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Phytopathogenic microorganisms --- Biological control. --- Biocontrol of plant diseases --- Biological control of phytopathogenic microorganisms --- Biological control of plant diseases --- Plant diseases --- Biological control

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Phytopathogenic microorganisms --- Phenotype --- Phenotype. --- Biological control --- Molecular aspects --- Biological control. --- Molecular aspects. --- Phenotypes --- Genetics --- Genotype-environment interaction --- Micro-organisms, Phytopathogenic --- Microbial plant pathogens --- Plant pathogens --- Microorganisms --- Plant parasites --- Agricultural microbiology --- Microbial herbicides --- Plant diseases --- Molecular microbiology --- Biocontrol of plant diseases --- Biological control of phytopathogenic microorganisms --- Biological control of plant diseases

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Insects, pests and weeds are responsible for substantial loss of crops and reduced food supplies, poorer quality of agricultural products, economic hardship for growers and processor. Generally, chemical control methods are neither always economical nor are they effective and may have associated unwanted health, safety and environmental risks. Biological control involves use of beneficial biological agents to control pests and offers an environmental friendly approach to the effective management of plant diseases and weeds. The chapters are written by well recognized group leaders in the field. This book provides a comprehensive account of interaction of host and pests, and development of biological control agents for practical applications in crops management utilizing inherent defence mechanism, induced stimulation and biological control agents. The contents are divided into the following sections: General biology of plant defence, Use of natural compounds for biological control, Use of biological agents, Mechanism of action and Commercial aspects. The book will be useful for academicians, researcher and industries involved in study and manufacturing these products.

Plant pathology. --- Agriculture. --- Conservation biology. --- Ecology . --- Plant Pathology. --- Conservation Biology/Ecology. --- Balance of nature --- Biology --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Environmental sciences --- Population biology --- Ecology --- Nature conservation --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Botany --- Communicable diseases in plants --- Crop diseases --- Crops --- Diseases of plants --- Microbial diseases in plants --- Pathological botany --- Pathology, Vegetable --- Phytopathology --- Plant pathology --- Plants --- Vegetable pathology --- Agricultural pests --- Crop losses --- Diseased plants --- Phytopathogenic microorganisms --- Plant pathologists --- Plant quarantine --- Pathology --- Diseases and pests --- Diseases --- Wounds and injuries --- Biological control. --- Biocontrol of plant diseases --- Biological control of phytopathogenic microorganisms --- Biological control of plant diseases --- Plant diseases --- Biological control

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Biological control of plant diseases and plant pathogens is of great significance in forestry and agriculture. There is great incentive to discover biologically active natural products from higher plants that are better than synthetic agrochemicals and are much safer, from a health and environmental point-of-view. The development of natural products such as herbicides, fungicides, and their role in biological control of plant diseases, indicates a reduction in environmental and health hazards. Allelopathic techniques offer a real future in solving several problems, for instance biological control of plant pests. This book is organized around the indication that allelochemicals can be employed for biological control of plant pathogens and plant diseases. Specifically, this volume focuses on (i) discovery and development of natural product based fungicides for agriculture, (ii) direct use of allelochemicals as well as indirect effects through cover crops and organic amendments for plant parasitic pest control and (iii) application of allelopathy in pest management. .

Allelochemicals. --- Phytopathogenic microorganisms --- Biological control. --- Biocontrol of plant diseases --- Biological control of phytopathogenic microorganisms --- Biological control of plant diseases --- Plant diseases --- Allelochemics --- Semiochemicals --- Biological control --- Agriculture. --- Plant diseases. --- Forests and forestry. --- Botany. --- Plant Pathology. --- Forestry. --- Plant Sciences. --- Botanical science --- Phytobiology --- Phytography --- Phytology --- Plant biology --- Plant science --- Biology --- Natural history --- Plants --- Forest land --- Forest lands --- Forest planting --- Forest production --- Forest sciences --- Forestation --- Forested lands --- Forestland --- Forestlands --- Forestry --- Forestry industry --- Forestry sciences --- Land, Forest --- Lands, Forest --- Silviculture --- Sylviculture --- Woodlands --- Woods (Forests) --- Agriculture --- Natural resources --- Afforestation --- Arboriculture --- Logging --- Timber --- Tree crops --- Trees --- Botany --- Communicable diseases in plants --- Crop diseases --- Crops --- Diseases of plants --- Microbial diseases in plants --- Pathological botany --- Pathology, Vegetable --- Phytopathology --- Plant pathology --- Vegetable pathology --- Agricultural pests --- Crop losses --- Diseased plants --- Plant pathologists --- Plant quarantine --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Pathology --- Diseases and pests --- Diseases --- Wounds and injuries --- Plant pathology. --- Plant science. --- Floristic botany

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With growing concern for environmental pollution and presence of chemical residues in grains, vegetables, fruits and other food materials, biological disease management tactics have emerged as potential alternative to chemical application for containing crop diseases. Biological control agents (BCAs) – biotic and abiotic agents – have been demonstrated to be effective against diseases caused by microbial plant pathogens. Biological management of diseases of crops involves utilization of biotic and abiotic agents that act through one or more mechanisms to reduce the potential of the pathogen directly or indirectly by activating the host defense systems to reduce the disease incidence and/or intensity. Biotic biological control agents include living oomycetes, fungi, bacteria and viruses that have inhibitory effects on the microbial pathogens through various mechanisms of action such as antagonism, competition for nutrients and niches, prevention of colonization of host tissues by the pathogen and induction resistance in plants against the diseases. It is essential to assay the biocontrol potential of all species/isolates of fungal, bacterial and viral BCAs in in vitro, greenhouse, and under field and storage conditions, in addition to their precise identification by biological, immunological and nucleic acid-based assays. Abiotic biological control agents include solarization, physical and chemical agents and those derived from diverse organic and inorganic sources. Organic amendments such as composts, green manures, vegetable wastes, plant extracts and secondary metabolites like essential oils have been shown to have high level of disease-suppressive activity. Chitosan derived from the crab shell, synthetic organic compounds such as SA, ASM, BTH and BABA have been used for treating seeds and plants. Combination of biotic and abiotic agents leads to synergism and consequent improvement in the effectiveness of disease control.  Some of the biotic abiotic agents have provided effective disease suppression, when tested under in vitro and field and storage conditions. Protocols for isolation, identification and assessing the biocontrol activities of biotic and abiotic biocontrol agents provided in relevant chapters will be useful for researchers and teachers.

Phytopathogenic microorganisms -- Biological control. --- Phytopathogenic microorganisms -- Control. --- Plant diseases. --- Agriculture --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Plant Sciences --- Phytopathogenic microorganisms --- Biological control. --- Biocontrol of plant diseases --- Biological control of phytopathogenic microorganisms --- Biological control of plant diseases --- Plant diseases --- Biological control --- Life sciences. --- Agriculture. --- Plant ecology. --- Microbiology. --- Plant pathology. --- Plant breeding. --- Life Sciences. --- Plant Pathology. --- Plant Ecology. --- Plant Breeding/Biotechnology. --- Life Sciences, general. --- Biosciences --- Sciences, Life --- Science --- Crops --- Breeding --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Botany --- Plants --- Ecology --- Microbial biology --- Biology --- Microorganisms --- Communicable diseases in plants --- Crop diseases --- Diseases of plants --- Microbial diseases in plants --- Pathological botany --- Pathology, Vegetable --- Phytopathology --- Plant pathology --- Vegetable pathology --- Agricultural pests --- Crop losses --- Diseased plants --- Plant pathologists --- Plant quarantine --- Pathology --- Diseases and pests --- Diseases --- Wounds and injuries --- Phytoecology --- Vegetation ecology --- Floristic ecology --- Control.