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Buildings. --- Heat --- Power resources. --- Solar heating --- Architecture --- Design --- Architects --- Blinds --- Cloud cover --- Consumption --- Control --- Emissivity --- Government policies --- Heat gain --- Incentives --- Orientation --- Protectors --- Shades --- Shadows --- Skylights --- Solar heating --- Solar orbits --- Solar radiation --- Space heating --- Specific heat --- Spectrum analysis --- Steady state --- Stereographic projection --- Sunlight --- Thermal conductivity --- Thermal resistance --- Transmittance --- Window glazing --- Windows --- Transmission. --- Passive systems. --- Architects --- Blinds --- Cloud cover --- Consumption --- Control --- Emissivity --- Government policies --- Heat gain --- Incentives --- Orientation --- Protectors --- Shades --- Shadows --- Skylights --- Solar heating --- Solar orbits --- Solar radiation --- Space heating --- Specific heat --- Spectrum analysis --- Steady state --- Stereographic projection --- Sunlight --- Thermal conductivity --- Thermal resistance --- Transmittance --- Window glazing --- Windows

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This paper analyzes the direct evidence of climate change in Bolivia during the past 60 years, and estimates how these changes have affected life expectancy and consumption levels for each of the 311 municipalities in Bolivia. Contrary to the predictions of most general circulation models, the evidence shows a consistent cooling trend of about 0.2 Degrees per decade over all highland areas, slight and scattered evidence of warming in the lowlands, and no systematic changes in precipitation. The estimations indicate that the 1 Degree cooling experienced in the already cold highlands over the past five decades likely has reduced consumption possibilities by about 2-3 percent in these areas. Since the much richer population in the lowlands have benefitted slightly from recent climate change, the simulations suggest that recent climate change has contributed to an increase in inequality and poverty in Bolivia. Poor and indigenous peoples in the highlands are among the most severely affected populations. No statistically significant effect on life expectancy was found.

Altitude --- Annual precipitation --- Climate --- Climate Change --- Climate Change Economics --- Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases --- Climates --- Cloud cover --- Deserts --- Electricity --- Environment --- Glaciers --- Global Environment --- Health, Nutrition and Population --- Irradiation --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Meteorological stations --- Oxygen --- Precipitation --- Precipitation anomalies --- Rain --- Relative humidity --- Science and Technology Development --- Science of Climate Change --- Temperature --- Temperature anomalies --- Temperature change --- Tropics

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"An old-growth forest is one that has formed naturally over a long period of time with little or no disturbance from humankind. They are increasingly rare and largely misunderstood. In this book, Joan Maloof, the director of the Old-Growth Forest Network, makes a heartfelt and passionate case for their importance. This evocative and accessible narrative defines old-growth and provides a brief history of forests. It offers a rare view into how the life-forms in an ancient, undisturbed forest-including not only its majestic trees but also its insects, plant life, fungi, and mammals-differ from the life-forms in a forest manipulated by humans. What emerges is a portrait of a beautiful, intricate, and fragile ecosystem that now exists only in scattered fragments. Black-and-white illustrations by Andrew Joslin help clarify scientific concepts and capture the beauty of ancient trees"-- "An impassioned case for the importance of ancient forests and their preservation. Standing in an old-growth forest, you can instinctively sense the ways it is different from forests shaped by humans. These ancient, undisturbed ecosystems are increasingly rare and largely misunderstood. Nature's Temples explores the science and alchemy of old-growth forests and makes a compelling case for their protection. Many foresters are proponents of forest management while ecologists and conservation biologists believe that the healthiest forests are those we leave alone. Joan Maloof brings together the scientific data we have about old-growth forests, drawing on diverse fields of study to explain the ecological differences among forests of various ages. She describes the life forms and relationships that make old-growth forests unique-from salamanders and micro-snails to plants that communicate through fungi-and reveals why human attempts to manage forests can never replicate nature's sublime handiwork. Maloof invites you to discover the power of these fragile realms that are so inextricably connected to our planet, our fellow species, and our spirits. With drawings by Andrew Joslin that illustrate scientific concepts and capture the remarkable beauty of ancient trees, this revised and expanded edition of Nature's Temples sheds new light on the special role forests play in removing carbon from the atmosphere and shares what we know about the interplay between wildfires and ancient forests"--

Old growth forests. --- Biodiversity. --- NATURE / Ecology. --- NATURE / Plants / Trees. --- Ancient forests --- Virgin forests --- Forests and forestry --- Biological diversification --- Biological diversity --- Biotic diversity --- Diversification, Biological --- Diversity, Biological --- Biology --- Biocomplexity --- Ecological heterogeneity --- Numbers of species --- Adirondack Mountains. --- Aggression. --- Air pollution. --- American chestnut. --- Anecdotal evidence. --- Anishinaabe. --- Bark beetle. --- Bat. --- Bathing. --- Baxter State Park. --- Behalf. --- Bernie Krause. --- Bowhead whale. --- Calculation. --- Chesapeake Bay. --- Citizen science. --- Climate change. --- Climate pattern. --- Cloud cover. --- Coarse woody debris. --- Coral bleaching. --- Decomposer. --- Deep sea. --- Deforestation. --- Devonian. --- Dry season. --- Ecosystem. --- Fertility. --- Fisherman. --- Flood. --- Food. --- Forest Ecology and Management. --- Forest floor. --- Forest. --- Forestry. --- Fungus. --- Germination. --- Gray fox. --- Great Lakes region. --- Great Smoky Mountains. --- Groundwater. --- Guitar. --- Hearing range. --- Ice Glen. --- Ice age. --- Immune system. --- Indicator species. --- Insect. --- Ivory-billed woodpecker. --- Jagadish Chandra Bose. --- Journal of Mammalogy. --- Juvenile fish. --- Laser rangefinder. --- Lichen. --- Lichenology. --- Longevity. --- Low-pressure area. --- Machine learning. --- Measurement. --- Metre per second. --- Mink. --- Newspaper. --- Northwest Forest Plan. --- Nutrient. --- Old Forest. --- Old-growth forest. --- Oregon Coast Range. --- Organic compound. --- Organism. --- Phosphorus. --- Photosynthesis. --- Physiology. --- Plant evolution. --- Podocnemis. --- Precipitation. --- Rain. --- Ravine. --- Red squirrel. --- Scientist. --- Singing. --- Social complexity. --- Soil. --- Soundscape. --- Species. --- Spectrogram. --- Stoma. --- Swainson's thrush. --- Temperate broadleaf and mixed forest. --- The Botanist. --- Thuja occidentalis. --- Tree height measurement. --- Tsuga. --- Underwater. --- Urban heat island. --- Vernal pool. --- Vibration. --- Website. --- Wildlife. --- lungwort.