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The current political, economic and financial crises facing the EU reveal a deeper cultural, indeed spiritual, malaise - a crisis in 'the soul of Europe'. Many observers are concluding that the EU cannot be restored to health without a new appreciation of the contribution of religion to its past and future, and especially that of its hugely important but widely neglected Christian heritage, which is alive today even amidst advancing European secularization. God and the EU offers a fresh, constructive and critical understanding of Christian contributions to the origin and development of the EU from a variety of theological, national and political perspectives. It explains the Christian origins of the EU; documents the various ways in which it has been both affirmed and critiqued from diverse theological perspectives; offers expert, theologically-informed assessments of four illustrative policy areas of the EU (religion, finance, environment, science); and also reports on the place of religion in the EU, including how religious freedom is framed and how contemporary religious actors relate to EU institutions and vice versa.

28 <4> --- Christelijke kerken, secten. Kristelijke kerken--(algemeen)--Europa --- Christianity --- Christianity and politics --- European Union countries

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This collection explores how Christian individuals and institutions - whether Churches, church-related organisations, clergy, or lay thinkers - combined the topics of faith and national identity in twentieth-century Europe. "National identity" is understood in a broad sense that includes discourses of citizenship, narratives of cultural or linguistic belonging, or attributions of distinct, "national" characteristics. The collection addresses Catholic, Protestant, and Orthodox perspectives, considers various geographical contexts, and takes into account processes of cross-national exchange and transfer. It shows how national and denominational identities were often mutually constitutive, at times leading to a strongly exclusionary stance against "other" national or religious groups. In different circumstances, religiously minded thinkers critiqued nationalism, emphasising the universalist strains of their faith, with varying degrees of success. Moreover, throughout the century, and especially since 1945, both church officials and lay Christians have had to come to terms with the relationship between their national and "European" identities and have sought to position themselves within the processes of Europeanisation. Various contexts for the negotiation of faith and nation are addressed: media debates, domestic and international political arenas, inner-denominational and ecumenical movements, church organisations, cosmopolitan intellectual networks and the ideas of individual thinkers.

Christianity. --- Christianity --- Religions --- Church history --- Europe --- History --- history of religion --- nationalism --- 20th-century --- Catholic Church --- Martin Niemöller --- Protestantism --- 28 <4> --- 28 <4> Christelijke kerken, secten. Kristelijke kerken--(algemeen)--Europa --- 28 <4> Les diverses Eglises chretiennes:--general--Europa --- Christelijke kerken, secten. Kristelijke kerken--(algemeen)--Europa --- Les diverses Eglises chretiennes:--general--Europa

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Christianity --- Christianisme --- European Union --- Religion. --- Religions --- Church history --- E.U. --- Conferences - Meetings --- 2 <4> --- 261.6 --- 28 <4> --- 261.6 De Kerk en de cultuur: christelijke beschaving; Kerk en vooruitgang; Kerk en wereld --- De Kerk en de cultuur: christelijke beschaving; Kerk en vooruitgang; Kerk en wereld --- 2 <4> Godsdienst. Theologie--Europa --- Godsdienst. Theologie--Europa --- Christelijke kerken, secten. Kristelijke kerken--(algemeen)--Europa

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Christians from the Middle East have been migrating to Europe, and Germany in particular, for decades. This anthology is a collection of essays and articles from a small conference on “Religious Fragmentation as a Factor of Conflict” that took place from 23 to 24 April 2019, and a conference on “Europe and the Migration of the Christian Communities from the Middle East” held from 27 to 29 September 2021, both organised by Professor Martin Tamcke (Chair of Oriental Church History, University of Goettingen). In this volume pioneering research on migration among Christians from the Middle East (by Merten for instance) is published alongside the work of postgraduate students, particularly from the neighbouring research project at Radboud University in Nijmegen (Rewriting Global Orthodoxy: Oriental Christians in Europe, 1970–2020) conducted by Heleen Murre-van den Berg. The conference endeavoured to include matters of overall environment (such as the legal status of religious minorities in Islam). The book chronicles the migration of Christians from the Middle East, their motives, and their attempts to find a place in society once they arrived in a new country.

Emigration and immigration --- Christians --- Immigrants --- 28 <4> --- 28 <5-011> --- 314.7 --- 314.7 Migratie. Geografische mobiliteit. Verhuizingen--(demografie) --- Migratie. Geografische mobiliteit. Verhuizingen--(demografie) --- 28 <5-011> Christelijke kerken, secten. Kristelijke kerken--(algemeen)--Nabije-Oosten. Midden-Oosten --- 28 <5-011> Les diverses Eglises chretiennes:--general--Nabije-Oosten. Midden-Oosten --- Christelijke kerken, secten. Kristelijke kerken--(algemeen)--Nabije-Oosten. Midden-Oosten --- Les diverses Eglises chretiennes:--general--Nabije-Oosten. Midden-Oosten --- 28 <4> Christelijke kerken, secten. Kristelijke kerken--(algemeen)--Europa --- 28 <4> Les diverses Eglises chretiennes:--general--Europa --- Christelijke kerken, secten. Kristelijke kerken--(algemeen)--Europa --- Les diverses Eglises chretiennes:--general--Europa --- Emigrants --- Foreign-born population --- Foreign population --- Foreigners --- Migrants --- Persons --- Religious adherents --- Religious aspects --- Christianity --- History --- Religious life --- Christians. --- Christianity. --- History. --- Religious life. --- Europe. --- Middle East.

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La plupart des pays d'Europe occidentale se trouvent dans une phase de désenchantement. La religion est reléguée dans la sphère privée alors que la déliquescence des religions séculières engendre un désintérêt pour la politique. C'est l'aboutissement d'un processus de sécularisation engagé depuis les Lumières. Certes, le sabre et le goupillon ont pu de temps à autre faire alliance, mais c'est le politique qui en a tiré profit. En dépit de l'aggiornamento décidé par Vatican II, une partie de ceux qui s'étaient éloignés de l'Eglise se sont tournés vers des religions non traditionnelles (Témoins de Jéhovah, Scientologie, New Age...) ou exotiques (bouddhisme). La prolifération de mouvements dont le nombre d'adeptes demeure très limité et le développement de divers " bricolages " religieux ont fragilisé encore l'institution. Lâchée par de nombreux fidèles, contrainte d'évoluer dans des sociétés gagnées au pluralisme, l'Eglise est en voie de marginalisation. Ses tentatives pour réinvestir la sphère publique se heurtent à de vives résistances et le réenchantement religieux aperçu par certains semble plutôt marquer le pas.

Religion and sociology --- Secularism --- Church and state --- Sociologie religieuse --- Sécularisation --- Eglise et Etat --- History --- Histoire --- Europe --- Church history --- Religion --- Histoire religieuse --- 261 --- 28 <4> --- Verschillende betrekkingen van de Kerk; de Kerk in een pluralistische maatschappij --- Christelijke kerken, secten. Kristelijke kerken--(algemeen)--Europa --- Sécularisation --- Religion and society --- Religious sociology --- Society and religion --- Sociology, Religious --- Sociology and religion --- Sociology of religion --- Europe, Western --- West Europe --- Western Europe --- Ethics --- Irreligion --- Utilitarianism --- Atheism --- Postsecularism --- Secularization (Theology) --- Sociology --- Secularism - Europe, Western. --- Religion and sociology - Europe, Western.