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Chip multiprocessors - also called multi-core microprocessors or CMPs for short - are now the only way to build high-performance microprocessors, for a variety of reasons. Large uniprocessors are no longer scaling in performance, because it is only possible to extract a limited amount of parallelism from a typical instruction stream using conventional superscalar instruction issue techniques. In addition, one cannot simply ratchet up the clock speed on today's processors, or the power dissipation will become prohibitive in all but water-cooled systems. Compounding these problems is the simple fact that with the immense numbers of transistors available on today's microprocessor chips, it is too costly to design and debug ever-larger processors every year or two.

Computer architecture. --- High performance processors. --- Parallel processing (Electronic computers). --- Computer Science --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Multiprocessors. --- Electronic digital computers --- Multiprogramming (Electronic computers) --- Parallel processing (Electronic computers) --- Architecture, Computer --- Processors, High performance --- High performance computing --- Microprocessors --- Multiprocessors --- Parallel programming (Computer science) --- Supercomputers --- Chip multiprocessors (CMPs) --- Multi-core microprocessors. --- Parallel processing. --- Throughput sensitive applications. --- Latency-sensitive applications. --- SPEC benchmarks. --- Java applications. --- JRPM virtual machine. --- Transactional memory.