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Alors que les carrières actives sont souvent perçues comme des milieux hostiles à toute forme de vie, elles recèlent en réalité des habitats et des espèces tout à fait exceptionnels. L’activité extractive constitue une source de perturbations importantes, modifiant profondément le paysage et créant des milieux devenus rares à l’échelle du territoire, qui pourront être colonisés par une faune et une flore particulière. Le projet Life in Quarries a pour but de promouvoir la biodiversité au sein des carrières, en identifiant et en diffusant des actions pertinentes et efficaces en faveur de celle-ci. Ce projet entreprend de fournir aux carriers les outils nécessaires pour gérer la biodiversité présente sur leur site de façon responsable et autonome. Il démontre ainsi que la biodiversité en carrière peut constituer un cas concret de développement durable. Le crapaud calamite (Epidalea calamita (Laurenti, 1768)) représente un exemple d’espèce menacée en Wallonie qui profite de la création, lors de l’exploitation des carrières, de milieux pionniers indispensables à son développement. L’objectif de ce travail de fin d’études est de caractériser les mares pionnières de trois carrières wallonnes fréquentées par cette espèce afin d’identifier les paramètres déterminants pour le creusement des mares et d’évaluer les méthodes de dénombrement proposées aux carriers dans le cadre du suivi des actions favorables au crapaud calamite. Il critique enfin la faisabilité d’une étude de capture-marquage-recapture et de l’applicabilité de la photo-identification au crapaud calamite. Whereas active quarries are often looked upon as harsh environment for any form of life, in truth they hold some utterly remarkable habitats and species. The mining activity causes substantial disturbances that deeply alter the landscape and create habitats that have become rare throughout the territory which in turn could be colonized by a specific fauna and flora. The Life in Quarries project identifies and publicizes relevant and effective actions to promote biodiversity within the quarries. This project undertakes to supply the necessary tools to quarry workers in order to responsibly and autonomously manage onsite biodiversity. This project thus shows that biodiversity in quarries can be a concrete case of sustainable development. The natterjack toad (Epidalea calamita (Laurenti, 1768)) is an example of such threatened species in Wallonia which benefits from mining as this activity creates pioneer habitats essential to the species’ development. The aim of this end-of-studies work is to characterize the pioneer ponds of three Walloon quarries visited by this species in order to identify the key factors for pond excavation and to evaluate the counting methods suggested to quarry workers in the framework of the monitoring of actions beneficial for the natterjack toad. Finally, it criticizes the feasibility of a capture-mark-recapture study and the relevance of the photo-identification practical use for the natterjack toad.

Natterjack toad --- Pionneer ponds --- Life in Quarries --- Capture-Mark-Recapture --- Crapaud calamite --- Mares pionnières --- Capture-Marquage-Recapture --- Sciences du vivant > Sciences de l'environnement & écologie

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Salamanders are relevant components of many terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. However, despite the importance of salamanders in many resource–consumer networks, their functional role remains remarkably understudied. Therefore, this volume, entitled The Ecological Role of Salamanders as Prey and Predators, provides an opportunity for researchers to highlight the new research on the ecological role of salamanders and newts in prey–predator systems, their trophic behavior, and the variability of their trophic niche in space and time. Various innovative methods, such as COI metabarcoding and network analysis, are applied in the present study to test both the classical and new hypotheses concerning the trophic ecology of salamanders and their interactions with their prey. The present volume is composed of one review and seven research papers, all of which are published after undergoing a complete and impartial peer-review process.

Research & information: general --- artificial cave --- ecotone --- prey-predator system --- salamanders --- Speleomantes --- subterranean habitat --- amphibia --- energy flow --- habitat coupling --- predator–prey interactions --- top–down control --- trophic cascades --- trophic ecology --- Urodela --- cave biology --- prey --- hypogean --- underground --- stygofauna --- Monolistra --- Sphaeromatidae --- Niphargus --- flatworm --- aqueduct --- seepage --- individual diet specialization --- ecological opportunity --- diet --- plethodontid --- community ecology --- Triturus --- Lissotriton --- coexisting species --- trophic niche --- niche width --- niche variation hypothesis --- amphibians --- feeding ecology --- individual specialization --- resource selection --- Hydromantes --- body condition --- biospeleology --- parental species --- size --- capture-mark-recapture --- COI --- DNA metabarcoding --- n/a --- predator-prey interactions --- top-down control