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Der Frieden von Brest-Litowsk vom 3. März 1918 beendete den Ersten Weltkrieg zwischen Sowjetrussland und den Mittelmächten. Die Regierung der Bolschewiki unterzeichnete den Vertrag angesichts der deutschen militärischen Drohung unter Protest, weil sie ansonsten den Erfolg der Oktoberrevolution zu gefährden fürchtete. Den Mittelmächten unter der Führung des Deutschen Reiches kam die Beendigung der Feindseligkeiten im Osten sehr gelegen, da damit der gefürchtete Zweifrontenkrieg beendet war. Die Ukraine schloss schon am 9. Februar 1918 in Brest-Litowsk mit den Mittelmächten einen Separatfrieden, der als »Brotfrieden« bezeichnet wurde. Sowjetrussland musste auf seine Hoheitsrechte in Polen, Litauen und Kurland verzichten. Estland und Livland sowie fast das gesamte Gebiet Weißrusslands blieben von deutschen Truppen besetzt. Die Ukraine und Finnland wurden als selbständige Staaten anerkannt.

World War, 1914-1918 --- Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

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TREATY OF BREST-LITOVSK (1918 FEB. 9) --- WORLD WAR, 1914-1918--UKRAINE --- UKRAINE--HISTORY

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World War, 1914-1918 --- Brest-Litovsk, Treaty of, --- Soviet Union --- History

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Twilight of Empire is the first book in English to examine the Brest-Litovsk Peace Conference during the later stages of World War I with the use of extensive archival sources. Two separate peace treaties were signed at Brest-Litovsk ? the first between the Central Powers and Ukraine and the second between the Central Powers and Bolshevik Russia. Borislav Chernev, through an insightful and in-depth analysis of primary sources and archival material, argues that although its duration was short lived, the Brest-Litovsk settlement significantly affected the post-Imperial transformation of East Central Europe. The conference became a focal point for the interrelated processes of peacemaking, revolution, imperial collapse, and nation-state creation in the multi-ethnic, entangled spaces of East Central Europe. Chernev?s analysis expands beyond the traditional focus on the German-Russian relationship, paying special attention to the policies of Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and Ukraine. The transformations initiated by the Brest-Litovsk conferences ushered in the twilight of empire as the Habsburg, Hohenzollern, and Ottoman Empires all shared the fate of their Romanov counterpart at the end of World War I

World War, 1914-1918 --- European War, 1914-1918 --- First World War, 1914-1918 --- Great War, 1914-1918 --- World War 1, 1914-1918 --- World War I, 1914-1918 --- World War One, 1914-1918 --- WW I (World War, 1914-1918) --- WWI (World War, 1914-1918) --- History, Modern --- Peace. --- Première guerre mondiale --- Peace --- Paix --- Brest-Litovsk Peace Conference --- Treaties of Brest-Litovsk --- Brest-Litovsk Peace Conference. --- World War (1914-1918) --- Treaties of Brest-Litovsk (1918) --- 1914-1918 --- Europe, Central. --- Europe, Eastern. --- Brest-Litovskie peregovory --- Mirnai͡a konferent͡sii͡a v Brest-Litovske --- Mirnai︠a︡ konferent︠s︡ii︠a︡ v Brest-Litovske --- Tratado de Paz de Brest-Litovsk --- Brestskiĭ mir 1918 --- Tratado de Brest-Litovsk --- Brestsʹkyĭ myr 1918 --- Friede von Brest-Litowsk --- Brest-Litovsk, Treaties of --- Brest-Litovsk, Peace Treaty of --- Traité de Brest-Litovsk --- Treaty of Brest-Litovsk --- World War I Period --- Europe, Eastern --- East Europe --- Europe, Central

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World War, 1914-1918 --- Polish question --- Première guerre mondiale --- Question polonaise --- Economic aspects --- Aspect économique --- Brest-Litovsk, Treaty of, 1918 --- Bucharest, Treaty of, 1918 --- Austria --- Autriche --- Commercial policy. --- Politique commerciale