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Jewish identity and politics between the Maccabees and Bar Kokhba : groups, normativity, and rituals
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ISBN: 1283326965 9786613326966 9004218513 Year: 2011 Publisher: Leiden ; Boston : Brill,

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The 300 years between the beginning of Maccabean resistance against Seleucid rule and the end of the Bar Kokhba revolt were formative for the development of Jewish identity in antiquity. The frequent political changes (from Seleucid to Hasmonean, Herodian and Roman rule) presented profound challenges to Jewish self-understanding. Political adjustments were coupled with internal reconfigurations. We witness the invention and reinterpretation of rituals, the emergence of new religious groups, and the use of scripture as argument. This volume brings together the perspectives of scholars of different background in order to make use of the multifaceted evidence. The interdisciplinary approach leads to a comprehensive picture of the interrelation between identity and politics in this crucial period of ancient Jewish history.


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Language and literacy in Roman Judaea : a study of the Bar Kokhba documents
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Year: 2015 Publisher: New Haven, [Connecticut] ; London, [England] : Yale University Press,

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This comprehensive exploration of language and literacy in the multi-lingual environment of Roman Palestine (c. 63 B.C.E. to 136 C.E.) is based on Michael Wise’s extensive study of 145 Hebrew, Aramaic, Greek, and Nabataean contracts and letters preserved among the Bar Kokhba texts, a valuable cache of ancient Middle Eastern artifacts. His investigation of Judean documentary and epistolary culture derives for the first time numerical data concerning literacy rates, language choices, and writing fluency during the two-century span between Pompey’s conquest and Hadrian’s rule. He explores questions of who could read in these ancient times of Jesus and Hillel, what they read, and how language worked in this complex multi-tongued milieu. Included also is an analysis of the ways these documents were written and the interplay among authors, secretaries, and scribes. Additional analysis provides readers with a detailed picture of the people, families, and lives behind the texts.


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The documents from the Bar-Kokhba period in the cave of letters : greek papyri. [suivi de] Aramaic and Nabatean signatures and subscriptions
Authors: --- ---
ISBN: 9652210099 9789652210098 Year: 1989 Volume: 2 Publisher: Jerusalem : Israel Exploration Society,


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Bar Kochba : de herontdekking van de legendarische held van de laatste joodse opstand tegen het romeinse keizerrijk
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ISBN: 9022839362 9789022839362 Year: 1972 Publisher: Bussum Fibula-Van Dishoeck

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Jewish War under Trajan and Hadrian
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ISBN: 1139984578 1316009823 1139989189 1316005321 1316012069 0521626757 1316000826 131600306X 1316007561 1139049054 0521622964 1322176469 Year: 2014 Publisher: Cambridge : Cambridge University Press,

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Two major Jewish risings against Rome took place in the years following the destruction of Jerusalem - the first during Trajan's Parthian war, and the second, led by Bar Kokhba, under Hadrian's principate. The impact of these risings not only on Judaea, but also on Cyrene, Egypt, Cyprus and Mesopotamia, is shown by accounts in both ancient Jewish and non-Jewish literature. More recently discovered sources include letters and documents from fighters and refugees, and inscriptions attesting war and restoration. Historical evaluation has veered between regret for a pointless bloodbath and admiration for sustained resistance. William Horbury offers a new history of these risings, presenting a fresh review of sources and interpretations. He explores the period of Jewish war under Trajan and Hadrian not just as the end of an era, but also as a time of continuity in Jewish life and development in Jewish and Christian origins.

The Bar Kokhba War reconsidered : new perpsectives on the Second Jewish Revolt against Rome
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ISBN: 3161480767 Year: 2003 Volume: 100 Publisher: Tübingen Mohr Siebeck


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The second Jewish revolt : The Bar Kokhba War, 132- 136 CE
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ISBN: 9789004314627 9004314628 9789004314634 9004314636 Year: 2016 Volume: 50 Publisher: Leiden, Netherlands ; Boston, [Massachusetts] : Brill,

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In The Second Jewish Revolt: The Bar Kokhba War, 132-136 C.E. , Menahem Mor offers a detailed account on the Bar Kokhba Revolt in an attempt to understand the second revolt against the Romans. Since the Bar Kokhba Revolt did not have a historian who devoted a comprehensive book to the event, Mor used a variety of historical materials including literary sources (Jewish, Christian, Greek and Latin) and archaeological sources (inscriptions, coins, military diplomas, hideouts, and refuge complexes). The book reviews the causes for the outbreak while explaining the complexity of the territorial expansion of the Revolt. Mor portrays the participants and opponents as well as the attitudes of the non-Jewish population in Palestine. He exposes the Roman Army’s part in Judaea, the Jewish leadership and the implications of the Revolt.


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Bar-Kokhba : the rediscovery of the legendary hero of the last Jewish revolt against imperial Rome.
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ISBN: 0297003453 0394471849 Year: 1971 Publisher: London Weidenfeld and Nicolson

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Akiva : life, legend, legacy
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ISBN: 9780827612488 0827612486 9780827612754 0827612753 9780827612150 082761215X 9780827612495 0827612494 Year: 2015 Publisher: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania : The Jewish Publication Society,

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"Reuven Hammer traces the life of the great and legendary Sage, from youth to a martyr's death, and his many contributions to Rabbinic Judaism"-- "The legendary Akiva ben Yosef has fascinated Jews for centuries. One of and arguably the most important of the Tannaim, or early Jewish sages, he lived during a crucial era in the development of Judaism as we know it today, and his theology played a major part in the development of Rabbinic Judaism. Reuven Hammer details Akiva's life as it led to a martyr's death and delves into the rich legacy Akiva left us.That legacy played an extraordinarily important role in helping the Jewish people survive difficult challenges and forge a vibrant religious life anew and it continues to influence Jewish law, ethics, and theology even today. Akiva's contribution to the development of Oral Torah cannot be overestimated, and in this first book written in English about the sage since 1936, Hammer reassesses Akiva's role from the period before the destruction of the Temple in 70 CE until the Bar Kokhba Revolt in 135 CE. He also assesses new findings about the growth of early Judaism, the reasons why Akiva was so outspoken about "Christian Jews," the influence of Hellenism, the Septuagint, and the canonization of the Hebrew Bible. Ultimately, Hammer shows that Judaism without Akiva would be a very different religion"--


Book
The Excavations at Khirbet el-Maqatir: 1995-2001 and 2009-2016 : Volume 2: The Late Hellenistic, Early Roman, and Byzantine Periods
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ISBN: 1803272120 1803272112 Year: 2023 Publisher: [s.l.] : Archaeopress Publishing Ltd,

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Khirbet el-Maqatir lies 16 km north of Jerusalem. The Associates for Biblical Research excavated 14 summer seasons and 5 winter seasons between 1995 and 2016. The remains range from Middle Bronze Age to Early Islamic and include a Bronze Age fortress, a Late Hellenistic/Early Roman village, and a Byzantine ecclesiastical complex. Volume 2 focuses on the later time periods.

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