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Many critics bemoan the lack of civic engagement in America. Tocqueville's ''nation of joiners'' seems to have become a nation of alienated individuals, disinclined to fulfill the obligations of citizenship or the responsibilities of self-government. In response, the critics urge community involvement and renewed education in the civic virtues. But what kind of civic engagement do we want, and what sort of citizenship should we encourage? In Socratic Citizenship, Dana Villa takes issue with those who would reduce citizenship to community involvement or to political participation for its own sake. He argues that we need to place more value on a form of conscientious, moderately alienated citizenship invented by Socrates, one that is critical in orientation and dissident in practice. Taking Plato's Apology of Socrates as his starting point, Villa argues that Socrates was the first to show, in his words and deeds, how moral and intellectual integrity can go hand in hand, and how they can constitute importantly civic--and not just philosophical or moral--virtues. More specifically, Socrates urged that good citizens should value this sort of integrity more highly than such apparent virtues as patriotism, political participation, piety, and unwavering obedience to the law. Yet Socrates' radical redefinition of citizenship has had relatively little influence on Western political thought. Villa considers how the Socratic idea of the thinking citizen is treated by five of the most influential political thinkers of the past two centuries--John Stuart Mill, Friedrich Nietzsche, Max Weber, Hannah Arendt, and Leo Strauss. In doing so, he not only deepens our understanding of these thinkers' work and of modern ideas of citizenship, he also shows how the fragile Socratic idea of citizenship has been lost through a persistent devaluation of independent thought and action in public life. Engaging current debates among political and social theorists, this insightful book shows how we must reconceive the idea of good citizenship if we are to begin to address the shaky fundamentals of civic culture in America today.

Política --- Ciudadanía. --- Filosofía. --- Sócrates, --- Pensamiento político y social. --- Alcibiades. --- Berlin, Isaiah. --- Callicles. --- Enlightenment. --- Euben, Peter. --- Goldman, Harvey. --- Good Life. --- Grote, George. --- Habermas, Jürgen. --- Hegel, Georg. --- Heidegger, Martin. --- Kant, Immanual. --- Kraut, Richard. --- Machtstaat. --- Melian Dialogue. --- Reformation. --- Renaissance science. --- Socratic method. --- agonistic politics. --- bad conscience. --- conformism. --- disillusion. --- diversity of opinion. --- morality of mores. --- namos. --- natural right argument. --- nihilism phenomenon. --- open discussion model (Mill). --- philosopher-kings. --- philosophical alienation. --- plural voting scheme. --- slave morality.

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In recent years, most political theorists have agreed that shame shouldn't play any role in democratic politics because it threatens the mutual respect necessary for participation and deliberation. But Christina Tarnopolsky argues that not every kind of shame hurts democracy. In fact, she makes a powerful case that there is a form of shame essential to any critical, moderate, and self-reflexive democratic practice. Through a careful study of Plato's Gorgias, Tarnopolsky shows that contemporary conceptions of shame are far too narrow. For Plato, three kinds of shame and shaming practices were possible in democracies, and only one of these is similar to the form condemned by contemporary thinkers. Following Plato, Tarnopolsky develops an account of a different kind of shame, which she calls "respectful shame." This practice involves the painful but beneficial shaming of one's fellow citizens as part of the ongoing process of collective deliberation. And, as Tarnopolsky argues, this type of shame is just as important to contemporary democracy as it was to its ancient form. Tarnopolsky also challenges the view that the Gorgias inaugurates the problematic oppositions between emotion and reason, and rhetoric and philosophy. Instead, she shows that, for Plato, rationality and emotion belong together, and she argues that political science and democratic theory are impoverished when they relegate the study of emotions such as shame to other disciplines.

Democracy - Philosophy. --- Democracy -- Philosophy. --- Plato. --- Plato. Gorgias. --- Shame - Political aspects. --- Shame -- Political aspects. --- Shame --- Democracy --- Philosophy --- Philosophy & Religion --- Political aspects --- Political aspects. --- Philosophy. --- Emotions --- Guilt --- Ad hominem. --- Allan Bloom. --- Ambiguity. --- Ambivalence. --- Anger. --- Aristotle. --- Athenian Democracy. --- Bernard Williams. --- Callicles. --- Catamite. --- Charmides (dialogue). --- Child abuse. --- Civility. --- Conflation. --- Controversy. --- Criticism. --- Critique. --- Crito. --- Deliberation. --- Demagogue. --- Dialectic. --- Dichotomy. --- Direction of fit. --- Disgust. --- Disposition. --- Distrust. --- Elitism. --- Embarrassment. --- False-consensus effect. --- Forensic rhetoric. --- Form of life (philosophy). --- Freedom of speech. --- Gorgias (dialogue). --- Gorgias. --- Grandiosity. --- Gregory Vlastos. --- Hannah Arendt. --- Hedonism. --- Hippias Major. --- Human Rights Watch. --- Humiliation. --- Ideology. --- Inference. --- Irony. --- Jon Elster. --- McGill University. --- Morality. --- Multitude. --- Myth. --- Nicomachean Ethics. --- Omnipotence. --- On the Soul. --- Ostracism. --- Pathos. --- Perversion. --- Phaedo. --- Phaedrus (dialogue). --- Phenomenon. --- Philosopher. --- Pity. --- Pleonexia. --- Political philosophy. --- Politics. --- Polus. --- Prejudice. --- Princeton University Press. --- Protagoras. --- Psychoanalysis. --- Psychotherapy. --- Public sphere. --- Pythagoreanism. --- Rationality. --- Reason. --- Reintegrative shaming. --- Republic (Plato). --- Result. --- Rhetoric. --- Self-criticism. --- Self-deception. --- Self-esteem. --- Self-image. --- Shame. --- Social stigma. --- Socratic (Community). --- Socratic method. --- Socratic. --- Sophism. --- Sophist. --- Suffering. --- Suggestion. --- Symposium (Plato). --- The Philosopher. --- Theory. --- Thought. --- Thrasymachus. --- Uncertainty. --- Vlastos. --- Vulnerability.

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This collection introduces readers to some of the most respected Pre-Socratic scholarship of the twentieth century. It includes translations of important works from European scholars that were previously unavailable in English and incorporates the major topics and approaches of contemporary scholarship. Here is an essential book for students and scholars alike. "Students of the Pre-Socratics must be grateful to Mourelatos and his publishers for making these essays available to a wider public."--T. H. Irwin, American Journal of Philology "Mourelatos is a superb editor, and teaching Pre-Socratics in the future with this collection on the reading list will not only be easier but also better."--Jorgen Mejer, The Classical World "The editor has done his work judiciously. It would be difficult to devise a better balance between different parts of the subject."--Edward Hussey, Archives internationales d'histoire des sciences "[This book] will undoubtedly become an indispensable aid for beginning and advanced students of the Pre-Socratics."--David E. Hahm, IsisOriginally published in 1994.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Philosophy, Ancient --- Ancient philosophy --- Greek philosophy --- Philosophy, Greek --- Philosophy, Roman --- Roman philosophy --- History of philosophy --- Antiquity --- Philosophy, Ancient. --- Academic skepticism. --- Ad hoc hypothesis. --- Agnosticism. --- Ambiguity. --- Anaxagoras. --- Anaximander. --- Anaximenes. --- Anthropomorphism. --- Antinomy. --- Aphorism. --- Apologue. --- Aristotle. --- Arthur Schopenhauer. --- Astral body. --- Atomism. --- Callicles. --- Classical element. --- Concept. --- Consciousness. --- Contradiction. --- Conventionalism. --- Critique. --- Democritus. --- Deprecation. --- Dialectician. --- Divine law. --- Dualism (philosophy of mind). --- Dualism. --- Empedocles. --- Empiricism. --- Eristic. --- Etymology. --- Existence. --- Explanation. --- Family resemblance. --- First principle. --- Form of life (philosophy). --- Formal fallacy. --- Good and evil. --- Heraclitus of Ephesus. --- Hippasus. --- Historicism. --- Idealism. --- Identity of indiscernibles. --- Infinite regress. --- Leucippus. --- Leveling (philosophy). --- Logical extreme. --- Logical reasoning. --- Logos. --- Lucretius. --- Magna Moralia. --- Materialism. --- Middle term. --- Modern physics. --- Moral relativism. --- Multitude. --- Mutatis mutandis. --- Mythopoeic thought. --- Naturalness (physics). --- Neoplatonism. --- Noema. --- Nous. --- Ontology. --- Paradox. --- Parmenides. --- Perspectivism. --- Philolaus. --- Philosopher. --- Philosophy. --- Physics (Aristotle). --- Plato. --- Positivism. --- Pre-Socratic philosophy. --- Principle of sufficient reason. --- Pseudoscience. --- Pyrrhonism. --- Pythagoreanism. --- Reality. --- Reason. --- Relativism. --- Religion. --- Sophistication. --- Subjectivism. --- Superiority (short story). --- The Concept of Mind. --- The Philosopher. --- The Soul of the World. --- Themistius. --- Theory of Forms. --- Theory. --- Thought. --- Truism. --- Unconscious inference. --- Unity of opposites. --- Verisimilitude. --- Wesley C. Salmon. --- Xenophanes. --- Zeno of Elea. --- Zeno's paradoxes.

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This is the first English translation of Proclus' commentary on Plato'sParmenides. Glenn Morrow's death occurred while he was less than halfway through the translation, which was completed by John Dillon. A major work of the great Neoplatonist philosopher, the commentary is an intellectual tour de force that greatly influenced later medieval and Renaissance thought. As the notes and introductory summaries explain, it comprises a full account of Proclus' own metaphysical system, disguised, as is so much Neoplatonic philosophy, in the form of a commentary.

Reasoning --- -Argumentation --- Ratiocination --- Reason --- Thought and thinking --- Judgment (Logic) --- Logic --- Early works to 1800 --- Plato --- Socrates --- Zeno of Elea --- Aflāṭūn --- Aplaton --- Bolatu --- Platon, --- Platonas --- Platone --- Po-la-tʻu --- Pʻŭllatʻo --- Pʻŭllatʻon --- Pʻuratʻon --- Πλάτων --- אפלטון --- פלאטא --- פלאטאן --- פלאטו --- أفلاطون --- 柏拉圖 --- 플라톤 --- Socrate --- Socrates Constantinopolitanus Scholasticus --- Zeno, --- Form --- Philosophical perspectives --- Socrates. --- Argumentation --- Plato. --- Zenón, --- Zénon, --- Zenon, --- Ζήνων, --- Zēnōn, --- Platon --- Platoon --- Form (Philosophy) --- Parmenides --- Early works to 1800. --- Raisonnement --- Ouvrages avant 1800 --- Платон --- プラトン --- Zeno, - of Elea --- Sokrates --- Sokrat, --- Sokrates, --- Suqrāṭ, --- Su-ko-la-ti, --- Sugeladi, --- Sokuratesu, --- Sākreṭīsa, --- Socrate, --- سقراط, --- Σωκράτης, --- Aeschylus. --- Alexander of Aphrodisias. --- Allegory. --- Ammonius Saccas. --- Analytic–synthetic distinction. --- Anecdote. --- Antithesis. --- Aporia. --- Aristotelianism. --- Aristotle. --- Axiom. --- Callicles. --- Cephalus. --- Chaldean Oracles. --- Comprehension (logic). --- Cratylus (dialogue). --- Creation myth. --- Critique. --- Damascius. --- Demiurge. --- Dialectician. --- Dionysius the Areopagite. --- Dionysus. --- Endoxa. --- Epicurus. --- Existence. --- First principle. --- Form of life (philosophy). --- Glaucon. --- Hippias. --- Hypostasis (philosophy and religion). --- Hypothesis. --- Hypothetical syllogism. --- Iamblichus. --- Idealism. --- Identity (philosophy). --- Immutability (theology). --- Intellect. --- Logos. --- Menexenus (dialogue). --- Metaphysics. --- Middle Platonism. --- Middle term. --- Multitude. --- Neoplatonism. --- Nicholas of Cusa. --- Nous. --- Parmenides (dialogue). --- Parmenides. --- Phaedrus (dialogue). --- Philebus. --- Philosopher. --- Philosophical language. --- Philosophy. --- Phronesis. --- Platonic Theology (Ficino). --- Platonic realism. --- Platonism. --- Plotinus. --- Plutarch of Athens. --- Plutarch. --- Polemic. --- Potentiality and actuality. --- Pre-Socratic philosophy. --- Premise. --- Pronoia (psychology). --- Protagoras (dialogue). --- Pyrrhonism. --- Pythagoras. --- Pythagoreanism. --- Reality. --- Reason. --- Reductio ad absurdum. --- Samuel Taylor Coleridge. --- Scholasticism. --- Second Letter (Plato). --- Socratic method. --- Sophist. --- Stoicism. --- Subject (philosophy). --- Suggestion. --- Superiority (short story). --- Syllogism. --- Symposium (Plato). --- Syrianus. --- Term logic. --- The Philosopher. --- Theaetetus (dialogue). --- Themistius. --- Theology. --- Theophrastus. --- Theory of Forms. --- Theory. --- Third man argument. --- Thought. --- Timaeus (dialogue). --- Treatise. --- Writing. --- Zeno of Elea. --- -Early works to 1800