by a rigorous engagement with the classics of Western thought and literature, this approach to education is all but extinct in American universities, replaced by flexible distribution requirements and ever-narrower academic specialization. Many academics attack the very idea of a Western canon as chauvinistic, while the general public increasingly doubts the value of the humanities. In Rescuing Socrates, Dominican-born American academic Roosevelt Montás tells the story of how a liberal education transformed his life, and offers an intimate account of the relevance of the Great Books today, especially to members of historically marginalized communities.Montás emigrated from the Dominican Republic to Queens, New York, when he was twelve and encountered the Western classics as an undergraduate in Columbia University’s renowned Core Curriculum, one of America’s last remaining Great Books programs. The experience changed his life and determined his career—he went on to earn a PhD in English and comparative literature, serve as director of Columbia’s Center for the Core Curriculum, and start a Great Books program for low-income high school students who aspire to be the first in their families to attend college.Weaving together memoir and literary reflection, Rescuing Socrates describes how four authors—Plato, Augustine, Freud, and Gandhi—had a profound impact on Montás’s life. In doing so, the book drives home what it’s like to experience a liberal education—and why it can still remake lives.

Yachting. --- Sailing. --- Pilot guides. --- Nautical charts. --- Pilot guides --- Nautical charts --- Sailing --- Yachting --- South Australia. --- Books and reading --- Education, Humanistic --- United States --- Intellectual life. --- Canon (Literature) --- Learning and scholarship. --- Sociological aspects.. --- History and criticism. --- Montás, Roosevelt --- Books and reading. --- Appraisal of books --- Books --- Choice of books --- Evaluation of literature --- Literature --- Reading, Choice of --- Reading and books --- Reading habits --- Reading public --- Reading --- Reading interests --- Reading promotion --- Appraisal --- Evaluation --- Adoption. --- Africa. --- Analogy. --- Archival research. --- Aristotle. --- British subject. --- Bullshit. --- Celibacy. --- Censure. --- Charles Darwin. --- Circular reasoning. --- Civil disobedience. --- Classroom. --- Concept. --- Connotation. --- Conscience. --- Consciousness. --- Consent of the governed. --- Conspiracy theory. --- Core Curriculum (Columbia College). --- Criticism. --- Crito. --- Curfew. --- Curriculum. --- Disgust. --- Doomsday cult. --- Economics. --- Education. --- Emma Goldman. --- Ethnic group. --- Eudaimonia. --- Far-right politics. --- Free association (psychology). --- Friedrich Nietzsche. --- Graduate school. --- Great books. --- Health insurance. --- Hostos Community College. --- Humanities. --- Ignorance. --- Individual psychology. --- Institution. --- Intellect. --- Intelligentsia. --- International student. --- Irony. --- Jacques Barzun. --- Jean-Martin Charcot. --- Justification (theology). --- Lecture. --- Liberal arts education. --- Liberal democracy. --- Liberal education. --- Literature. --- Macbeth. --- Mahadev Desai. --- Mahatma Gandhi. --- Masculinity. --- Motivation. --- New Space (Uruguay). --- Nonviolence. --- Of Education. --- Originality. --- Philosophy. --- Physicist. --- Piety. --- Pontius Pilate. --- Popularity. --- Privilege (social inequality). --- Proselytism. --- Psychoanalysis. --- Psychologist. --- Psychology. --- Radicalization. --- Religion in South Africa. --- Religion. --- Religious experience. --- Renunciation. --- Resentment. --- Scholarship. --- Secondary education. --- Secular humanism. --- Self-concept. --- Self-denial. --- Self-knowledge (psychology). --- Social contract. --- Spiritual autobiography. --- Spirituality. --- Symptom. --- The Islamist. --- The Wealth of Nations. --- Thought. --- Thucydides. --- To This Day. --- Towel. --- Transcendentalism. --- Universalism. --- Untouchability. --- Wakefulness. --- Yale Law School.