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Even as Donald Trump's election has galvanized anti-immigration politics, many local governments have welcomed immigrants, some even going so far as to declare their communities "sanctuary cities" that will limit cooperation with federal immigration authorities. But efforts to assist immigrants are not limited to large, politically liberal cities. Since the 1990s, many small to mid-sized cities and towns across the United States have implemented a range of informal practices that help immigrant populations integrate into their communities. Abigail Fisher Williamson explores why and how local governments across the country are taking steps to accommodate immigrants, sometimes despite serious political opposition. Drawing on case studies of four new immigrant destinations-Lewiston, Maine; Wausau, Wisconsin; Elgin, Illinois; and Yakima, Washington-as well as a national survey of local government officials, she finds that local capacity and immigrant visibility influence whether local governments take action to respond to immigrants. State and federal policies and national political rhetoric shape officials' framing of immigrants, thereby influencing how municipalities respond. Despite the devolution of federal immigration enforcement and the increasingly polarized national debate, local officials face on balance distinct legal and economic incentives to welcome immigrants that the public does not necessarily share. Officials' efforts to promote incorporation can therefore result in backlash unless they carefully attend to both aiding immigrants and increasing public acceptance. Bringing her findings into the present, Williamson takes up the question of whether the current trend toward accommodation will continue given Trump's anti-immigrant rhetoric and changes in federal immigration policy.

Immigrants --- Urban policy --- Municipal government --- Government policy --- United States --- Emigration and immigration --- Government policy. --- backlash. --- immigrant incorporation. --- immigrant. --- immigration. --- integration. --- intergovernmental relations. --- local government. --- municipal. --- new immigrant destination. --- urban politics.

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This book contributes to the literature on conflict and terrorism through a selection of articles that deal with theoretical, methodological and empirical issues related to the topic. The papers study important problems, are original in their approach and innovative in the techniques used. This will be useful for researchers in the fields of game theory, economics and political sciences.

Economic history --- European Union (EU), spatial autoregression and connectivity --- alliance --- strategic free riding --- Nash equilibrium --- terror cycles --- terror paths --- counterterror policy --- conflict dynamics --- asymmetric conflict --- continuous game --- national security --- Blotto game --- imperfect information --- machine learning --- terrorism --- game theory --- hybrid threats --- state competition --- prospect theory --- grand strategy --- retaliation --- counterterror --- coalition --- backlash --- conflict --- contests --- momentum --- European Union (EU), spatial autoregression and connectivity --- alliance --- strategic free riding --- Nash equilibrium --- terror cycles --- terror paths --- counterterror policy --- conflict dynamics --- asymmetric conflict --- continuous game --- national security --- Blotto game --- imperfect information --- machine learning --- terrorism --- game theory --- hybrid threats --- state competition --- prospect theory --- grand strategy --- retaliation --- counterterror --- coalition --- backlash --- conflict --- contests --- momentum

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This is the true story of how, against all odds, a remote Mexican pueblo built its own autonomous cell phone network—without help from telecom companies or the government. Anthropologist Roberto J. González paints a vivid and nuanced picture of life in a Oaxaca mountain village and the collective tribulation, triumph, and tragedy the community experienced in pursuit of getting connected. In doing so, this book captures the challenges and contradictions facing Mexico's indigenous peoples today, as they struggle to wire themselves into the 21st century using mobile technologies, ingenuity, and sheer determination. It also holds a broader lesson about the great paradox of the digital age, by exploring how constant connection through virtual worlds can hinder our ability to communicate with those around us.

Cell phone systems. --- 21st century mexican culture. --- 21st century mexican society. --- anthropology. --- autonomous cell phone network. --- autonomy. --- backlash. --- cell network. --- cell phone network. --- communication. --- community. --- connections. --- digital age. --- getting connected. --- historical context. --- indigenous peoples. --- ingenuity. --- innovation. --- mexican pueblo. --- mexico. --- mobile technologies. --- native peoples. --- networks. --- oaxaca mountain village. --- oaxaca. --- rural latin america. --- sheer determination. --- social anthropology. --- technology. --- tragedy. --- tribulation. --- triumph. --- virtual worlds.

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This study examines the association of unemployment variation with intimate partner violence using representative data from thirty-one developing countries, through 2005 to 2016. It finds that a 1 percent increase in the male unemployment rate is associated with an increase in the incidence of physical violence against women by 0.50 percentage points, or 2.75 percent. This is consistent with financial and psychological stress generated by unemployment. Female unemployment rates have the opposite effect, a 1 percent decrease being associated with an increase in the probability of victimization of 0.52 percentage points, or 2.87 percent. That an improvement in women's employment opportunities is associated with increased violence is consistent with male backlash. The study finds that this pattern of behaviours emerges entirely from countries in which women have more limited access to divorce than men.

Abuse --- Access to Divorce --- Domestic Violence --- Employment --- Employment and Unemployment --- Female Labor Force Participation --- Gender --- Gender and Economics --- Gender and Social Development --- Labor Market --- Labor Markets --- Male Backlash --- Male Unemployment --- Married Working Women --- Psychology --- Social Conflict and Violence --- Social Development --- Social Protections and Labor --- Violence Against Women --- Women's Empowerment

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How homophobic backlash unexpectedly strengthened mobilization for LGBT political rights in post-communist Europe While LGBT activism has increased worldwide, there has been strong backlash against LGBT people in Eastern Europe. Although Russia is the most prominent anti-gay regime in the region, LGBT individuals in other post-communist countries also suffer from discriminatory laws and prejudiced social institutions. Combining an historical overview with interviews and case studies in Poland, Hungary, Romania, Slovakia, and the Czech Republic, Conor O’Dwyer analyzes the development and impact of LGBT movements in post-communist Eastern and Central Europe. O’Dwyer argues that backlash against LGBT individuals has had the paradoxical effect of encouraging stronger and more organized activism, significantly impacting the social movement landscape in the region. As these peripheral Eastern and Central European countries vie for inclusion or at least recognition in the increasingly LGBT-friendly European Union, activist groups and organizations have become even more emboldened to push for change. Using fieldwork in five countries and interviews with activists, organizers, and public officials, O’Dwyer explores the intricacies of these LGBT social movements and their structures, functions, and impact. The book provides a unique and engaging exploration of LGBT rights groups in Eastern and Central Europe and their ability to serve as models for future movements attempting to resist backlash. Thorough, theoretically grounded, and empirically sound, Coming Out of Communism is sure to be a significant work in the study of LGBT politics, European politics, and social movements.

Homosexualite --- Mouvements de liberation des homosexuels --- East European literature. --- Gay liberation movement. --- Homosexuality. --- Sexual minorities --- Homosexuality --- Gay liberation movement --- Same-sex attraction --- Sexual orientation --- Bisexuality --- Gay and lesbian liberation movement --- Gay and lesbian movement --- Gay and lesbian rights movement --- Gay lib --- Gay movement --- Gay rights movement --- Homophile movement --- Homosexual liberation movement --- Homosexual movement --- Homosexual rights movement --- Lesbian liberation movement --- Lesbian rights movement --- Social movements --- Gender minorities --- GLBT people --- GLBTQ people --- Lesbigay people --- LBG people --- LGBT people --- LGBTQ people --- Non-heterosexual people --- Non-heterosexuals --- Sexual dissidents --- Minorities --- Political activity. --- Political activity --- Eastern Europe. --- East Europe --- Eastern Europe --- Czech Republic. --- EU membership. --- European Union. --- Europeanization. --- Hungary. --- LGBT activism. --- LGBT policies. --- LGBT rights. --- Latin America. --- Poland. --- Roma activism. --- Romania. --- Slovakia. --- Western Europe. --- Your Movement party. --- antidiscrimination policy. --- attitudes toward homosexuality. --- backlash. --- civil society. --- conditionality. --- content analysis. --- diffusion. --- electoral mobilization. --- extraparliamentary backlash. --- former Soviet Union. --- frame resonance. --- framing contest. --- framing. --- grassroots participation. --- hard right. --- hard-right backlash. --- leverage. --- multimethod research. --- political parties. --- postcommunism. --- postcommunist Europe. --- process tracing. --- same-sex partnerships. --- sexual citizenship. --- social movement demobilization. --- social movement mobilization. --- social movement organization. --- social movement success. --- social movements. --- transnational diffusion. --- transnational norms. --- women’s movement. --- Mouvement de libération des homosexuels --- Homosexuels, Mouvements de libération des --- Homosexuels --- Et l'homosexualité --- Homophilie --- Inversion sexuelle --- Rapports homosexuels --- Relations homosexuelles --- Droits --- Europe, Eastern --- Amitié masculine --- Bisexualité --- Homosexualité et musique --- Homosexualité et sports --- Homosexualité et théâtre --- National-socialisme et homosexualité --- Pornographie homosexuelle --- Presse homosexuelle --- Transsexualisme --- Critique homosexuelle --- Culture homosexuelle --- Homophobie --- Homosexualité et art --- Homosexualité et cinéma --- Homosexualité et danse --- Homosexualité et éducation --- Homosexualité et littérature --- Homoparentalité --- Homosexualité masculine --- Jeunes homosexuels --- Lesbianisme --- Orientation sexuelle --- Sexualité