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Le but de cette etude est de metre au point une procédure pour la prévention de la varicelle chez les travailleurs du milieu hospitalier en Belgique. La demande pour cette procédure était d’actualité suite à un cas de varicelle chez une infirmière du service de néonatalogie. Des renseignements sur les antécédents de varicelle furent demandés à tous les collègues avec lesquels cette infirmière avait été en contact les 2 deniers jours. On a prélevé du sang chez ceux qui avaient une anamnèse négative ou douteuse afin de tester les IgG contre la varicelle. Tous les tests étaient positifs. Par la suite, une procédure de prévention de la varicelle fut mise au point à l’hôpital. Elle a été appliquée dans 8 unités hospitalières où il y avait un risque accru de varicelle pour les travailleurs. Après une anamnèse chez 175 travailleurs sur les antécédents de varicelle, des tests sérologiques furent réalisés chez ceux qui avaient une anamnèse négative ou douteuse pour chercher des IgG contre le virus de la varicelle et du zona. Les travailleurs qui se rappelaient de leurs antécédents de varicelle furent considérés comme immunisés vu la valeur prédictive positive élevée de l’anamnèse. Une estimation du coût pour cette procédure de prévention dans un hôpital de 1600 personnes a été établie
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Chickenpox. --- Measles.
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Published in association with the VZV Research Foundation, this is a comprehensive account of the biology and clinical features of the varicella-zoster virus. The successful development of a vaccine reflects intense research interest in this virus over recent years, and this book surveys current knowledge of the molecular biology, pathogenesis and clinical features of VZV as the causative agent of chickenpox and zoster (shingles). Topics covered include viral replication, latency, immune mechanisms, epidemiology and disease manifestations, and complications of varicella and zoster. There is detailed information on live attenuated varicella vaccine, treatment strategies and the management of postherpetic pain in zoster patients. As the most authoritative review and guide to the virus and its diseases, this book will appeal to a wide range of clinicians and investigators, including pediatricians, geriatricians, neurologists, dermatologists and infectious disease specialists, as well as virologists interested in the herpes viruses.
Chickenpox. --- Shingles (Disease) --- Varicella-zoster virus.
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Chickenpox --- Herpesvirus 3, Human --- Viral Vaccines --- prevention & control --- immunology
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Chickenpox. --- Shingles (Disease) --- Varicella-zoster virus. --- Herpesvirus 3, Human. --- Shingles (Disease).
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Varicella-zoster virus is a common human pathogen that causes varicella (chickenpox), establishes latency in sensory nerve ganglia and can reactivate many years later as herpes zoster. Although the VZV genome is the smallest of the human herpesviruses, VZV genes encode at least 70 proteins. Molecular epidemiologic approaches based on genomic sequencing have documented the global distribution of VZV in distinct clades that reflect patterns of human migration. Contemporary molecular methods are making it possible to dissect how VZV gene products support the viral life cycle, including those that are necessary for viral replication, virion assembly and egress as well as those that permit take over of the host cell by modulating cell cycle regulation, survival and intrinsic antiviral responses. Progress is also being made in understanding the events in VZV pathogenesis and the viral tropisms for keratinocytes, T cells, dendritic cells and neurons during primary infection, latency and reactivation and the innate and adaptive host responses that modulate these events. New insights about molecular virology and pathogenesis have emerged from comparative studies of VZV and simian varicella virus. VZV is the only human herpesvirus for which vaccines to prevent both primary and recurrent infection are approved and VZV vaccines have had significant public health benefits. These achievements and new directions that are unfolding are described in this review of VZV basic and clinical research.
Chickenpox. --- Herpesvirus diseases. --- Shingles (Disease). --- Varicella-zoster virus. --- Varicella-zoster virus --- Varicellovirus --- Alphaherpesvirinae --- Herpesvirus 3, Human --- Herpesviridae --- DNA Viruses --- Vertebrate Viruses --- Viruses --- Organisms --- Biology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Microbiology & Immunology --- Herpesviruses. --- Chickenpox virus --- Herpes zoster virus --- Human herpesvirus-3 --- Varicella virus --- VZ virus --- Medicine. --- Virology. --- Biomedicine. --- Microbiology --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Life sciences --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- DNA viruses --- Herpesviruses --- Medical virology. --- Medical microbiology --- Virology --- Virus diseases
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This edited volume provides insights about the molecular virology, pathoenesis of infection and host responses to varicella-zoster virus, which is a medically important human herpesvirus. The chapters not only discuss genetics and molecular evolution of the virus, but also new structure-based knowledge on the functions of viral glycoproteins. Further, the authors illustrate how mechanisms from the virus are used to take over and remodel host cells during pathogeneis. These mechanisms also enable viral modulation of host cells and evasion of the host immune response. Part of these evasion and survival strategies, is the reaction to triggered host cell responses like autophagy, the stress response, modulation of apoptosis and other cell death pathways. This hands-on knowledge is crucial for students and clinicians in Virology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases. Chapter "Common features between stroke following varicella in children and stroke following herpes zoster in adults" is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via Springerlink.com.
Varicella-zoster virus. --- Chickenpox virus --- Herpes zoster virus --- Human herpesvirus-3 --- Varicella virus --- VZ virus --- Herpesviruses --- Virology. --- Immunology. --- Human physiology. --- Vaccines --- Biomaterials. --- Human Physiology. --- Biomaterials-Vaccines. --- Biotechnology. --- Vaccine biotechnology --- Biotechnology --- Human biology --- Medical sciences --- Physiology --- Human body --- Immunobiology --- Life sciences --- Serology --- Microbiology --- Biomedical materials.
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Herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) is a common disease in the elderly and the immunosuppressed, with potentially devastating sequelae. Diagnosis of HZO is clinical but almost all its manifestations are non-specific and often indistinguishable from those due to other causes in general and herpes simplex virus in particular. The exception is varicella-zoster virus epithelial keratitis, which is frequently the only indicator of the true nature of the disease. This book is unique in presenting high-magnification images, obtained by non-contact in vivo photomicrography, that capture the distinctive features of varicella-zoster virus epithelial keratitis in HZO. Both the morphology and the dynamics of the corneal epithelial lesions are splendidly documented, including in patients with HZO sine herpete and recurrent disease. Three rare cases of ocular surface involvement in acute HZO are included, and the final chapter offers an illuminating comparison of varicella-zoster virus epithelial keratitis in HZO and the lesions of herpes simplex virus. This book will serve as an indispensable aid in the prompt diagnosis of HZO.
Diseases -- Elderly. --- Emerging infectious diseases. --- Eye -- Diseases -- Elderly. --- Eye -- Diseases. --- Geriatrics. --- Ophthalmology. --- Varicellovirus --- Herpes Simplex --- Eye Infections, Viral --- Herpes Zoster --- Keratitis --- Eye Infections --- Herpesviridae Infections --- Virus Diseases --- Alphaherpesvirinae --- Corneal Diseases --- Herpesviridae --- Eye Diseases --- DNA Virus Infections --- Diseases --- DNA Viruses --- Vertebrate Viruses --- Viruses --- Herpesvirus 3, Human --- Keratitis, Herpetic --- Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus --- Organisms --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Ophthalmology & Optometry --- Ophthalmic zoster. --- Varicella-zoster virus. --- Keratitis. --- Cornea --- Virus diseases. --- Diseases. --- Keratomalacia --- Chickenpox virus --- Herpes zoster virus --- Human herpesvirus-3 --- Varicella virus --- VZ virus --- Ganglionitis, Gasserian --- Gasserian ganglionitis --- Herpes ophthalmicus --- Herpes zoster ophthalmicus --- Ocular herpes zoster --- Ocular zoster --- Medicine. --- Infectious diseases. --- Medicine & Public Health. --- Infectious Diseases. --- Viral diseases --- Viral infections --- Virus infections --- Communicable diseases --- Medical virology --- Pathogenic viruses --- Eye --- Herpesviruses --- Shingles (Disease) --- Inflammation --- Infections --- Emerging infections --- New infectious diseases --- Re-emerging infectious diseases --- Reemerging infectious diseases
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