Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Deep biosphere research is at the scientific frontier of bio- and geo-related sciences, yet it is largely underexplored. In terms of volume, deep subsurface settings represent some of the largest microbial habitats on the planet, and the combined biomass of the deep biosphere encompasses the largest living reservoir of carbon, excluding land plants. However, the paleo-record of the deep biosphere is still largely uncharted and neglected. The aim of this book is to highlight current research on deep life through time and bring together researchers with various perspectives. The book presents a collection of scientific contributions that provide a sample of forefront research in this field. The contributions involve a range of case studies of deep ancient life in continental and oceanic settings, of microbial diversity in sub-seafloor environments, and of the isolation of calcifying bacteria, as well as reviews on clay mineralization of fungal biofilms and on the carbon isotope records of the deep biosphere. Deciphering the fossil record of the deep biosphere is a challenging task but, when successful, will unlock doors to life’s cryptic past.

Research & information: general --- Impact structure --- fungal hyphae --- in situ radiometric dating --- secondary minerals --- stable isotopes --- subsurface --- sediment --- bacteria --- archaea --- deep biosphere --- clay authigenesis --- fossil fungi --- igneous crust --- cryptoendoliths --- subseafloor habitats --- fossilized microorganisms --- Ophiolite --- bacterial calcium-carbonate precipitation (BCP) --- calcifying bacteria selection --- calcifying mixed cultures --- ImageJ software --- Biolog EcoPlates --- sand biocementation --- carbon isotopes --- diagenetic carbonates --- methanogenesis --- anaerobic methane oxidation --- Wood–Ljungdahl pathway --- in situ U-Pb geochronology --- Caledonides --- deep drilling (COSC-1) --- geobiology --- deep time --- geochronology --- microorganisms --- evolution --- Impact structure --- fungal hyphae --- in situ radiometric dating --- secondary minerals --- stable isotopes --- subsurface --- sediment --- bacteria --- archaea --- deep biosphere --- clay authigenesis --- fossil fungi --- igneous crust --- cryptoendoliths --- subseafloor habitats --- fossilized microorganisms --- Ophiolite --- bacterial calcium-carbonate precipitation (BCP) --- calcifying bacteria selection --- calcifying mixed cultures --- ImageJ software --- Biolog EcoPlates --- sand biocementation --- carbon isotopes --- diagenetic carbonates --- methanogenesis --- anaerobic methane oxidation --- Wood–Ljungdahl pathway --- in situ U-Pb geochronology --- Caledonides --- deep drilling (COSC-1) --- geobiology --- deep time --- geochronology --- microorganisms --- evolution

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Deep biosphere research is at the scientific frontier of bio- and geo-related sciences, yet it is largely underexplored. In terms of volume, deep subsurface settings represent some of the largest microbial habitats on the planet, and the combined biomass of the deep biosphere encompasses the largest living reservoir of carbon, excluding land plants. However, the paleo-record of the deep biosphere is still largely uncharted and neglected. The aim of this book is to highlight current research on deep life through time and bring together researchers with various perspectives. The book presents a collection of scientific contributions that provide a sample of forefront research in this field. The contributions involve a range of case studies of deep ancient life in continental and oceanic settings, of microbial diversity in sub-seafloor environments, and of the isolation of calcifying bacteria, as well as reviews on clay mineralization of fungal biofilms and on the carbon isotope records of the deep biosphere. Deciphering the fossil record of the deep biosphere is a challenging task but, when successful, will unlock doors to life’s cryptic past.

Impact structure --- fungal hyphae --- in situ radiometric dating --- secondary minerals --- stable isotopes --- subsurface --- sediment --- bacteria --- archaea --- deep biosphere --- clay authigenesis --- fossil fungi --- igneous crust --- cryptoendoliths --- subseafloor habitats --- fossilized microorganisms --- Ophiolite --- bacterial calcium-carbonate precipitation (BCP) --- calcifying bacteria selection --- calcifying mixed cultures --- ImageJ software --- Biolog EcoPlates --- sand biocementation --- carbon isotopes --- diagenetic carbonates --- methanogenesis --- anaerobic methane oxidation --- Wood–Ljungdahl pathway --- in situ U-Pb geochronology --- Caledonides --- deep drilling (COSC-1) --- geobiology --- deep time --- geochronology --- microorganisms --- evolution

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This reprint collates papers from a Special Issue of the journal Antibiotics, which was entitled "Ocular surface Infection and Antimicrobials". The papers cover aspects such as common microbes which cause ocular infections and their susceptibility to antibiotics; how guidelines for antibiotic use can translate to improved patient compliance; how bacteria respond to antibiotics; and lastly, new treatments and ways of preventing ocular surface infections.

Bacteriology (non-medical) --- coagulase-negative staphylococci --- eye infections --- endophthalmitis --- keratitis --- conjunctivitis --- blepharitis --- API Staph --- Biolog --- DNA sequencing --- sodA gene --- antibiotic susceptibility --- bacterial infection --- Serratia marcescens --- transcription factor --- ocular surface --- epithelium --- cornea --- metabolomics --- ocular infection --- predatory bacteria --- Bdellovibrio --- Micavibrio --- Pseudomonas aeruginosa --- Enterobacterales --- infection --- bacteria --- stress response system --- antibiotic --- Staphylococcus aureus --- antibiotic resistance --- biofilms --- antimicrobial peptides --- ciprofloxacin --- combined effect --- microbial keratitis --- corneal infiltrative events --- MPDS susceptibility --- Staphyloccus aureus --- MSSA --- pulsed-field gel electrophoresis --- multilocus sequence typing --- Panton-Valentine leukocidin --- Mel4 peptide --- antimicrobial contact lens --- extended wear --- biocompatibility --- comfort --- clinical trail --- misuse of antibiotics --- orthokeratology --- contact lens --- questionnaire --- contact lenses --- ultraviolet C --- Pseudomonas --- Staphylococcus --- Fusarium --- Candida --- ocular infectious isolates --- whole genome sequencing --- virulence factors --- n/a

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

In many parts of the world, freshwater is a subject of frequent and intense large-scale disturbances. Pollution, water withdrawal, alteration of freshwater flows, road construction, aquifer mining, surface water diversion, desertification, wetland drainage, soil erosion in agriculture, deforestation, and dam building have led to some irreversible species losses and severe changes in community compositions of freshwater ecosystems. Pollution represents one of the most relevant impacts on freshwater environments, ranging from surface water bodies—such as springs, streams, rivers, lakes, and intermittent waterbodies—to groundwater and transitional habitats between surface waters and groundwaters. The origins and fates of pollutants are different and depend on various pollutants, including fertilizers with pesticides in agricultural areas, heavy metals, chlorinated organic compounds, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are predominantly derived from industrial and urban settlements. Another pollutant is microplastics, which can increase in concentration in freshwater bodies and constitute emerging contaminants in freshwater systems when taken together with pharmaceuticals, personal care products (PCPs), and endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs). The broad distribution of several pollutants leads to significant changes of freshwater ecosystems, together with the extinction of the most sensitive species or the drastic lowering in abundances of others, thus altering community compositions and the ecosystem services provided by freshwater biodiversity.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Ecological science, the Biosphere --- multiple stressors --- pesticides --- freshwater ecology --- ecotoxicology --- synergism --- resource limitation --- population density --- groundwater --- karst aquifer --- pollution --- quarry --- Apuan Alps --- groundwater ecology --- stygofauna --- stygobite --- aquifer --- syncarida --- crustaceans --- copepods --- stygobiotic --- traits --- nitrate --- ammonium --- nitrite --- nitrogen --- contamination --- AQUALIFE software --- groundwater dependent ecosystems --- threats --- biodiversity --- abundance-size scaling theory --- benthos --- hyporheos --- freshwater communities --- pharmaceuticals --- large scale survey --- Biolog EcoPlatesTM --- flow cytometry --- microbial community --- metabolic fingerprint --- groundwater quality --- hydrogeochemistry --- Chironomidae --- Chironomus plumosus larvae --- mentum deformities --- freshwater contamination --- Lake Trasimeno --- platinum --- bioaccumulation --- passive sample --- freshwater clam --- Corbicula fluminalis africana --- diet --- Triturus carnifex --- mountain karst ponds --- microplastics --- heavy metals --- EOCs --- landfill --- marble slurry --- neonicotinoids --- software --- multiple stressors --- pesticides --- freshwater ecology --- ecotoxicology --- synergism --- resource limitation --- population density --- groundwater --- karst aquifer --- pollution --- quarry --- Apuan Alps --- groundwater ecology --- stygofauna --- stygobite --- aquifer --- syncarida --- crustaceans --- copepods --- stygobiotic --- traits --- nitrate --- ammonium --- nitrite --- nitrogen --- contamination --- AQUALIFE software --- groundwater dependent ecosystems --- threats --- biodiversity --- abundance-size scaling theory --- benthos --- hyporheos --- freshwater communities --- pharmaceuticals --- large scale survey --- Biolog EcoPlatesTM --- flow cytometry --- microbial community --- metabolic fingerprint --- groundwater quality --- hydrogeochemistry --- Chironomidae --- Chironomus plumosus larvae --- mentum deformities --- freshwater contamination --- Lake Trasimeno --- platinum --- bioaccumulation --- passive sample --- freshwater clam --- Corbicula fluminalis africana --- diet --- Triturus carnifex --- mountain karst ponds --- microplastics --- heavy metals --- EOCs --- landfill --- marble slurry --- neonicotinoids --- software

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Soil degradation is one of the most topical environmental threats. A number of processes causing soil degradation, specifically erosion, compaction, salinization, pollution, and loss of both organic matter and soil biodiversity, are also strictly connected to agricultural activity and its intensification. The development and adoption of sustainable agronomic practices able to preserve and enhance the physical, chemical, and biological properties of soils and improve agroecosystem functions is a challenge for both scientists and farmers. The Special Issue entitled “Sustainable Agriculture and Soil Conservation” collects 12 original contributions addressing the state of the art of sustainable agriculture and soil conservation. The papers cover a wide range of topics, including organic agriculture, soil amendment and soil organic carbon (SOC) management, the impact of SOC on soil water repellency, the effects of soil tillage on the quantity of SOC associated with several fractions of soil particles and depth, and SOC prediction, using visible and near-infrared spectra and multivariate modeling. Moreover, the effects of some soil contaminants (e.g., crude oil, tungsten, copper, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) are discussed or reviewed in light of the recent literature. The collection of the manuscripts presented in this Special Issue provides a relevant knowledge contribution for improving our understanding on sustainable agriculture and soil conservation, thus stimulating new views on this main topic.

Tungsten --- corn uptake --- soil characteristics --- Freundlich model --- Biolog® --- community-level physiological profiling (CLPP) --- functional diversity indices --- metabolic bacterial diversity --- olive --- soil fertility --- soil quality --- maize --- stomata --- soil --- phenanthrene --- remediation --- qualitative multi-attribute model --- total energy output --- agro-ecological service crops --- ex-post sustainability --- organic systems --- amendment --- biochar --- brewers’ spent grain --- hop --- image analysis --- plant growth --- Beerkan method --- infiltration --- forest restoration --- soil water repellency --- tillage --- fertilization --- soil depth --- organic carbon --- clay minerals --- diffuse reflectance --- infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy --- bioremediation --- composting --- PAHs --- organic co-substrates --- mulching --- flattening --- irrigation --- photosynthesis --- transpiration --- water stress integral --- fruit growth --- water use efficiency --- productivity --- soil organic matter --- near-infrared spectroscopy --- spatial heterogeneity --- multivariate adaptive regression splines --- partial least squares regression --- anaerobic digestion residues --- soil amendment --- soil fertilization --- soil organic C --- soil porosity --- soil microbial community --- copper --- rhizosphere --- smart agriculture --- microbes --- vineyard --- organic agriculture --- soil organic carbon --- soil management --- soil contamination --- soil remediation --- sustainable fruit growing --- water conservation practices --- multivariate statistical models for SOC prediction