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El principal proposito de este libro es poner a disposicion de las personas interesadas el conocimiento acumulado en torno a politicas y herramientas analiticas exitosas en la lucha por invertir el circulo vicioso que suele constituir la ecuacion ingreso-pobreza y mala salud. El estudio ofrece de manera simultanea un conjunto practico de herramientas analiticas para entender las causas de la desigualdad en el uso de los servicios de seguridad social y un menu de medidas comprobadas en lo que concierne a politicas practicas a seguir en beneficio de los pobres. Se basa en la evaluacion de 14 cambios exitosos en las politicas que se disenaron en paises de bajo y mediano ingreso en africa, Asia y America Latina, ademas de una resena de buena parte de la literatura existente sobre la desigualdad en el sector de la salud. Este libro constituye un manual practico que ayuda a definir, entender y enfrentar, de una manera eficaz, el problema de la desigualdad en el uso de los servicios de salud. Con todo, las respuestas politicas a seguir no son un asunto facil ni uniforme.

Adolescent Girls --- Child Health --- Childbearing --- Health Services --- Spanish Translation

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This article investigates the effect increasing secondary education opportunities has on teenage fertility in Brazil. Using a novel dataset to exploit variation from a 57 increase in secondary schools across 4,884 Brazilian municipalities between 1997 and 2009, the analysis shows an important role of secondary school availability on underage fertility. An increase of one school per 100 females reduces a cohort's teenage birthrate by between 0.250 and 0.563 births per 100, or a reduction of one birth for roughly every 50 to 100 students who enroll in secondary education. The results highlight the important role of access to education leading to spillovers beyond improving educational attainment.

Access To Education --- Birthrate --- Education For All --- Educational Attainment --- Gender and Education --- Municipalities --- Primary Education --- Reproductive Health --- Secondary Education --- Teenage Childbearing --- Underage Fertility

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Mixed feelings about motherhood-uncertainty over having a child, fears of pregnancy and childbirth, or negative thoughts about one's own children-are not just hard to discuss, they are a powerful social taboo. In this beautifully written book, Barbara Almond brings this troubling issue to light. She uncovers the roots of ambivalence, tells how it manifests in lives of women and their children, and describes a spectrum of maternal behavior-from normal feelings to highly disturbed mothering. In a society where perfection in parenting is the unattainable ideal, this compassionate book also shows how women can affect positive change in their lives.

Motherhood --- Mother and child --- Love, Maternal --- Psychological aspects. --- ambivalence. --- childbearing. --- childbirth. --- clinicians. --- dark thoughts. --- expecting mothers. --- family therapy. --- gender studies. --- maternal behavior. --- maternity. --- mixed feelings. --- motherhood. --- mothering. --- new mothers. --- nonfiction study. --- nonfiction. --- parenthood. --- parenting. --- positive change. --- pregnancy. --- psyche. --- psychoanalysis. --- psychology. --- self help. --- social taboo. --- therapists. --- therapy. --- uncertainty. --- western society. --- women and children. --- womens issues. --- womens studies.

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The authors use a 13-year panel of individuals in Tanzania to assess how adult mortality shocks affect both short and long-run consumption growth of surviving household members. Using unique data which tracks individuals from 1991 to 2004, they examine consumption growth, controlling for a set of initial community, household and individual characteristics. The effect is identified using the sample of households in 2004 which grew out of baseline households. The authors find robust evidence that an affected household will see consumption drop 7 percent within the first five years after the adult death. With high growth in the sample over this time period, this creates a 19 percentage point growth gap with the average household. There is some evidence of persistent effects of these shocks for up to 13 years, but these effects are imprecisely estimated and not significantly different from zero. The impact of female adult death is found to be particularly severe.

Adult Mortality --- Aids --- Aids Epidemic --- Brown Issues and Health --- Childbearing --- Communities & Human Settlements --- Consumption --- Demographic Impact --- Demographics --- Disease Control and Prevention --- Diseases --- Economic Status --- Environment --- Gender --- Gender and Health --- Health, Nutrition and Population --- Heterosexual Contact --- HIV --- Housing and Human Habitats --- Labor Policies --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Mortality of Men --- Policy --- Policy Research --- Policy Research Working Paper --- Poorer Populations --- Population --- Population Association --- Population Policies --- Poverty --- Poverty Lines --- Poverty Reduction --- Progress --- Rural Development --- Rural Poverty Reduction --- Social Protections and Labor --- Urban Areas --- Women

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This innovative book uses the lens of cultural history to examine the development of medicine in Qing dynasty China. Focusing on the specialty of "medicine for women"(fuke), Yi-Li Wu explores the material and ideological issues associated with childbearing in the late imperial period. She draws on a rich array of medical writings that circulated in seventeenth- to nineteenth-century China to analyze the points of convergence and contention that shaped people's views of women's reproductive diseases. These points of contention touched on fundamental issues: How different were women's bodies from men's? What drugs were best for promoting conception and preventing miscarriage? Was childbirth inherently dangerous? And who was best qualified to judge? Wu shows that late imperial medicine approached these questions with a new, positive perspective.

Childbirth --- Women's health services --- History. --- China --- Social life and customs --- 17th century. --- 18th century. --- 19th century. --- childbearing. --- childbirth. --- china. --- chinese culture. --- chinese history. --- conception. --- cultural history. --- dangers of childbirth. --- development of medicine. --- fuke. --- health issues. --- historical periods. --- historical perspective. --- ideological issues. --- late imperial china. --- late imperial medicine. --- medical writings. --- medicine. --- miscarriage. --- nonfiction. --- pregnancy. --- qing dynasty. --- reproductive diseases. --- women. --- womens bodies. --- womens issues. --- womens medicine. --- History