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Maroons --- History. --- Nanny. --- Jamaica --- Cimarrónes --- Fugitive slaves --- Queen Nanny
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Waar plantages en slaven zijn, vluchten slaven van plantages. Al vrij snel na de stichting van de plantagekolonie Suriname (1651) ontsnapten Afrikaanse slaven om een menswaardig bestaan op te bouwen in het immense regenwoud. Zij vestigden zich in het labyrint van kreken en rivieren en voerden vandaar een felle guerrilla tegen de blanke planters. Een van deze groepen Marrons, zoals de gevluchte slaven in de literatuur bekend staan, is de Okanisi. Een zwarte vrijstaat in Suriname vertelt de geschiedenis van de Okanisi in de achttiende eeuw. Het is een geschiedenis van hekserij en orakels, van knechting en ontsnapping, van opsporing en oorlog. Na jaren van strijd kwam de koloniale overheid tot de conclusie dat zij de Marrons niet onderwerpen kon en bood hun in 1760 een vrede aan die door de Okanisi werd geaccepteerd. Het sluiten van de vrede tussen overheid en Okanisi was de erkenning van de eerste ‘zwarte vrijstaat’ in Suriname. De geschiedenis van de Okanisi is geschreven op basis van uniek materiaal. Dat materiaal bestaat uit verslagen van de koloniale oorlog tegen de Marrons en uit mondelinge overleveringen van de Okanisi. Een zwarte vrijstaat toont overtuigend aan dat in het verleden het heden ligt.
Maroons --- Blacks --- Negroes --- Ethnology --- Cimarrones --- Fugitive slaves --- History --- Suriname --- Black persons --- Cimarrónes --- Black people
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Maroons --- Fugitive slaves --- Runaway slaves --- Slavery --- Slaves --- Cimarrones --- Blacks --- History. --- Caribbean Area --- History --- Cimarrónes --- Enslaved persons
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In this fascinating book, Damian Alan Pargas introduces a new conceptualization of 'spaces of freedom' for fugitive slaves in North America between 1800 and 1860, and answers the questions: How and why did enslaved people flee to - and navigate - different destinations throughout the continent, and to what extent did they succeed in evading recapture and re-enslavement? Taking a continental approach, this study highlights the diversity of slave fight by conceptually dividing the continent into three distinct - and continuously evolving - spaces of freedom. Namely, spaces of informal freedom in the US South, where enslaved people attempted to flee by passing as free blacks; spaces of semi-formal freedom in the US North, where slavery was abolished but the precise status of fugitive slaves was contested; and spaces of formal freedom in Canada and Mexico, where slavery was abolished and runaways were considered legally free and safe from re-enslavement.
Fugitive slaves --- Slaves --- Maroons --- Fugitive slave communities --- History --- Emancipation --- Communities --- Cimarrónes --- Enslaved persons --- Persons --- Slavery --- Runaway slaves
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Trials --- Maroons --- Fugitive slaves --- Runaway slaves --- Slavery --- Slaves --- Cimarrones --- Blacks --- State trials --- Court proceedings --- Procedure (Law) --- History. --- Dominica --- Commonwealth of Dominica --- French Dominica --- Waiʻtu kubuli --- West Indies (Federation) --- Leeward Islands (Federation) --- Windward Islands (Jurisdiction) --- Cimarrónes --- Enslaved persons
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Over more than two centuries men, women, and children escaped from slavery to make the Southern wilderness their home. They hid in the mountains of Virginia and the low swamps of South Carolina; they stayed in the neighborhood or paddled their way to secluded places; they buried themselves underground or built comfortable settlements. Known as maroons, they lived on their own or set up communities in swamps or other areas where they were not likely to be discovered.Although well-known, feared, celebrated or demonized at the time, the maroons whose stories are the subject of this book have been forgotten, overlooked by academic research that has focused on the Caribbean and Latin America. Who the American maroons were, what led them to choose this way of life over alternatives, what forms of marronage they created, what their individual and collective lives were like, how they organized themselves to survive, and how their particular story fits into the larger narrative of slave resistance are questions that this book seeks to answer. To survive, the American maroons reinvented themselves, defied slave society, enforced their own definition of freedom and dared create their own alternative to what the country had delineated as being black men and women’s proper place. Audacious, self-confident, autonomous, sometimes self-sufficient, always self-governing; their very existence was a repudiation of the basic tenets of slavery.
SOCIAL SCIENCE / Ethnic Studies / African American Studies. --- HISTORY / United States / General. --- Fugitive slaves --- Maroons --- Cimarrones --- Blacks --- Runaway slaves --- Slavery --- Slaves --- History. --- Southern States --- Race relations --- Cimarrónes --- Enslaved persons
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"City of Refuge is a story of petit marronage, an informal slave's economy, and the construction of internal improvements in the Great Dismal Swamp of Virginia and North Carolina. The vast wetland was tough terrain that most white Virginians and North Carolinians considered uninhabitable. Perceived desolation notwithstanding, black slaves fled into the swamp's remote sectors and engaged in petit marronage, a type of escape and fugitivity prevalent throughout the Atlantic world. An alternative to the dangers of flight by way of the Underground Railroad, maroon communities often neighbored slave-labor camps, the latter located on the swamp's periphery and operated by the Dismal Swamp Land Company and other companies that employed slave labor to facilitate the extraction of the Dismal's natural resources. Often with the tacit acceptance of white company agents, company slaves engaged in various exchanges of goods and provisions with maroons-networks that padded company accounts even as they helped to sustain maroon colonies and communities. In his examination of life, commerce, and social activity in the Great Dismal Swamp, Marcus P. Nevius engages the historiographies of slave resistance and abolitionism in the early American republic. City of Refuge uses a wide variety of primary sources--including runaway advertisements; planters' and merchants' records, inventories, letterbooks, and correspondence; abolitionist pamphlets and broadsides; county free black registries; and the records and inventories of private companies--to examine how American maroons, enslaved canal laborers, white company agents, and commission merchants shaped, and were shaped by, race and slavery in an important region in the history of the late Atlantic world"--
Slaves --- Maroons --- Fugitive slave communities --- Fugitive slaves --- Runaway slaves --- Slavery --- Communities --- Cimarrones --- Blacks --- Enslaved persons --- Persons --- History. --- Dismal Swamp (N.C. and Va.) --- Great Dismal Swamp (N.C. and Va.) --- Cimarrónes
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Human rights --- Indigenous peoples --- Maroons --- Droits de l'homme --- Autochtones --- Marrons (Esclaves et descendants d'esclaves) --- Civil rights --- Droits --- Cimarrones --- Blacks --- Fugitive slaves --- Aboriginal peoples --- Aborigines --- Adivasis --- Indigenous populations --- Native peoples --- Native races --- Ethnology --- Basic rights --- Civil rights (International law) --- Rights, Human --- Rights of man --- Human security --- Transitional justice --- Truth commissions --- Law and legislation --- Cimarrónes
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In 2011 verscheen Een zwarte vrijstaat in Suriname; De Okaanse samenleving in de 18e eeuw . Het vertelt de geschiedenis van slaven die in de achttiende eeuw de plantages ontvluchtten om diep in het regenwoud, in het zuidoosten van Suriname, een nieuwe samenleving op te bouwen. Deze Marrons, zoals de ontsnapte slaven werden genoemd, sloten in 1760 een vredesverdrag met de planters. Zij noemden zich Okanisi. Hier, in dit tweede deel van deze historie, wordt verslag gedaan van de gebeurtenissen zoals die zich na 1800 afspeelden in de onafhankelijke gemeenschappen van Okaanse Marrons. Het is een bewogen geschiedenis van profetische bewegingen, heksenvervolgingen, en de opkomst van een eigen, inheemse, kerk. Al deze voor buitenstaanders exotische gebeurtenissen speelden zich af in een samenleving die hecht was geïntegreerd in het economische leven van de Guiana’s. In de twintigste eeuw vinden de eerste grote botsingen plaats tussen de Okanisi en het koloniale en postkoloniale bestuur van Suriname. Soms ging het om een staking die het economische leven van de kolonie dreigde te verlammen; later, eind jaren tachtig, toen Suriname onafhankelijk was, zorgde de opstand van enkele honderden Okaanse jongeren, en de gedoogsteun van de bevolking, voor een kritieke situatie in de jonge republiek. In deze eeuw zijn het voornamelijk conflicten over het behoud van het oude grondgebied, en zijn natuurlijke hulpbronnen, die de oude vrijstaat bedreigen. In Een zwarte vrijstaat in Suriname, deel 2 , Van Wetering and Thoden van Velzen relate the history of the Okanisi after their successful escape into the South American rainforest and the signing of a peace treaty with Dutch planters in 1760. Following Part 1, which deals with their struggle for freedom, this volume describes the emergence of an autonomous Okanisi Maroon state; its integration into the economic life of the Guiana’s, but also its internal development, as it manifested itself through prophetic movements, anti-witchcraft purges and the rise of a native church. Predominantly based on oral sources, this book charts a previously undocumented history and provides a unique insight into a culture emerging from the roots of slavery.
Djuka people --- Maroons --- HISTORY / Latin America / South America --- Cimarrones --- Blacks --- Fugitive slaves --- Aluku people --- Aukaans people --- Aukan people --- Djoeka people --- Djuka tribe --- Kwinti people --- Ndyuka people --- Ndyukia people --- Njuka people --- Okanisi people --- Okanisi sama people --- Ethnology --- History. --- Politics and government. --- Cimarrónes
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326 <83> --- 815 Geschiedenis --- 826 Imperialisme, Kolonialisme --- 844 Sociale Structuur --- 844.3 Migratie en vluchtelingen --- 860 (Vredes)cultuur --- 881 Afrika --- 882.2 Zuid-Amerika --- 884.4 West-Europa --- Slavernij--(algemeen)--Chili --- Maroons --- Boni (French Guianese and Surinamese people) --- Insurgency --- Wars. --- History --- Suriname --- 326 <83> Slavernij--(algemeen)--Chili --- Cimarrones --- Blacks --- Fugitive slaves --- Insurgent attacks --- Rebellions --- Civil war --- Political crimes and offenses --- Revolutions --- Government, Resistance to --- Internal security --- Boni (Surinam people) --- Ethnology --- Wars --- Slavery --- Cimarrónes
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