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The earliest observation of cytomegalovirus (CMV) interactions with the host cell was owl eye cytopathology in various tissues. It was recognized in the early 1970s that human CMV caused in utero infections resulting in congenital brain damage and other sensory neurological complications. Events of the 1980s and early 1990s, such as the wide application of solid organ and bone marrow transplantation and the emergence of AIDS, put the spotlight on human CMV. We understood that the virus was an opportunistic agent associated with immunosuppression. The golden age of cytomegalovirus research was ushered in during the late 1970s and early 1980s by a set of powerful new technologies that included restriction enzymes, DNA cloning, DNA sequencing, and open reading frame prediction. The genetic manipulation and propagation of novel CMV strains was accelerated with the app- cation of bacterial artificial chromosome technology. Today, we still struggle to understand the full spectrum of disease associated with human CMV. To the molecular biologist, CMV is a master of regulation in the eukaryotic cell where it either replicates or remains latent. To the immunologist, CMV is a master of immune evasion with tools to escape both the innate and acquired immune responses. The use of animal models with non-human CMVs has become significantly more sophisticated and tied to a more certain understanding of the interrelationships of non-human and human CMV genes.

Cytomegalovirus infections. --- Cytomegaloviruses. --- Salivary gland viruses --- Herpesviruses --- CMV infections --- Cytomegalovirus disease --- Herpesvirus diseases --- Medical virology. --- Virology. --- Medical microbiology --- Virology --- Virus diseases --- Microbiology

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In Cytomegalovirus Protocols (CMV), John Sinclair and a panel of expert investigators present a comprehensive collection of cellular and molecular techniques for the analysis of cytomegalovirus biology and its pathogenetic mechanisms. The methods-all described in step-by-step detail with ready reproducibility in mind-range from basic virus culture to complex molecular analysis of CMV structure and function. Included are methods for CMV detection using both immunological and biological techniques, methods for analyzing fundamental aspects of the CMV infection cycle, and methods for analyzing T cell response to cytomegalovirus infection in the human host. Comprehensive and state-of-the-art, Cytomegalovirus Protocols provides investigators with a powerful collection of the key methods that are illuminating not only the basic biology of this complex and intriguing human herpesvirus, but also its significant role in the pathogenesis of human infectious diseases as well as their emergent therapies.

Cytomegalovirus infections --- Cytomegaloviruses --- Pathology, Cellular. --- Cellular pathology --- Cytopathology --- Pathology --- Cytodiagnosis --- Salivary gland viruses --- Herpesviruses --- CMV infections --- Cytomegalovirus disease --- Herpesvirus diseases --- Emerging infectious diseases. --- Infectious Diseases. --- Emerging infections --- New infectious diseases --- Re-emerging infectious diseases --- Reemerging infectious diseases --- Communicable diseases --- Cytomegalovirus --- Cytomegalovirus Infections --- Genetic Techniques --- Laboratory Manuals --- isolation & purification --- genetics

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Suicide is a complex phenomenon that is now considered understood as a neurodevelopmental condition encompassing childhood experiences as well as proximal conditions such as mental disorders and adverse life events. Individuals in crisis may face overwhelming psychological pain, which in some cases may overcome the threshold of each unique individual for whom suicide is considered the best option to deal with such pain. However, many socio-demographic, personal, or temperamental variables have been investigated for their causal association with suicide risk, but to date no single factor has clearly demonstrated an association with suicide. The mental disorders most frequently associated with suicide risk include bipolar disorders and major unipolar depression, substance use disorders and schizophrenia. However, anxiety, personality, eating, and trauma-related disorders, as well as organic mental disorders, also contribute to suicidal risk. Moreover, in modern society, the presence of social uncertainty, the changes in family models, the development of social media, and the loss of face-to-face interaction can have an impact on suicide risk, particularly in the younger generation.

Medicine --- demoralization --- schizophrenia --- suicide risk --- suicide suicidality personality disorder --- borderline personality disorder --- self-harm --- psychodynamic psychotherapy --- integrative --- suicide --- therapeutic alliance --- countertransference --- hope --- antipsychotics --- depression --- bipolar --- affective temperament --- violent suicide --- aggressive behaviors --- bipolar disorder --- mood disorders --- suicidal --- mortality --- anhedonia --- PTSD --- suicidal behavior --- suicidal ideation --- suicide attempt --- meaning in life --- suicide protective factors --- rational suicide --- old age --- late life --- aging --- ageism --- CMV --- cytomegalovirus --- biomarker --- antibodies --- review

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Suicide is a complex phenomenon that is now considered understood as a neurodevelopmental condition encompassing childhood experiences as well as proximal conditions such as mental disorders and adverse life events. Individuals in crisis may face overwhelming psychological pain, which in some cases may overcome the threshold of each unique individual for whom suicide is considered the best option to deal with such pain. However, many socio-demographic, personal, or temperamental variables have been investigated for their causal association with suicide risk, but to date no single factor has clearly demonstrated an association with suicide. The mental disorders most frequently associated with suicide risk include bipolar disorders and major unipolar depression, substance use disorders and schizophrenia. However, anxiety, personality, eating, and trauma-related disorders, as well as organic mental disorders, also contribute to suicidal risk. Moreover, in modern society, the presence of social uncertainty, the changes in family models, the development of social media, and the loss of face-to-face interaction can have an impact on suicide risk, particularly in the younger generation.

Medicine --- demoralization --- schizophrenia --- suicide risk --- suicide suicidality personality disorder --- borderline personality disorder --- self-harm --- psychodynamic psychotherapy --- integrative --- suicide --- therapeutic alliance --- countertransference --- hope --- antipsychotics --- depression --- bipolar --- affective temperament --- violent suicide --- aggressive behaviors --- bipolar disorder --- mood disorders --- suicidal --- mortality --- anhedonia --- PTSD --- suicidal behavior --- suicidal ideation --- suicide attempt --- meaning in life --- suicide protective factors --- rational suicide --- old age --- late life --- aging --- ageism --- CMV --- cytomegalovirus --- biomarker --- antibodies --- review --- demoralization --- schizophrenia --- suicide risk --- suicide suicidality personality disorder --- borderline personality disorder --- self-harm --- psychodynamic psychotherapy --- integrative --- suicide --- therapeutic alliance --- countertransference --- hope --- antipsychotics --- depression --- bipolar --- affective temperament --- violent suicide --- aggressive behaviors --- bipolar disorder --- mood disorders --- suicidal --- mortality --- anhedonia --- PTSD --- suicidal behavior --- suicidal ideation --- suicide attempt --- meaning in life --- suicide protective factors --- rational suicide --- old age --- late life --- aging --- ageism --- CMV --- cytomegalovirus --- biomarker --- antibodies --- review

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AIDS (Disease) --- Cytomegalovirus infections --- Immunosuppression --- Transplantation of organs, tissues, etc --- Cytomegalovirus Infections --- Cytomegalovirus --- Immunocompromised Host --- Medical transplantation --- Organ transplantation --- Organ transplants --- Organs (Anatomy) --- Surgical transplantation --- Tissue transplantation --- Tissues --- Transplant surgery --- Transplantation surgery --- Transplants, Organ --- Surgery --- Preservation of organs, tissues, etc. --- Procurement of organs, tissues, etc. --- Depression, Immune --- Immune depression --- Immune suppression --- Immunodepression --- Suppression, Immune --- Immune response --- Immunological tolerance --- Therapeutics --- Immunodeficiency --- CMV infections --- Cytomegalovirus disease --- Herpesvirus diseases --- Acquired immune deficiency syndrome --- Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome --- Acquired immunological deficiency syndrome --- HIV infections --- Immunological deficiency syndromes --- Virus-induced immunosuppression --- Complications&delete& --- Congresses --- Immunological aspects&delete& --- diagnosis --- physiopathology --- therapy --- immunology --- Transplantation --- Regulation --- Conferences - Meetings --- Complications --- Immunological aspects