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Central Bank Balance Sheet and Real Business Cycles argues that a deeper comprehension of changes to the central bank balance sheet can lead to more effective policymaking. Any transaction engaged in by the central bank-issuing currency, conducting foreign exchange operations, investing its own funds, intervening to provide emergency liquidity assistance and carrying out monetary policy operations-influences its balance sheet. Despite this, many central banks throughout the world have largely ignored balance sheet movements, and have instead focused on implementing interest rates. In this book, Mustapha Abiodun Akinkunmi highlights the challenges and controversies faced by central banks in the past and present when implementing policies, and analyzes the links between these policies, the central bank balance sheet, and the consequences to economies as a whole. He argues that the composition and evolution of the central bank balance sheet provides a valuable basis for understanding the needs of an economy, and is an important tool in developing strategies that would most effectively achieve policy goals. This book is an important resource for anyone interested in monetary policy or whose work is effected by the actions of the policies of central banks.

Business cycles. --- Balance sheet.

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Accounting --- Financial statements --- Off balance sheet financing --- Standards

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The COVID-19 crisis, which has sent economies in South Asia and around the world into a deep recession, has highlighted South Asia's rising debt levels and sizable hidden liabilities. State-owned enterprises, state-owned commercial banks, and public-private partnerships have been at the center of the rising debt wave and the latest pandemic response. Historically,South Asia has relied on these direct public interventions more than other regions. The interventions have helped governments tackle key development challenges and rapidly deliver relief measures during crises. However, because of their inefficiencies and weak governance, the interventions are also a significant source of public indebtedness and macrofinancial risks. Hidden Debt examines the trade-off between tackling development challenges through direct state presence in the market and avoiding unsustainable debt due to economic inefficiencies of such off-balance sheet operations, which greatly leverage public capital. The study recommends a reform agenda based on the four interrelated principles of purpose, incentives, transparency, and accountability (PITA). The reforms can mitigate the risks that off-balance sheet operations will become the source of the next financial crisis in South Asia.

Financial crises --- Government business enterprises --- Off balance sheet financing. --- Risk --- Prevention. --- Finance. --- Risk.

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Off balance sheet financing --- Accounting. --- United States. --- United States. --- Accounting --- Auditing. --- Rules and practice --- Evaluation.

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Math for Managers is a practical summary of formulas every manager needs. The book is organized into logical chapters, and each formula introduced includes an example and the Excel program needed to make the process of calculation simple. It adds a practical side to the challenge of calculating the sometimes complex formulas of compound interest, rates of return, breakeven after tax liability, balance sheet and income ratios, depreciation, reports and budgets, proration, statistics, and more. Additional appendices are provided to explain incredible math shortcuts. This book will benefit managers and executives at any level within an organization, as well as academic instructors and business students. Michael C. Thomsett is a market expert, author, speaker, and coach. His many books include Stock Market Math, Candlestick Charting, The Mathematics of Options, and A Technical Approach to Trend Analysis.

Economics --- Mathematical analysis. --- Balance sheet. --- Compound interest. --- Depreciation. --- Income statement. --- Rate of return. --- Sinking fund.