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Introduction -- Race & policing: the more things change, the more they remain the same -- "Guilty until proven innocent": life under suspicion -- "It's a blue thing": race and black police officers -- "We stand united": why protesters marched -- "I will be out here every day strong!" : repressive policing and future activism -- Public disorder -- Conclusion.

Protest movements --- Police-community relations --- Discrimination in criminal justice administration --- African American men --- Police brutality --- Violence against. --- United States. --- Missouri --- Maryland --- United States --- Race relations. --- Activism. --- Aggressive policing. --- Baltimore. --- Black Lives Matter. --- Black codes. --- Black police. --- Body cameras. --- Civil Rights Movement. --- Collective identity. --- Community accountability. --- Contextual. --- Convict leasing. --- Cultural. --- Discriminatory police stops. --- Divest/invest. --- Efficacy. --- Ferguson. --- Flashpoints Model of Public Disorder. --- Freddie Gray. --- Grievance. --- Ideological. --- Injustice. --- Interactional. --- Jim Crow. --- Michael Brown. --- Minority threat. --- Mobilization. --- National Day of Protest against Police Brutality. --- Occupational socialization. --- Police brutality. --- Police repression. --- Police. --- Political. --- Protest policing. --- Race-based policing. --- Race. --- Racial Bias. --- Racial profiling. --- Restorative justice. --- Situational. --- Slave codes. --- Slave patrols. --- Slavery. --- Social Movement. --- Social media. --- Social movements. --- Stop and frisk. --- Structural. --- Trauma.

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Making use of archival documents, period newspapers, and oral interviews, 'African Police and Soldiers in Colonial Zimbabwe, 1923-80' examines the ambiguous experience of black security personnel, police, and soldiers in white-ruled Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) from 1923 through independence and majority rule in 1980. Across the continent, European colonial rule could not have been maintained without African participation in the police and army. In Southern Rhodesia, lack of white manpower meant that despite fear of mutiny, blacks played an increasingly prominent role in law enforcement and military operations and from World War II constituted a strong majority within the regular security forces. Despite danger, Africans volunteered for the police and army during colonial rule for a variety of reasons, including the prestige of wearing a uniform, the possibility of excitement, family traditions, material considerations, and patriotism. As black police and soldiers were called upon to perform more specialized tasks, they acquired greater education and some - particularly African police - became part of the emerging westernized African middle class. After retirement, career African police and soldiers often continued to work in the security field, some becoming prominent entrepreneurs or commercial farmers, and generally composed a conservative, loyalist element in African society that the government eventually mobilized to counter the growth of African nationalism. Tim Stapleton here mines rich archival sources to clarify the complicated dynamic and legacy of black military personal who served during colonial rule in present-day Zimbabwe. Timothy Stapleton is Professor of history at Trent University in Ontario.

Police, Black --- Soldiers, Black --- Internal security --- Policiers noirs --- Militaires noirs --- Sûreté de l'Etat --- History --- Social conditions --- Histoire --- Conditions sociales --- British South Africa Police --- Zimbabwe --- Great Britain --- Grande-Bretagne --- History, Military --- Colonies --- Administration. --- Histoire militaire --- Administration --- #SBIB:39A73 --- #SBIB:39A11 --- #SBIB:35H141 --- Security, Internal --- Insurgency --- Subversive activities --- Black soldiers --- Negro soldiers --- Negroes as soldiers --- Blacks --- Black police --- Negro policemen --- Social conditions. --- Etnografie: Afrika --- Antropologie : socio-politieke structuren en relaties --- Bijzondere korpsen: politie en rijkswacht --- BSAP --- Zimbabwe Republic Police --- History. --- Sûreté de l'Etat --- An tSiombáib --- Cimbabue --- Dēmokratia tēs Zimpampoue --- Government of Zimbabwe --- GOZ (Zimbabwe) --- Jinbabue --- Poblachd Shiombabue --- Repubblica dello Zimbabwe --- Republic of Zimbabwe --- República de Zimbabue --- Republika Zimbabve --- Simbabve --- Simbabwe --- Siombabue --- Yn Çhimbabwe --- Zimbabhue --- Zimbabua --- Zimbabue --- Zimbabvah --- Zimbabve --- Zimbabṿeh --- Zimbabves Republika --- Zīmbābvih --- Zimbabvo --- Zimbabweh --- Zimpampoue --- Ζιμπάμπουε --- Δημοκρατία της Ζιμπάμπουε --- Република Зимбабве --- Зимбабуе --- Зимбабве --- Зімбабве --- זימבבואה --- זימבבווה --- زيمبابوه --- ジンバブエ --- Southern Rhodesia --- Black people --- African participation. --- Army. --- Black security force personnel. --- Colonial Southern Rhodesia. --- Independence. --- Industrial disputes. --- Majority rule. --- Police.