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2013 saw the launch of the largest, most influential investment initiative in recent memory: China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). This globe-spanning strategy has reshaped local economies and regionals networks, and it has become a contested subject for scholars and practitioners alike. How should we make sense of the complex interactions that the BRI has enabled? Understanding these processes requires truly global perspectives alongside careful attention to the role that local actors play in giving shape to individual BRI projects. The contributions in this volume provide both 'big picture' assessments of China's role in regional and global interactions and detailed case studies that home in on the role agency plays in BRI dynamics. Written by leading area studies scholars with diverse disciplinary expertise, this book reveals how Chinese efforts to recalibrate the world are taken up, challenged, revamped, and reworked in diverse contexts around the world.
POLITICAL SCIENCE / International Relations / General. --- Agency. --- BRI. --- Belt and Road Initiative. --- China. --- Connectivity.
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China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), China's globe-girdling infrastructure and trade corridor project, is a rare watershed in international affairs. It affects, whether directly or indirectly, nearly the entire world, directly involving more than 60 countries, nearly 4.5 billion people (about two-thirds of the world's population), up to $8 trillion, and around 40 per cent of the global economy. BRI also entails a rising power - perhaps the next superpower - endeavouring to build one of the biggest and most expensive super-projects the world has ever seen. If it achieves its potential, BRI could even pose a threat to the Bretton Woods global economic model that has prevailed since the end of the World War II. BRI has the potential to change the world in a big way. And yet, the project also confronts security and financial challenges that are as serious as its potential is soaring. In this way, BRI is a topic that needs serious examination. This book features chapters on BRI prepared by top international scholars who have been tracking the project closely. The chapters assess the project's impact across Asia, highlight its opportunities and challenges, and consider what might be in store in the future.
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Le 12 mai 2018, la RTBF annonçait que le premier train chinois empruntant la route de la soie ferroviaire arrivait à Anvers . Le train a effectué 11 000 kilomètres en 16 jours pour relier la ville de Tangshan en Chine au plus grand port de Belgique. D’après le journaliste ayant rédigé l’article, cette liaison fait partie de la « Belt and Road Initiative » (BRI). Une rapide recherche sur le sujet suffit pour comprendre à quel point il s’agit d’un projet polyforme. La meilleure illustration étant la variété de noms qu’il peut porter ; puisqu’on le retrouve sous diverses appellations telles que « One Belt, One Road », « Belt and Road Initiative », « New Silk Road ». Dès lors, qu’est-ce que la BRI ?
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Across the Chinese borderlands, investments in large-scale transnational infrastructure such as roads and special economic zones have increased exponentially over the past two decades. Based on long-term ethnographic research, 'Borderland infrastructures' addresses a major contradiction at the heart of this fast-paced development: small-scale traders have lost their historic strategic advantages under the growth of massive Chinese state investment and are now struggling to keep their businesses afloat. Concurrently, local ethnic minorities have become the target of radical resettlement projects, securitization, and tourism initiatives, and have in many cases grown increasingly dependent on state subsidies. At the juncture of anthropological explorations of the state, border studies, and research on transnational trade and infrastructure development, 'Borderland infrastructures' provides new analytical tools to understand how state power is experienced, mediated, and enacted in Xinjiang and Yunnan. In the process, Rippa offers a rich and nuanced ethnography of life across China's peripheries.
Borderlands --- Intergovernmental fiscal relations --- Infrastructure (Economics) --- Economic aspects --- Anthropology. --- Belt and Road Initiative. --- Border studies. --- China. --- Infrastructure.
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China's Belt and Road Initiative aims to improve connectivity between China and more than 70 countries through infrastructure investment and regional cooperation. The initiative has the potential to accelerate significantly the rate of economic integration and development in the region, as trade costs decline. The goals of this paper are to (i) study the impacts of infrastructure improvements on Belt and Road Initiative and non-Belt and Road Initiative countries' trade flows, growth, and poverty; and (ii) suggest policies that would help maximize gains from the Belt and Road Initiative-induced trade cost declines. The analysis captures the trade costs reductions as a result of infrastructure improvements. The findings indicate that the Belt and Road Initiative would be largely beneficial. First, global income increases by 0.7 percent (in 2030 relative to the baseline). This translates into almost half a trillion dollars in 2014 prices and market exchange rates. The Belt and Road Initiative area captures 82 percent of the gain, with the largest percent gains in East Asia. Second, globally, the Belt and Road Initiative could contribute to lifting 8.7 million people from extreme poverty and 34 million from moderate poverty. Third, the initiative would lead to a modest increase in global carbon dioxide emissions, with a complex set of positive and negative outcomes at the national level for other types of emissions.
Belt And Road Initiative --- Computable General Equilibrium --- Emissions --- Environment And Trade --- Infrastructure --- Infrastructure Economics and Finance --- Poverty --- Transport
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Across the Chinese borderlands, investments in large-scale transnational infrastructure such as roads and special economic zones have increased exponentially over the past two decades. Based on long-term ethnographic research, 'Borderland infrastructures' addresses a major contradiction at the heart of this fast-paced development: small-scale traders have lost their historic strategic advantages under the growth of massive Chinese state investment and are now struggling to keep their businesses afloat. Concurrently, local ethnic minorities have become the target of radical resettlement projects, securitization, and tourism initiatives, and have in many cases grown increasingly dependent on state subsidies. At the juncture of anthropological explorations of the state, border studies, and research on transnational trade and infrastructure development, 'Borderland infrastructures' provides new analytical tools to understand how state power is experienced, mediated, and enacted in Xinjiang and Yunnan. In the process, Rippa offers a rich and nuanced ethnography of life across China's peripheries.
Borderlands --- Intergovernmental fiscal relations --- Infrastructure (Economics) --- Economic aspects --- Anthropology. --- Belt and Road Initiative. --- Border studies. --- China. --- Infrastructure.
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Across the Chinese borderlands, investments in large-scale transnational infrastructure such as roads and special economic zones have increased exponentially over the past two decades. Based on long-term ethnographic research, 'Borderland infrastructures' addresses a major contradiction at the heart of this fast-paced development: small-scale traders have lost their historic strategic advantages under the growth of massive Chinese state investment and are now struggling to keep their businesses afloat. Concurrently, local ethnic minorities have become the target of radical resettlement projects, securitization, and tourism initiatives, and have in many cases grown increasingly dependent on state subsidies. At the juncture of anthropological explorations of the state, border studies, and research on transnational trade and infrastructure development, 'Borderland infrastructures' provides new analytical tools to understand how state power is experienced, mediated, and enacted in Xinjiang and Yunnan. In the process, Rippa offers a rich and nuanced ethnography of life across China's peripheries.
Borderlands --- Intergovernmental fiscal relations --- Infrastructure (Economics) --- Anthropology. --- Belt and Road Initiative. --- Border studies. --- China. --- Infrastructure. --- Economic aspects
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The Belt and Road Initiative is a new globalization initiative to strengthen economic integration, which provides new opportunities for China's trade cooperation with countries along the Belt and Road. The research on the influencing factors of trade and the great potential of trade cooperation is of great practical significance for promoting the regional economic cooperation of the countries along the Belt and Road. Specifically, what is the potential for trade between China and the Belt and Road Initiative participating countries? What are the current influencing factors to the realization of trade potential? How significant is the impact? To this aim, this paper takes 80 countries which have signed the One Belt And One Road memorandum with China as the research object, collects the trade panel data of the decade from 2009 to 2018. Then empirically analyzes the trade influencing factors of the import and export trade between China and these countries by augmented gravity model. After that, the trade potential is further estimated. The results show that the GDP of the two countries, the size of their populations, telephone infrastructure, trade freedom, the quality of railroad infrastructure, and whether it borders China have an impact on both import and export. Level of government governance, investment freedom, air transportation and port infrastructure, whether it signs RTA with China has an impact on China's exports. RMB exchange rate, Internet communication infrastructure and geographical distance between the two countries only affect China's imports. Among the 80 markets along the route, 31 countries have great trade potential to be developed. More than half of these are Europe and Central Asia, sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia countries. Finally, based on the research results of this paper, policy enlightenment is obtained.
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This paper examines the patterns and economic effects of foreign direct investment across the Belt and Road Initiative countries and assesses the potential role of the initiative in shaping the patterns and effects. Exploring cross-country bilateral transportation cost and foreign investment data, the analysis shows that, by reducing overall travel times and transportation costs, the proposed Belt and Road Initiative transportation network can pave the way for additional investments and increased growth in gross domestic product. But the magnitude of the effect varies significantly across source and destination countries. Aggregate foreign direct investment in Belt and Road Initiative countries is predicted to increase by around 5 percent, with regions such as Sub-Saharan Africa and East Asia and Pacific seeing greater potential gains. The increase in foreign direct investment can exert a positive effect on GDP, trade, and employment growth, especially for lower-income countries.
Foreign Direct Investment --- Foreign Investment --- Growth --- Infrastructure Economics And Finance --- Roads & Highways --- The Belt And Road Initiative --- Time --- Transport --- Transportation Cost
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This paper studies the production and trade linkages between a selected group of economies belonging to the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). After defining a group of Belt and Road Economies, the paper uses three standard trade databases to analyze trade and production linkages among these economies. With the help of state of the art economic decompositions of input-output tables, coupled with standard international trade statistics, the analysis quantifies the amount of production sharing between the economies of the area. The main finding is that trade integration among Belt and Road Economies has largely increased: Intraregional exports went from 30.6 percent in 1995 to 43.3 percent in 2015. Since the increase in gross exports was driven mostly by intermediate goods, the study investigates the evolution of regional production networks across Belt and Road Economies.
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