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Casual labor. --- Casual labor --- Industries
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Les mensonges et la folle cupidité des banquiers (autrement nommée « crise des subprimes ») les ont jetés à la rue. En 2008, ils ont perdu leur travail, leur maison, tout l’argent patiemment mis de côté pour leur retraite. Ils auraient pu rester sur place, à tourner en rond, en attendant des jours meilleurs. Ils ont préféré investir leurs derniers dollars et toute leur énergie dans l’aménagement d’un van, et les voilà partis. Ils sont devenus des migrants en étrange pays, dans leur pays lui-même, l’Amérique dont le rêve a tourné au cauchemar. Parfois, ils se reposent dans un paysage sublime ou se rassemblent pour un vide-greniers géant ou une nuit de fête dans le désert. Mais le plus souvent, ils foncent là où l’on embauche les seniors compétents et dociles : entrepôts Amazon, parcs d’attractions, campings… Parfois, ils s’y épuisent et s’y brisent.
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Labor market --- Casual labor --- Industries --- Psychology, Industrial
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"Minimum wages are generally thought to be unenforceable in developing rural economies. But there is one solution - a workfare scheme in which the government acts as the employer of last resort. Is this a cost-effective policy against poverty? Using a microeconometric model of the casual labor market in rural India, the authors find that a guaranteed wage rate sufficient for a typical poor family to reach the poverty line would bring the annual poverty rate down from 34 percent to 25 percent at a fiscal cost representing 3-4 percent of GDP when run for the whole year. Confining the scheme to the lean season (three months) would bring the annual poverty rate down to 31 percent at a cost of 1.3 percent of GDP. While the gains from a guaranteed wage rate would be better targeted than a uniform (untargeted) cash transfer, the extra costs of the wage policy imply that it would have less impact on poverty. "--World Bank web site.
Casual labor --- Minimum wage --- Poverty --- Transfer payments
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"Minimum wages are generally thought to be unenforceable in developing rural economies. But there is one solution - a workfare scheme in which the government acts as the employer of last resort. Is this a cost-effective policy against poverty? Using a microeconometric model of the casual labor market in rural India, the authors find that a guaranteed wage rate sufficient for a typical poor family to reach the poverty line would bring the annual poverty rate down from 34 percent to 25 percent at a fiscal cost representing 3-4 percent of GDP when run for the whole year. Confining the scheme to the lean season (three months) would bring the annual poverty rate down to 31 percent at a cost of 1.3 percent of GDP. While the gains from a guaranteed wage rate would be better targeted than a uniform (untargeted) cash transfer, the extra costs of the wage policy imply that it would have less impact on poverty. "--World Bank web site.
Casual labor --- Minimum wage --- Poverty --- Transfer payments
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The papers presented here originated at a wonderful conference held at Middlesex University in London attended by experts on the subject of vulnerable workers and precarious work from all over the world. The aim here is to examine different aspects of these topics, showing the need for developing further research in connection with these areas of study.
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