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Regions & Countries - Americas --- General --- History & Archaeology --- Latin America --- Bibliography - General --- Belize --- Balize --- Belice --- Government of Belize --- Wilisi --- Beliz --- Беліз --- Belisa --- Белиз --- Република Белиз --- Republika Beliz --- Commonwealth of Belize --- Μπελίζε --- Belizo --- Belici --- Belis --- Bheilís --- Veleesh --- Beilise --- בליז --- Beliza --- Belizas --- Белизе --- ベリーズ --- Berīzu --- Beles --- Bilisi --- Белізе --- Belizi --- Bhelizi --- Belise --- Belisän --- Beliis --- בעליזע --- בּעליז --- Belėzos --- 伯利兹 --- Bolizi --- British Honduras

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EI territorio de Quintana Roo, en el sureste de Mexico, en la frontera con Bel ice, nace en 1902. Una de las dificultades recurrentes del territorio fue la ausencia de población y las medidas adoptadas para atraer a nuevos habitantes. Y también para definir a estos habitante. En esta región periférica, la población constituye un desafío estratégico para la consolidación de la soberanía nacional; manifiesta la afirmación de un biopoder -y de sus límites- que lleva a imponer las características raciales y nacionales de la población. Mediante el estudio de la radicalización de las políticas migratorias, y también de las políticas de integración y de desarrollo de la región (expediciones científicas, acceso a las tierras, tipo de explotación territorial), se trata de introducir una alteridad distinta a la indígena en las reflexiones sobre la nación el mestizaje y la raza, a partir del caso del extranjero negro. Esta investigación inscribe a México en la historia de las sociedades posesclavistas caribeñas marcadas por las migraciones de trabajadores afrodescendientes, y da cuenta del surgimiento de una nueva entidad político-administrativa al margen de la nación. EI libro aporta una nueva luz sobre las lógicas de inclusión y de exclusión propias de las políticas de mestizaje en el México posrevolucionario, por medio de un doble desfase analítico: estudiar eL lugar de las poblaciones negras más que el de las indígenas; centrarse en la inmigración más que en la autoctonía.

Blacks --- History --- Quintana Roo (Mexico : State) --- Belize --- Emigration and immigration --- Government policy --- Race relations --- Black persons --- Negroes --- Ethnology --- Balize --- Belice --- Government of Belize --- Wilisi --- Beliz --- Беліз --- Belisa --- Белиз --- Република Белиз --- Republika Beliz --- Commonwealth of Belize --- Μπελίζε --- Belizo --- Belici --- Belis --- Bheilís --- Veleesh --- Beilise --- בליז --- Beliza --- Belizas --- Белизе --- ベリーズ --- Berīzu --- Beles --- Bilisi --- Белізе --- Belizi --- Bhelizi --- Belise --- Belisän --- Beliis --- בעליזע --- בּעליז --- Belėzos --- 伯利兹 --- Bolizi --- British Honduras --- Quintana (Mexico : State) --- Quintana Roo (Mexico : Territory) --- Campeche (Mexico : State) --- Yucatán (Mexico : State) --- México --- inmigración --- emigración --- Black people

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KEY ISSUES Outlook and risks. The economy will remain vulnerable over the medium term, with sluggish real GDP growth, rising public debt and widening external current account deficits. International reserves could decline to uncomfortably low levels. The financial system would continue to be hampered by high NPLs and low capital buffers, especially at a systemic bank. Main fiscal risks include a court decision that could lead to a larger than expected compensation to the former owners of the nationalized companies, weaknesses in a systemic bank, and the cost of the new public bank. Focus of the Consultation. Discussions focused on measures that would place public debt on a sustainable path; address weaknesses in the financial system, particularly in a systemic bank; buttress external sector resilience; and enhance competitiveness and inclusive growth. Key policy advice. ? Improve the primary fiscal balance to about 4.5 percent of GDP starting in 2015. This could be achieved mainly by allowing spending on goods and services to rise only in line with inflation; containing the expansion in the wage bill; requiring public workers to contribute to their pensions; and by widening the tax base and strengthening revenue administration. Active debt management, including refinancing of expensive debt with low-earning deposits (essentially from PetroCaribe), would support these efforts. ? Address banking sector vulnerabilities through improving capital buffers. ? Improve public financial management (PFM) to contain low-quality spending, strengthen budget formulation, preparation, and execution, and improve the coverage and accuracy of budget documents. ? Further improve the business environment to attract more private investment, boost competitiveness, and enhance job-creating and inclusive growth. Implementation of staff advice. Implementation of recent staff advice is mixed. The breathing room provided by the debt restructuring was not used to improve the primary fiscal balance. The authorities plan to review exemptions and zero-ratings under the GST.

Belize --- Balize --- Belice --- Government of Belize --- Wilisi --- Beliz --- Беліз --- Belisa --- Белиз --- Република Белиз --- Republika Beliz --- Commonwealth of Belize --- Μπελίζε --- Belizo --- Belici --- Belis --- Bheilís --- Veleesh --- Beilise --- בליז --- Beliza --- Belizas --- Белизе --- ベリーズ --- Berīzu --- Beles --- Bilisi --- Белізе --- Belizi --- Bhelizi --- Belise --- Belisän --- Beliis --- בעליזע --- בּעליז --- Belėzos --- 伯利兹 --- Bolizi --- British Honduras --- Economic conditions. --- E-books --- Banks and Banking --- Exports and Imports --- Macroeconomics --- Public Finance --- Industries: Financial Services --- Criminology --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- Monetary Policy --- Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue: General --- Fiscal Policy --- Labor Economics: General --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General --- Banking --- Public finance & taxation --- Finance --- Labour --- income economics --- International reserves --- Loans --- Revenue administration --- Fiscal stance --- Fiscal policy --- Central banks --- Expenditure --- Financial institutions --- Banks and banking --- Foreign exchange reserves --- Revenue --- Expenditures, Public --- Income economics

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The economy of Belize in recent years has been vulnerable to adverse shocks owing to its weak external position, policy rigidities, and reduced access to external financing. Executive Directors commended the authorities for their prudent macroeconomic management during the crisis. Directors emphasized the need for fiscal consolidation strategy, and stressed the need to strengthen the banking system. They supported plans to improve public financial management and tax administration. They welcomed monetary policy framework, liquidity management, and development plan policies, and offered expert assistance as well.

Monetary policy --- Banks and banking --- Agricultural banks --- Banking --- Banking industry --- Commercial banks --- Depository institutions --- Finance --- Financial institutions --- Money --- Monetary management --- Economic policy --- Currency boards --- Money supply --- International Monetary Fund --- Internationaal monetair fonds --- International monetary fund --- Belize --- Balize --- Belice --- Government of Belize --- Wilisi --- Beliz --- Беліз --- Belisa --- Белиз --- Република Белиз --- Republika Beliz --- Commonwealth of Belize --- Μπελίζε --- Belizo --- Belici --- Belis --- Bheilís --- Veleesh --- Beilise --- בליז --- Beliza --- Belizas --- Белизе --- ベリーズ --- Berīzu --- Beles --- Bilisi --- Белізе --- Belizi --- Bhelizi --- Belise --- Belisän --- Beliis --- בעליזע --- בּעליז --- Belėzos --- 伯利兹 --- Bolizi --- British Honduras --- Economic conditions. --- Banks and Banking --- Exports and Imports --- Macroeconomics --- Public Finance --- Industries: Financial Services --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- Debt --- Debt Management --- Sovereign Debt --- Monetary Policy --- International Lending and Debt Problems --- General Aggregative Models: General --- Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue: General --- Public finance & taxation --- International economics --- Public debt --- International reserves --- External debt --- Revenue administration --- Central banks --- Debts, Public --- Foreign exchange reserves --- Debts, External --- Loans --- Revenue

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Belize’s near-term macroeconomic prospects have improved over the past year. The main risks to growth and financial stability arise from fiscal challenges and deterioration in the global outlook. Despite data limitations that constrain the analysis, the Belize dollar appears broadly in line with fundamentals, and the external accounts are not a threat to external stability. Progress in consolidating the public sector’s financial position needs to continue. A front-loaded fiscal adjustment is necessary to lower Belize’s debt ratios and regain market access.

Belize --- Balize --- Belice --- Government of Belize --- Wilisi --- Beliz --- Беліз --- Belisa --- Белиз --- Република Белиз --- Republika Beliz --- Commonwealth of Belize --- Μπελίζε --- Belizo --- Belici --- Belis --- Bheilís --- Veleesh --- Beilise --- בליז --- Beliza --- Belizas --- Белизе --- ベリーズ --- Berīzu --- Beles --- Bilisi --- Белізе --- Belizi --- Bhelizi --- Belise --- Belisän --- Beliis --- בעליזע --- בּעליז --- Belėzos --- 伯利兹 --- Bolizi --- British Honduras --- Economic conditions. --- Economic policy. --- Investments: Energy --- Exports and Imports --- Macroeconomics --- Public Finance --- Taxation --- Debt --- Debt Management --- Sovereign Debt --- Fiscal Policy --- Business Taxes and Subsidies --- International Lending and Debt Problems --- Energy: General --- Public finance & taxation --- International economics --- Investment & securities --- Econometrics & economic statistics --- Finance --- Public debt --- Fiscal policy --- Oil, gas and mining taxes --- External debt --- Oil --- Taxes --- Commodities --- Debts, Public --- Debts, External --- Petroleum industry and trade