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The ever-increasing price of raw materials and energy is increasingly felt by industries, which need to keep track of the optimal values of their measured data. Data validation and reconciliation (DVR) usually comes after simulation, as a method for its user to see and locate deviations of measurements from the optimal plant operation, as well as to define their origin.
Previous to the core of this work, a chapter on the state-of-the-art has been made. It contains
mainly the description of the Biowanze plant, as well as a comparison of similar modeled processes in terms of purity, energy consumption, and yield of Bioethanol. It also contains a comparison of alternative processes, such as replacing the Biowanze dehydration membrane with an azeotropic distillation column, extractive column, or via the use of pressure swing distillation.
The objective of this work is to model the distillation section of Biowanze. On the one hand,
in terms of simulation to propose possible improvements to the current state of the process. On the other hand, in terms of validation to compare the reconciled modeled data with the measured data over 2 months.
Throughout the work carried out until its completion, the main difficulty was to create a simulation
model as representative as possible of the Biowanze process, thanks to the use of the DISVAL
columns of the Vali software. The second difficulty of this work was to be able to retrieve the
measured data from Biowanze, and to associate all these measurements to the correct modeled tags.
In the end, numerous plots comparing the reconciled values obtained by the model with the
measured values from Biowanze are made. The origin of the discrepancies between the reconciled and measured data is not easy to explain because it depends on almost everything in the process. The main results obtained are that the feed stage of the rectification column is located too high in this column and that the reflux of the rectification column, heating the mash column, could be decreased while keeping the same ethanol production. Both of these lead to too much steam being fed into the process and higher costs.
Finally, a chapter on perspectives has been written to mention the next steps for improvement.
Taking into account, the efficiency of the modeled columns should decrease the differences between measured and reconciled values. Also, adding in the model the dehydration section, the fermenter, and the Evapo2 section to then make a pinch analysis of the model close to the real process could help to discover opportunities for process improvement.

Bioethanol --- Validation --- Simulation --- Belsim --- Biowanze --- Distillation column --- DVR --- Liquid-vapor equilibrium --- Ingénierie, informatique & technologie > Ingénierie chimique

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Yeasts are truly fascinating microorganisms. Due to their diverse and dynamic activities, they have been used for the production of many interesting products, such as beer, wine, bread, biofuels, and biopharmaceuticals. Saccharomyces cerevisiae (brewers’ or bakers’ yeast) is the yeast species that is surely the most exploited by humans. Saccharomyces is a top-choice organism for industrial applications, although its use for producing beer dates back to at least the 6th millennium BC. Bakers’ yeast has been a cornerstone of modern biotechnology, enabling the development of efficient production processes. Today, diverse yeast species are explored for industrial applications. This Special Issue “Yeast Biotechnology 2.0” is a continuation of the first Special Issue, “Yeast Biotechnology” (https://www.mdpi.com/books/pdfview/book/324). It compiles the current state-of-the-art of research and technology in the area of “yeast biotechnology” and highlights prominent current research directions in the fields of yeast synthetic biology and strain engineering, new developments in efficient biomolecule production, fermented beverages (beer, wine, and honey fermentation), and yeast nanobiotechnology.]

bioethanol production --- mead --- nanobiotechnology --- fermentation-derived products --- flavor --- citric acid production --- enzyme production --- non-Saccharomyces yeasts --- fermented beverages --- bioreactors --- Saccharomyces cerevisiae --- wine --- beer

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This book focuses on catalytic hydrogen generation from formic acid, ammonia borane, and ethanol as well as on the production of fuels from tar using formic acid as a hydrogen source. The list of discussed catalysts includes single-atom catalysts, metallic/bimetallic catalysts, and supported metal complexes. These catalysts were thoroughly characterized using different methods. Optimized catalyst compositions are proposed.

Technology: general issues --- Chemical engineering --- hydrocracking --- tar --- formic acid --- nickel --- zeolite --- hydrogen donor --- catalyst --- formic acid decomposition --- hydrogen --- biomass --- metal complex --- heterogeneous catalyst --- ruthenium --- iridium --- iron --- palladium --- nitrogen --- carbon nanotubes --- ammonia borane --- hydrogen production --- hydrogen carrier --- hydrogen storage --- Ru nanoparticles --- renewable hydrogen --- biofuel --- reforming of bioethanol --- bimetallic catalyst --- modifier --- catalysts --- hydrocracking --- tar --- formic acid --- nickel --- zeolite --- hydrogen donor --- catalyst --- formic acid decomposition --- hydrogen --- biomass --- metal complex --- heterogeneous catalyst --- ruthenium --- iridium --- iron --- palladium --- nitrogen --- carbon nanotubes --- ammonia borane --- hydrogen production --- hydrogen carrier --- hydrogen storage --- Ru nanoparticles --- renewable hydrogen --- biofuel --- reforming of bioethanol --- bimetallic catalyst --- modifier --- catalysts

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This book focuses on catalytic hydrogen generation from formic acid, ammonia borane, and ethanol as well as on the production of fuels from tar using formic acid as a hydrogen source. The list of discussed catalysts includes single-atom catalysts, metallic/bimetallic catalysts, and supported metal complexes. These catalysts were thoroughly characterized using different methods. Optimized catalyst compositions are proposed.

Technology: general issues --- Chemical engineering --- hydrocracking --- tar --- formic acid --- nickel --- zeolite --- hydrogen donor --- catalyst --- formic acid decomposition --- hydrogen --- biomass --- metal complex --- heterogeneous catalyst --- ruthenium --- iridium --- iron --- palladium --- nitrogen --- carbon nanotubes --- ammonia borane --- hydrogen production --- hydrogen carrier --- hydrogen storage --- Ru nanoparticles --- renewable hydrogen --- biofuel --- reforming of bioethanol --- bimetallic catalyst --- modifier --- catalysts

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The negative impacts of global warming and global environmental pollution due to fossil fuels mean that the main challenge of modern society is finding alternatives to conventional fuels. In this scenario, biofuels derived from renewable biomass represent the most promising renewable energy sources. Depending on the biomass used by the fermentation technologies, it is possible to obtain first-generation biofuels produced from food crops, second-generation biofuels produced from non-food feedstock, mainly starting from renewable lignocellulosic biomasses, and third-generation biofuels, represented by algae or food waste biomass.Although biofuels appear to be the closest alternative to fossil fuels, it is necessary for them to be produced in competitive quantities and costs, requiring both improvements to production technologies and the diversification of feedstock. This Special Issue is focused on technological innovations, including the utilization of different feedstocks, with a particular focus on biethanol production from food waste; different biomass pretreatments; fermentation strategies, such as simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) or separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF); different applied microorganisms used as a monoculture or co-culture; and different setups for biofuel fermentation processes.The manuscripts collected represent a great opportunity for adding new knowledge to the scientific community as well as industry.

Technology: general issues --- Biotechnology --- biofuels --- corn --- extraction --- enzyme-assisted --- protein --- soybean --- molecular sieve --- water removal --- rotary shaking --- electromagnetic stirring --- biofuel --- gasohol --- trend analysis --- promotion policy --- regulatory measure --- bottleneck --- synthesis gas fermentation --- volumetric mass transfer coefficient --- Tween 80® surfactant --- gasification --- multi-objective optimization --- bioethanol --- syngas fermentation --- modeling --- sustainability --- soapberry pericarp --- carbonization --- biochar --- pore property --- surface chemistry --- biomethane --- food waste --- co-production --- biorefinery --- bioelectrochemical system (BES) --- carbon dioxide sequestration --- extracellular electron transfer (EET) --- electroactive microorganisms --- microbial biocatalyst --- electro-fermentation --- circular economy --- downstream processing (DSP) --- gene manipulation --- biogas --- compost leachate --- pressurized anaerobic digestion --- ethanol --- simultaneous saccharification and fermentation --- Saccharomyces cerevisiae --- single cell protein --- pineapple waste --- cell wall sugar --- fermentation --- spent sugar beet pulp --- model --- economics --- pretreatment --- saccharification --- B. ceiba --- biomass --- second-generation biofuel --- bioenergy --- biodiesel --- non-fossil fuel --- empty fruit bunches --- response surface methodology --- central composite design --- biofuel production technologies --- downstream processing --- energy --- bioethanol production --- agroforest and industrial waste feedstock valorization --- microorganisms for biofuel