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Guidelines for Condition Assessment of the Building Envelope provides a guideline and methodology for assessing the condition and performance of existing building envelope systems and components, as well as identifying problematic and dysfunctional elements. Because the adaptive reuse, rehabilitation, and improvement of existing buildings have assumed a more prominent role in meeting national needs, the ability to accurately assess the conditions of a building is imperative. Failures of the building envelope can result in safety and health problems, as well as structural damage. Proper evaluation of the building envelope is often the first step toward stabilization and rehabilitation of the building. This Standard is a compilation of basic information, procedures, and references; it will be an asset to the investigator developing a logical approach to the assessment of the building envelope in order to focus on fundamental defects rather than outward symptoms.

Exterior walls --- Building inspection --- Buildings --- Building envelope --- Building systems --- Existing buildings --- Rehabilitation --- Structural safety --- Construction methods --- Adaptive systems --- Evaluation --- Standards.

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The building industry is influenced by many factors and trends reflecting the current situation and developments in social, economic, technical, and scientific fields. One of the most important trends seeks to minimize the energy demand. This can be achieved by promoting the construction of buildings with better thermal insulating capabilities of their envelopes and better efficiency in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems. Any credible assessment of building energy performance includes the identification and simulation of heat and mass transfer phenomena in both the building envelope and the interior of the building. As the interaction between design elements, climate change, user behavior, heating effectiveness, ventilation, air conditioning systems, and lighting is not straightforward, the assessment procedure can present a complex and challenging task. The simulations should then involve all factors affecting the energy performance of the building in questions. However, the appropriate choice of physical model of heat and mass transfer for different building elements is not the only factor affecting the output of building energy simulations. The accuracy of the material parameters applied in the models as input data is another potential source of uncertainty. For instance, neglecting the dependence of hygric and thermal parameters on moisture content may affect the energy assessment in a significant way. Boundary conditions in the form of weather data sets represent yet another crucial factor determining the uncertainty of the outputs. In light of recent trends in climate change, this topic is vitally important. This Special Issue aims at providing recent developments in laboratory analyses, computational modeling, and in situ measurements related to the assessment of building energy performance based on the proper identification of heat and mass transfer processes in building structures.

CFD --- thermal performance --- Metamodeling --- carbon black --- energy balance --- XRD --- air terminal device --- Hygrothermal assessment --- thermal energy storage --- fibrous aerogel --- Probabilistic assessment --- natural ventilation --- thermal properties --- DSC --- advanced personalized ventilation --- temperature --- noise level --- geopolymers --- elevation --- plaster --- relative humidity --- air velocity --- ground-granulated blast-furnace slag --- heat treatment --- turbulence --- phase change temperature --- energy saving --- mechanical properties --- building envelope --- SEM --- Time series modelling --- self-heating --- mass flow rate prediction --- thermal conductivity --- Convolutional neural networks --- single-sided --- correlation function

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This reprint aims to address the challenges modern-day buildings face in the context of high energy and resource consumption and climate change. One of the ways to address the issues is holistic design and operation of high-performance buildings in the area of energy efficiency, occupant health, and comfort. All this should be achieved through synergic interconnectedness between parameters such as the indoor–outdoor environment, sustainability, and resilience. Through different chapters, this reprint highlights the key areas, namely, the optimization of building design parameters, the impact of the use of modern-day phase-change materials, the adaptation of occupants and buildings to climate change, the mitigation of urban overheating by cool roofs, and reducing energy demand and CO2 emissions.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- climate change --- bioclimatic design --- passive design --- energy efficiency --- overheating --- building resilience --- robustness --- shape factor --- building --- thermal envelope --- energy demand --- CO2 emissions --- white roofs --- cool roofs --- reflective material --- cost-benefit --- energy savings --- urban heat island --- thermal comfort --- indoor environmental quality --- educational buildings --- energy consumptions --- local discomfort --- building energy retrofitting --- phase change materials --- aerogel render --- heat stress risk --- emission --- lifecycle cost --- peak cooling load --- residential building --- building envelope --- multi-objective genetic algorithm --- TRNSYS --- climate zone --- multi-criteria decision making --- CRITIC --- TOPSIS --- capture devices --- variables --- field surveys --- thermal perceptions --- adaptive actions --- hostel dormitories --- composite climate of India --- reflective materials --- mitigation --- outdoor comfort --- visual comfort --- heat stress --- optimization --- skyscrapers

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This Special Issue addresses a topic of great relevance. In developed countries, there is a higher prevalence of people choosing to spend time indoors. Data show that the time a person spends at home ranges from 60% to 90% of the day, and 30% of that time is spent sleeping, though this varies depending on the individual. Taking into account these data, indoor residential environments have a direct influence on human health. Furthermore, in developing countries, significant levels of indoor pollution make housing unsafe, impacting the health of its inhabitants. Housing is therefore a key health factor for people all over the world: various parameters such as air quality, ventilation, hygrothermal comfort, lighting, physical environment, and building efficiency can contribute to healthy architecture; poor application of these parameters can result in conditions that negatively impact health.

gappy proper orthogonal decomposition --- sparse sensor observations --- contaminant distribution --- reconstruction --- CFD --- energy efficiency --- data envelopment analysis --- literature review --- future research --- weather data --- calibration --- sensors --- energy simulation --- sensors saving --- methodology --- Building Energy Models (BEMs) --- water flow glazing --- dynamic building envelope --- life cycle assessment --- building integrated PV panels --- levelized cost of energy --- daylighting --- circadian lighting --- indoor lighting --- dopamine --- myopia --- self-renovation --- habits and comfort --- sustainable building material --- cultural heritage buildings --- ventilation --- CFD analysis --- archaeology --- architecture --- native American Indians --- traditional architecture --- vernacular architecture --- indoor air quality --- COVID-19 --- educational buildings --- air purifier --- airborne transmission --- particulate matter --- dust pollution --- IAQ --- indoor–outdoor concentration ratio --- penetration factor --- air quality control

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This reprint aims to address the challenges modern-day buildings face in the context of high energy and resource consumption and climate change. One of the ways to address the issues is holistic design and operation of high-performance buildings in the area of energy efficiency, occupant health, and comfort. All this should be achieved through synergic interconnectedness between parameters such as the indoor–outdoor environment, sustainability, and resilience. Through different chapters, this reprint highlights the key areas, namely, the optimization of building design parameters, the impact of the use of modern-day phase-change materials, the adaptation of occupants and buildings to climate change, the mitigation of urban overheating by cool roofs, and reducing energy demand and CO2 emissions.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- climate change --- bioclimatic design --- passive design --- energy efficiency --- overheating --- building resilience --- robustness --- shape factor --- building --- thermal envelope --- energy demand --- CO2 emissions --- white roofs --- cool roofs --- reflective material --- cost-benefit --- energy savings --- urban heat island --- thermal comfort --- indoor environmental quality --- educational buildings --- energy consumptions --- local discomfort --- building energy retrofitting --- phase change materials --- aerogel render --- heat stress risk --- emission --- lifecycle cost --- peak cooling load --- residential building --- building envelope --- multi-objective genetic algorithm --- TRNSYS --- climate zone --- multi-criteria decision making --- CRITIC --- TOPSIS --- capture devices --- variables --- field surveys --- thermal perceptions --- adaptive actions --- hostel dormitories --- composite climate of India --- reflective materials --- mitigation --- outdoor comfort --- visual comfort --- heat stress --- optimization --- skyscrapers