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Nanocrystals. --- Calcium fluoride crystals --- Femtosecond lasers. --- Lasers --- Crystals --- Nanosized crystals --- Nanoparticles --- Spectra.

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This book describes the mineralization process of barite-fluorite deposits in southeastern Sichuan, Yangtze Block, China. Mainly through systematic field geological surveys and detailed indoor research work, the typical barite-fluorite deposits in this area were analyzed using a variety of analysis methods such as single fluid inclusion LA-ICP-MS composition analysis, trace rare earth element analysis, H-O-S-Sr isotope analysis, F element content analysis, and Sm-Nd geochronological analysis. By in-depth analysis of the ore-forming environment, mineralization process and geological characteristics of barite-fluorite deposits, the following were determined: (1) the source of ore-forming fluids of barite-fluorite deposits and (2) the migration, concentration, enrichment, and evolution of ore-forming sources, exploring the formation mechanism of barite-fluorite deposits. Summarizing the mineralization regularity of the deposit in this area of China provides a new insight and basis for the study of similar types of deposits in the world.

Barite. --- Fluorspar. --- Derbyshire spar --- Florspar --- Fluor --- Fluor spar --- Fluorite --- Murra --- Murrha --- Murrhina --- Myrrha --- Halide minerals --- Calcium fluoride --- Baryte --- Barytes --- Cawk --- Heavy spar --- Sulfate minerals --- Barite --- Fluorspar

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Fluorite-based oxide materials such as stabilized zriconias, doped cerias, and urania represent a group of the most important key engineering materials in our modern society, with their well-known various electrochemical, ceramic and nuclear etc. applications. This is primarily due to their multi-lateral excellent physical/chemical properties such as high chemical/structure stability, high oxide ion conductivity, superior mechanical strength, and unique nuclear properties, and so on. For example, urania UO2 and urania-plutonia mixed-oxide (U,Pu)O2 are almost exclusively used to represent nucle

Fluorides --- Fluorspar --- Zirconium oxide --- Zirconia --- Zirconium dioxide --- Oxides --- Zirconium compounds --- Derbyshire spar --- Florspar --- Fluor --- Fluor spar --- Fluorite --- Murra --- Murrha --- Murrhina --- Myrrha --- Halide minerals --- Calcium fluoride --- Fluorine compounds --- Halides --- Industrial applications.

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The interaction of bacteria with biomaterials’ surfaces has critical clinical implications on the development and progression of biofilm-related diseases. In this book "Bacterial Interactions with Dental and Medical Materials", encouraging findings on tissue-contacting biomaterials to control biofilms, enhanced understanding of key mechanisms, and clinical perspectives are discussed toward improving healthcare.

polymer --- dental --- antibacterial --- antifouling --- hydroxyapatite --- star-shaped --- hydrophobicity --- acrylic acid --- oral --- composition --- antimicrobial effect --- biofilms --- cytotoxicity --- dental resins --- physicochemical properties --- mechanical properties --- quaternary ammonium methacrylates --- dental materials --- dentistry --- adhesives --- light-curing of dental adhesives --- composite resins --- methylmethacrylate --- oxides --- cerium --- polymers --- dentine bonding agents --- anti-bacterial agents --- dental caries --- biocompatible materials --- quaternary ammonium compounds --- antimicrobial --- ceramic --- coating --- silicon carbide --- fluoride(s) --- biofilm(s) --- Streptococcus mutans --- bioreactor(s) --- enamel --- composite materials --- biomaterials --- nanostructured materials --- chronic wounds --- infection --- chick embryo CAM --- ex ovo --- bioactive desensitizer --- hypersensitivity --- SEM --- nanoparticle --- nanohydroxyapatite --- microshear bond strength --- phosphoric acid --- self-etch --- porous bioceramics --- wollastonite --- sol-gel technology --- spark plasma sintering–reactive synthesis --- bacterial test --- surface modification --- coatings --- implant --- biofilm --- silver --- copper --- polylysine --- dental composites --- protein repellent --- restorations --- zwitterionic polymers --- dental composite --- antibiofilm --- dental nanocomposite --- calcium fluoride nanoparticles --- remineralization --- oral biofilm --- electrospinning --- nano-hydroxyapatite --- toxicity --- bone regeneration --- white spot lesions --- orthodontic --- n/a --- spark plasma sintering-reactive synthesis

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This Special Issue on “Fabrication of Carbon and related materials/ Metal Hybrids and Composites” presents the importance of the development of new composite and hybrid materials in different fields. It consists of 17 articles contributed by authors from different countries all over the world. The articles can be categorized into four classes. The first class of includes articles focusing on the synthesis of carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, and graphene hybrid and composite materials. The results include the developments of the methodology and know-how of the synthesis and functionalization of the graphene surface of fibers and nanotubes and their effects on binding with the metal matrix. The second class focuses on the synthesis of new polymeric materials based on pitch/polyethylene composites and their electrical and mechanical properties, including the correlations with its microstructures. Additionally, the second class presents the results of articles, including the synthesis of new biocompatible and eco-friendly metal oxide/polymer materials with antibacterial and antimicrobial activities. The third class includes articles focused on the applications of ceramic metal oxides, such as silica and clays in the development of solar cells and in the fabrications of membranes of water treatments and desalinations. The last part of this Special Issue presents results of the articles focused on high-entropy alloys and metal matrix composites and their weldability.

Technology: general issues --- carbon long fibers --- copper composites --- electroless copper deposition --- electroless silver deposition --- copper electroplating --- contact electrical resistivity --- ultrafiltration --- red clay --- calcium fluoride powder --- wastewater --- oil separation --- ZnO nanoparticles --- green synthesis --- cytotoxicity --- anticancer activity --- chemotherapeutic drugs --- doxorubicin --- gemcitabine --- MDA-MB 231cell line --- triple-negative breast cancer treatment --- high entropy alloys --- electroless copper plating --- thermal expansion --- hardness --- compressive strength --- direct friction stir processing --- in situ composites --- surface composites --- TES --- PCM --- paraffin wax --- multi-walled CNTs --- SEM --- EDX --- TGA --- FTIR --- indentation --- room temperature --- liquid nitrogen temperature --- spalling --- Si-NWs --- nanoscale chemical templating (NCT) --- PV --- copper --- nanocomposites --- metal-matrix composites (MMCs) --- mechanical properties --- spark plasma sintering --- hybrid materials --- chemical precipitation --- Carbopol --- BET surface area --- zeta-potential --- antibacterial activity --- mesophase-pitch --- polyethylene --- carbon-fibres --- morphology --- winder --- blend --- hot pressing --- aluminum matrix composites --- electroless silver and nickel precipitation --- wear resistance --- graphene --- silica --- hybrid composites --- adsorbents --- energy storages --- biomedical fields --- catalysts --- chemical vapor deposition (CVD) --- silicon (Si) --- nanowires (NWs) --- silica microspheres --- photovoltaic (PV) cells --- copper-zinc alloy --- graphene nanosheets --- microstructure --- electrical conductivity --- thermal conductivity --- wear rate --- extrusion --- dwell time --- mesophase pitch --- mixed CNT bundle --- crosstalk delay --- interconnect --- propagation delay --- RLC model --- nanodecoration --- first-principles calculations --- adsorption --- CO2 electroreduction --- carbon long fibers --- copper composites --- electroless copper deposition --- electroless silver deposition --- copper electroplating --- contact electrical resistivity --- ultrafiltration --- red clay --- calcium fluoride powder --- wastewater --- oil separation --- ZnO nanoparticles --- green synthesis --- cytotoxicity --- anticancer activity --- chemotherapeutic drugs --- doxorubicin --- gemcitabine --- MDA-MB 231cell line --- triple-negative breast cancer treatment --- high entropy alloys --- electroless copper plating --- thermal expansion --- hardness --- compressive strength --- direct friction stir processing --- in situ composites --- surface composites --- TES --- PCM --- paraffin wax --- multi-walled CNTs --- SEM --- EDX --- TGA --- FTIR --- indentation --- room temperature --- liquid nitrogen temperature --- spalling --- Si-NWs --- nanoscale chemical templating (NCT) --- PV --- copper --- nanocomposites --- metal-matrix composites (MMCs) --- mechanical properties --- spark plasma sintering --- hybrid materials --- chemical precipitation --- Carbopol --- BET surface area --- zeta-potential --- antibacterial activity --- mesophase-pitch --- polyethylene --- carbon-fibres --- morphology --- winder --- blend --- hot pressing --- aluminum matrix composites --- electroless silver and nickel precipitation --- wear resistance --- graphene --- silica --- hybrid composites --- adsorbents --- energy storages --- biomedical fields --- catalysts --- chemical vapor deposition (CVD) --- silicon (Si) --- nanowires (NWs) --- silica microspheres --- photovoltaic (PV) cells --- copper-zinc alloy --- graphene nanosheets --- microstructure --- electrical conductivity --- thermal conductivity --- wear rate --- extrusion --- dwell time --- mesophase pitch --- mixed CNT bundle --- crosstalk delay --- interconnect --- propagation delay --- RLC model --- nanodecoration --- first-principles calculations --- adsorption --- CO2 electroreduction