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Although it has been on the market for several decades, researchers have not yet depleted the
stock of public and academic controversies about the cochlear implant. Thanks to the
spontaneous testimonials delivered on the internet and the social networks, one learns that
beyond the physical effects it can provoke, the implantation of a "bionic ear" also have
significant psychological and social repercussions. Indeed, by studying these digital
testimonies entrusted by those concerned with this technological tool, this thesis aims at
understanding how does the cochlear implant contrib ute to the creation via the Internet of
communities aimed at supporting deaf patients. Conducted from a Science and Technology
Studies perspective, the discourse analysis enables to examine the arguments of the groups
formed around the cochlear implant. By doing so, this study clearly demonstrates that
cochlear implantation represents an extremely disturbing cosmopolitical event, that is, an
event that unbuttons the existence and acts as a pivot that projects individuals onto new life
trajectories. The dist urbances suffered are incommensurable. Originally grouped under the
aegis of the "deaf hard of hearing", most people affected by the diverse effects of the implant
are experiencing an unanticipated change of identity. Via the Internet, they are regrouping
under the new titles of "deaf implanted" or "resistant", each with its own rhetoric. These
observations lead to the conclusion that, by its very existence, the cochlear implant creates a
schism between the individuals while being at the origin of the emerg ence of unprecedented
communities based on modified identities.

Biosociality --- Cochlear implant --- Cosmopolitics --- STS --- Deaf culture --- Cosmoplotical event --- Droit, criminologie & sciences politiques > Sciences politiques, administration publique & relations internationales

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Autism has attracted a great deal of attention in recent years, thanks to dramatically increasing rates of diagnosis, extensive organizational mobilization, journalistic coverage, biomedical research, and clinical innovation. Understanding Autism, a social history of the expanding diagnostic category of this contested illness, takes a close look at the role of emotion--specifically, of parental love--in the intense and passionate work of biomedical communities investigating autism. Chloe Silverman tracks developments in autism theory and practice over the past half-century and shows how an understanding of autism has been constituted and stabilized through vital efforts of schools, gene banks, professional associations, government committees, parent networks, and treatment conferences. She examines the love and labor of parents, who play a role in developing--in conjunction with medical experts--new forms of treatment and therapy for their children. While biomedical knowledge is dispersed through an emotionally neutral, technical language that separates experts from laypeople, parental advocacy and activism call these distinctions into question. Silverman reveals how parental care has been a constant driver in the volatile field of autism research and treatment, and has served as an inspiration for scientific change. Recognizing the importance of parental knowledge and observations in treating autism, this book reveals that effective responses to the disorder demonstrate the mutual interdependence of love and science.

Autism in children --- Autistic children --- Parents of autistic children. --- Autism in children. --- Autistic disorder --- Childhood autism --- Early infantile autism --- Infantile autism --- Kanner syndrome --- Kanner's syndrome --- Autism spectrum disorders in children --- Treatment. --- Family relationships. --- Asperger syndrome. --- Autism Diagnostic Interview. --- Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule. --- Bruno Bettelheim. --- Cure Autism Now Foundation. --- National Alliance for Autism Research. --- University of Chicago. --- affect. --- amateur therapists. --- autism diagnosis. --- autism genetics. --- autism research. --- autism theory. --- autism. --- autistic children. --- behavior modification techniques. --- biomedical knowledge. --- biomedical research. --- biomedical treatments. --- biomedicine. --- biosociality. --- caregivers. --- causation. --- childhood vaccines. --- contested illnesses. --- counselors. --- diagnostic criteria. --- ego development. --- emotion. --- epidemiological surveys. --- genetic research. --- knowledge production. --- love. --- moral personhood. --- parental care. --- parental love. --- parents. --- persuasion. --- psychotherapy. --- science studies. --- screening instruments. --- semiprofessionals. --- testing instruments. --- therapy. --- treatment practices. --- treatment.