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« Par le biais d'une approche vulgarisée, ce livre présente les données scientifiques récentes permettant de comprendre la neurobiologie des douleurs à l'échelle de l'organisme, de la physiologie et de la physiopathologie, et à l'échelle cellulaire, des aspects moléculaires des systèmes intervenant dans la génèse et la modulation de l'information douloureuse. "Douleurs" car il y a plusieurs : douleur aiguë par excès de nociception, douleur chronique inflammatoire, douleur chronique neuropathique, douleurs mixtes du cancer, douleur du membre fantôme, douleurs idiopathiques nociplastiques. L'objectif de cet ouvrage est de faire comprendre la complexité de la douleur, en incistant sur celle, particulière, du passage de la douleur aiguë à la douleur chronique, principal problème rencontré par les cliniciens du fait de la grande difficulté à soulager. L'ouvrage décline les principaux apports de la recherche sur la douleur. Sont ainsi abordés aussi bien des thèmes d'introduction qui permettent au lecteur de saisir ce qu'est la douleur dans sa complexité, et d'autres, beaucoup plus spécifiques, comme la douleur du cancer, la mémoire de la douleur et les aspects moléculaires des systèmes endogènes opioïdes et cannabinoïdes. Peu de médecins sont formés pour la prise en charge de la douleur et il est donc important de pouvoir mettre à disposition un ouvrage scientifique qui permette de mieux l'appréhender. Il sera également très utile à tous les étudiants désireux d'approfondir leurs connaissances suivant les cursus des études de médecine et des différents diplômes associés à l'enseignement de la douleur (capacité, DU-DIU) mais aussi des études scientifiques de neurosciences. »-- Quatrième de couverture.
Bone metastasis. --- Canaux ioniques. --- Cancer Animal models.
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This reference book compiles together different animal models in cancer research. It provides knowledge and a better understanding of the advancement of the molecular and cellular mechanisms associated with the progression, formation, and clinical results of various types of cancer from the evidence collected from animal models utilized for cancer research. It discusses animal models for screening anti-cancer drugs and exploration of gene therapy. It presents different methods used to construct cancer animal models and the progress of each animal model in tumor research. The book also highlights the applications of genetic engineering, including CRISP/Cas9, in designing and developing animal models for cancer research. Further, it discusses strategies for modeling animals for investigating growth, metastasis, tumor-associated inflammation and microenvironment, cancer stem cells, tumor heterogeneity, and therapeutic resistance. This book is s a valuable resource for basic and translational cancer researchers, clinicians, and health care.
Cancer—Animal models. --- Tumors—Classification. --- Tumors—Immunological aspects. --- Cancer Models. --- Cancer Staging. --- Tumour Immunology.
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Carcinogenesis --- Congresses --- Cancer --- Risk factors --- Animal models --- Carcinogenesis - Congresses. --- Cancer - Risk factors - Congresses. --- Cancer - Animal models - Congresses. --- DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL --- NEOPLASMS, EXPERIMENTAL --- RESEARCH --- CHEMICALLY INDUCED --- METHODS
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Advances in cancer genomics are transforming our understanding of cancer, and have profound implications for its prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Evolutionary dynamics suggests that as few as two mutations can cause transformation of normal cells into cancer stem cells. A process of Darwinian selection, involving a further three or more mutations, taking place over a period of years, can then result in progression to a life-threatening tumour. In many cases the immune response can recognise and eliminate the mutant cells, but most advanced tumours have mutations that activate immune checkpoints and enable the tumour to hide from the immune system. For the most hard-to-treat tumours, future progress will require molecular diagnostics to detect cancer-causing mutations in healthy subjects, and new drugs or vaccines that prevent the progression process. Chapters of this book deal with the signalling pathways that control cell division, and changes in these pathways in cancer cells. Three cell cycle checkpoints that are often mutated in cancer are analysed in detail. A discussion of chronic myeloid leukaemia illustrates the role of reactive oxygen species in driving progression from a chronic to an acute condition. A single drug that suppresses reactive oxygen can prevent disease progression and turn an otherwise deadly disease into a condition that can be managed to enable many years of normal life. Another chapter discusses chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia, a disease that involves both genetic and epigenetic change. Tumour progression is discussed as a multi-stage process in which cancer stem cells evolve into genetically unstable, invasive, metastatic, drug-resistant growths. Each of these stages can act as targets for drugs or immunomodulators, but the future of cancer treatment lies in understanding tumour dynamics, and arresting malignancy at the earliest possible stage. Evolutionary dynamics is a primarily mathematical technique, but the target readership will be tumour biologists, clinicians, and drug developers. Computational detail is provided in an online supplement, but the main text emphasises the implications of the dynamics for an understanding of tumour biology and does not require mathematical expertise.
Cancer. --- Cancer—Animal models. --- Cancer—Treatment. --- Cancer—Genetic aspects. --- Cancer Biology. --- Cancer Models. --- Cancer Therapy. --- Cancer Genetics and Genomics. --- Cancer Microenvironment. --- Cancers --- Carcinoma --- Malignancy (Cancer) --- Malignant tumors --- Tumors
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Energy Intake --- Dietary Fats --- Exercise --- Neoplasms --- Neoplasms, Experimental --- 613.2 --- Cancer --- -Cancer --- -Carcinogenesis --- -Exercise --- -Fat --- -Low-calorie diet --- -Caloric restriction --- Calorie-restricted diet --- Calorie restriction --- Diet, Low-calorie --- Reducing diets --- Fats --- Lipids --- Adipose tissues --- Physical activity --- Warm-up --- Workouts (Exercise) --- Health --- Physical education and training --- Oncogenesis --- Pathogenesis of cancer --- Tumorigenesis --- Pathology --- Genetic toxicology --- Cancers --- Carcinoma --- Malignancy (Cancer) --- Malignant tumors --- Tumors --- physiology. --- adverse effects. --- etiology. --- chemically induced. --- Voedingsleer. Dieet --- Animal models --- -Congresses --- Nutrition aspects --- Congresses --- Physiological aspects --- Physiological effect --- Pathogenesis --- -physiology. --- Carcinogenesis --- Fat --- Low-calorie diet --- Caloric restriction --- Nutritional aspects --- adverse effects --- physiology --- chemically induced --- etiology --- Cancer - Nutrition aspects - Congresses. --- Fat - Physiological effect - Congresses. --- Exercise - Physiological aspects - Congresses. --- Low-calorie diet - Physiological aspects - Congresses. --- Carcinogenesis - Congresses. --- Cancer - Animal models - Congresses. --- CALORIC INTAKE --- DIETARY FATS --- EXERCISE --- NEOPLASMS --- NEOPLASM, EXPERIMENTAL --- PHYSIOLOGY --- ADVERSE EFFECTS --- ETIOLOGY --- CHEMICALLY INDUCED
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Malignant neoplasms occurring in the biliary tract and pancreas remain a therap- tic challenge. The mechanism of carcinogenesis as well as the growth and spread of these tumors is still poorly understood, making the development of rational tre- ment strategies difficult. In order to improve the clinical results achieved by sur- cal or other medical treatment of such malignant tumors, the establishment of an experimental animal model is critical. For this purpose, attempts were made to induce carcinoma experimentally in the biliary tree and finally an animal model using the hamster was established in 1994 at our laboratory. Because the tumor in this model mimicked the characteristics of human tumors, a series of experimental investigations were conducted to clarify the pathological characteristics of biliary carcinoma, the genetic alterations during biliary carcinogenesis, and the relationship between biliary inflammation and c- cinogenesis. The chemopreventive effects on the occurrence of biliary carcinoma were also successfully examined. In addition, in vitro studies led to the establi- ment of transplantable biliary cancer cell lines and biliary epithelial cell lines by utilizing the hamster model. This monograph represents the collective efforts in hepato-biliary and pancreatic disease research over the past 20 years. I hope that this monograph will be a source of useful knowledge for basic researchers as well as for clinicians involved in the care of patients with hepato-biliary and pancreatic neoplasms. Takashi Kanematsu, M.D., Ph.D.
Animal Physiology. --- Cancer -- Animal models. --- Cytology -- Technique. --- Biliary Tract Neoplasms --- Pancreatic Neoplasms --- Cricetinae --- Liver Neoplasms --- Models, Animal --- Carcinoma --- Pancreatic Diseases --- Digestive System Neoplasms --- Muridae --- Endocrine Gland Neoplasms --- Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial --- Investigative Techniques --- Liver Diseases --- Biliary Tract Diseases --- Endocrine System Diseases --- Digestive System Diseases --- Neoplasms by Histologic Type --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Neoplasms by Site --- Rodentia --- Diseases --- Neoplasms --- Mammals --- Vertebrates --- Chordata --- Animals --- Eukaryota --- Organisms --- Oncology --- Gastroenterology --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Liver --- Biliary tract --- Pancreas --- Animal models. --- Biliary tree --- Medicine. --- Cancer research. --- Hepatology. --- Surgical oncology. --- Animal anatomy. --- Animal physiology. --- Biology --- Biomedicine. --- Cancer Research. --- Biological Techniques. --- Animal Anatomy / Morphology / Histology. --- Surgical Oncology. --- Technique. --- Digestive organs --- Endocrine glands --- Exocrine glands --- Bile --- Abdomen --- Oncology. --- Cytology --- Morphology (Animals). --- Clinical medicine. --- Research --- Methodology. --- Cancer --- Oncologic surgery --- Oncological surgery --- Surgical oncology --- Medicine, Clinical --- Animal physiology --- Anatomy --- Animal morphology --- Body form in animals --- Zoology --- Morphology --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Cells --- Cytologists --- Tumors --- Excision --- Treatment --- Physiology --- Biology—Technique. --- Animal anatomy --- Cancer research
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Technological advances in manipulating the mouse genome has led to the development of sophisticated genetically-engineered models of human cancer that recapitulate many molecular, biologic and histologic features of human tumors. This book provides an overview of the design considerations and technical approaches used to generate these important models of human cancer. These models are designed to recapitulate molecular aberrations in target organs known to drive human cancers. State-of-the-art methods to analyze genome and transcriptome alterations in these models and particular relationships to human cancers are presented. Mouse-human comparisons of tumor pathologies are exemplified. Criteria for selecting relevant models for preclinical studies that might be translatable to the treatment of human cancers are discussed. The topics presented in this book will be invaluable to both newcomers to the field as well as established investigators who use genetically-engineered mouse models to study the development, progression and treatment of cancer.
Cancer -- Animal models. --- Mice -- Genetic engineering. --- Mice as laboratory animals. --- Transgenic mice. --- Mice --- Transgenic mice --- Mice as laboratory animals --- Cancer --- Organism Forms --- Models, Biological --- Animal Population Groups --- Models, Animal --- Animal Diseases --- Animals, Genetically Modified --- Diseases --- Investigative Techniques --- Models, Theoretical --- Murinae --- Organisms --- Animals --- Eukaryota --- Muridae --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Rodentia --- Mammals --- Vertebrates --- Chordata --- Disease Models, Animal --- Mice, Transgenic --- Animals, Laboratory --- Organisms, Genetically Modified --- Medicine --- Biology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Genetics --- Oncology --- Genetic engineering --- Animal models --- Animal models. --- Research. --- Cancer research --- Medicine. --- Cancer research. --- Human genetics. --- Laboratory medicine. --- Medical microbiology. --- Parasitology. --- Biochemistry. --- Biomedicine. --- Cancer Research. --- Human Genetics. --- Laboratory Medicine. --- Medical Microbiology. --- Animal Biochemistry. --- Transgenic animals --- Oncology. --- Medical laboratories. --- Microbiology. --- Medical parasitology. --- Human beings --- Human parasitology --- Medical sciences --- Parasitology --- Parasitic diseases --- Microbial biology --- Microorganisms --- Diagnosis, Laboratory --- Health facilities --- Laboratories --- Heredity, Human --- Human biology --- Physical anthropology --- Tumors --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Chemistry --- Parasites --- Composition --- Clinical medicine --- Clinical pathology --- Diagnostic laboratory tests --- Laboratory diagnosis --- Laboratory medicine --- Medical laboratory diagnosis --- Diagnosis --- Pathology
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