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National parks and reserves --- Law and legislation --- Brown v. Board of Education National Historic Site (Topeka, Kan.)

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Excavations (Archaeology) --- Geophysics in archaeology --- Geological surveys --- School buildings --- Buildings --- History. --- Brown v. Board of Education National Historic Site (Topeka, Kan.) --- Topeka (Kan.) --- Antiquities.

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Allison Davis (1902-83), a preeminent black scholar and social science pioneer, is perhaps best known for his groundbreaking investigations into inequality, Jim Crow America, and the cultural biases of intelligence testing. Davis, one of America's first black anthropologists and the first tenured African American professor at a predominantly white university, produced work that had tangible and lasting effects on public policy, including contributions to Brown v. Board of Education, the federal Head Start program, and school testing practices. Yet Davis remains largely absent from the historical record. For someone who generated such an extensive body of work this marginalization is particularly surprising. But it is also revelatory. In The Lost Black Scholar, David A. Varel tells Davis's compelling story, showing how a combination of institutional racism, disciplinary eclecticism, and iconoclastic thinking effectively sidelined him as an intellectual. A close look at Davis's career sheds light not only on the racial politics of the academy but also the costs of being an innovator outside of the mainstream. Equally important, Varel argues that Davis exemplifies how black scholars led the way in advancing American social thought. Even though he was rarely acknowledged for it, Davis refuted scientific racism and laid bare the environmental roots of human difference more deftly than most of his white peers, by pushing social science in bold new directions. Varel shows how Davis effectively helped to lay the groundwork for the civil rights movement.

African American anthropologists --- African American college teachers --- African American educators --- African American scholars --- Davis, Allison, --- University of Chicago --- Brown v. Board of Education. --- Head Start. --- Jim Crow. --- University of Chicago. --- civil rights movement. --- class. --- inequality. --- intelligence testing. --- race. --- racism.

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Many have questioned FDR's record on race, suggesting that he had the opportunity but not the will to advance the civil rights of African Americans. Kevin J. McMahon challenges this view, arguing instead that Roosevelt's administration played a crucial role in the Supreme Court's increasing commitment to racial equality-which culminated in its landmark decision in Brown v. Board of Education. McMahon shows how FDR's attempt to strengthen the presidency and undermine the power of conservative Southern Democrats dovetailed with his efforts to seek racial equality through the federal courts. By appointing a majority of rights-based liberals deferential to presidential power, Roosevelt ensured that the Supreme Court would be receptive to civil rights claims, especially when those claims had the support of the executive branch.

African Americans --- Segregation in education --- Education --- School segregation --- Discrimination in education --- Race relations in school management --- School integration --- Afro-Americans --- Black Americans --- Colored people (United States) --- Negroes --- Africans --- Ethnology --- Blacks --- Civil rights --- History --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- Law and legislation --- Segregation --- Roosevelt, Franklin D. --- Ruzvelʹt, Franklin, --- Rūzvilt, Franklin Dilānū, --- Rūzfilt, Franklin Dilānū, --- Lo-ssu-fu, --- Luosifu, --- F. D. R. --- R., F. D. --- FDR --- רוזוועלט, פראנקלין ד. --- רוזוועלט, --- Roosevelt, F. --- Roosevelt, F. D. --- Relations with African Americans. --- United States. --- Supreme Court (U.S.) --- Chief Justice of the United States --- Supreme Court of the United States --- 美國. --- United States --- Race relations --- Political aspects. --- Politics and government --- Black people --- roosevelt, race, presidency, fdr, civil rights, supreme court, equality, racism, discrimination, brown v board of education, southern democrats, eisenhower, truman, lynching, violence, power, belonging, executive branch, segregation, politics, new deal, legislation, justice department, institutional reform, court-packing, constitution, nonfiction, history, law.

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Between the Harlem Renaissance and the end of World War II, a discourse that privileged a representative ideal of brown beauty womanhood emerged as one expression of race, class, and women's status in the modern nation. This discourse on brown beauty accrued great cultural currency across the interwar years as it appeared in diverse and multiple forms. Studying artwork and photography; commercial and consumer-oriented advertising; and literature, poetry, and sociological works, this text analyzes African American print culture with a central interest in women's social history. It explores the diffuse ways that brownness impinged on socially mobile New Negro women in the urban environment during the interwar years and shows how the discourse was constructed as a self-regulating guide directed at an aspiring middle class.

African American women --- Beauty, Personal --- Beauty --- Complexion --- Grooming, Personal --- Grooming for women --- Personal beauty --- Personal grooming --- Toilet (Grooming) --- Hygiene --- Beauty culture --- Beauty shops --- Cosmetics --- Afro-American women --- Women, African American --- Women, Negro --- Women --- Race identity --- Social conditions --- Social aspects --- African American literature. --- African American womanhood. --- African American women. --- African American youth. --- Brown v Board of Education. --- Charles H Parrish. --- Charles S Johnson. --- Cold War politics. --- Dark Princess A Romance. --- Elise Johnson McDougald. --- Franklin E Frazier. --- Great Depression. --- Harlem Renaissance fiction. --- Harlem educator. --- New Negro woman. --- New Negro. --- The Crisis. --- W E B Du Bois. --- WWII. --- black beauty ideals. --- black middle class. --- brown skin beauty ideals. --- brown skin models. --- brown-skin mulatta. --- consumer advertising. --- consumption. --- cosmetics. --- gender politics. --- interwar years. --- literary journals. --- middle class. --- mixed race. --- new woman. --- print culture. --- race concept. --- racial liberals. --- transnational activism. --- urbanization and race. --- woman’s era. --- women's poetry.