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Les nombreux effets néfastes de l’utilisation des pesticides chimiques de synthèse sur l’environnement ont poussé l’agriculture à se tourner vers des moyens de lutte plus respectueux de l’environnement. C’est dans ce contexte que le présent travail tente d’évaluer l’impact de stimulateurs de défense des plantes (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Fukomoto, peaT 1 et Hrip 1) et de sémiochimiques (nepetalactone et salicylate de méthyle) sur la population de pucerons et par la même occasion sur la transmission du virus barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV). Dans un premier temps, des tests de comportement de Sitobion avenae Fabricius, sur Triticum aestivum L. (froment), face à différentes concentrations de nepetalactone (0.1%, 1% et 10%) et à Hrip 1 ont été réalisés. Aucune différence significative n’a été observée. Ensuite, une mesure du taux de transmission du virus BYDV-PAV par S. avenae en fonction de l’élicitation avec Hrip 1 a été effectuée mais aucune différence significative n’a été constatée. Dans un second temps, une étude de l’évolution des pucerons et une mesure du taux de transmission de BYDV-PAV et GAV, dans un champ de froment d’hiver, en fonction de six modalités (nepetalactone, salicylate de méthyle, peaT 1, peaT 1/salicylate de méthyle, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens et contrôle) ont été réalisées. Pour les pucerons observés sur les talles, une différence hautement significative entre la population de pucerons et plus particulièrement S. avenae et le traitement Bacillus a été observée. Lors de la mesure du taux de transmission de BYDV-PAV et GAV, aucune différence n’a été constatée. Malgré cela, aucune souche GAV n’a été retrouvée dans les parcelles avec un éliciteur (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, peaT 1 et peaT 1 / salicylate de méthyle).

froment (Triticum aestivum L.), Sitobion avenae Fabricius, éliciteurs, Hrip 1, nepetalactone, sémiochimiques, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Fukomoto, peaT 1, barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV), salicylate de méthyle --- Sciences du vivant > Entomologie & lutte antiravageur

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Plant viruses cause many of the most important diseases threatening crops worldwide. Over the last quarter of a century, an increasing number of plant viruses have emerged in various parts of the world, especially in the tropics and subtropics. As is generally observed for plant viruses, most of the emerging viruses are transmitted horizontally by biological vectors, mainly insects. Reverse genetics using infectious clones—available for many plant viruses—has been used for identification of viral determinants involved in virus–host and virus–vector interactions. Although many studies have identified a number of factors involved in disease development and transmission, the precise mechanisms are unknown for most of the virus–plant–vector combinations. In most cases, the diverse outcomes resulting from virus–virus interactions are poorly understood. Although significant advances have been made towards understand the mechanisms involved in plant resistance to viruses, we are far from being able to apply this knowledge to protect cultivated plants from the all viral threats.The aim of this Special Issue was to provide a platform for researchers interested in plant virology to share their recent results. To achieve this, we invited the plant virology community to submit research articles, short communications and reviews related to the various aspects of plant virology: ecology, virus–plant host interactions, virus–vector interactions, virus–virus interactions, and control strategies. This issue contains some of the best current research in plant virology.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- whitefly --- begomovirus --- Vta1 --- virus transmission --- coat proteins --- membrane association --- topology --- cilevirus --- movement protein --- p29 capsid protein --- barley yellow dwarf virus --- BYDV --- wheat --- barley --- yield loss --- vectors --- aphids --- persistent virus --- Amalgaviridae --- synergism --- antagonism --- vsiRNAs --- miRNAs --- mixed-infections --- Arabidopsis thaliana --- Cucumber mosaic virus --- genome-wide association studies --- plant-virus interaction --- seed transmission --- virulence --- callose --- coat protein --- plasmodesmata --- triple gene block --- viral suppressor --- virus movement --- virus replication complex --- TYLCD --- TYLCV --- tomato --- Solanum lycopersicum --- disease resistance --- plant breeding --- PAMP-triggered immunity --- effector-triggered immunity --- RNA silencing --- viral suppressors --- NIK1 --- PTI --- ETI --- geminiviruses --- host jumping --- viral evolution --- trade-off --- plant virus --- RNA virus --- potyvirus --- Plum pox virus --- VPg --- eIF4E --- high-throughput sequencing --- bioinformatics --- detection --- discovery --- MinION --- nanopore sequencing --- rolling circle amplification --- viral metagenomics --- CRESS DNA --- capulavirus --- homopolymer --- Begomovirus --- cucumber --- mechanical inoculation --- real-time PCR --- viral load --- QTLs --- resistance --- Geminiviridae --- sweepoviruses --- DNA satellites --- Deltasatellite --- helper virus range --- transreplication --- high-throughput sequencing (HTS) --- virus --- dsRNA --- total RNA --- OLV1 --- LRNV --- ToFBV --- ASGV --- host adaptation --- virus evolution --- whitefly --- begomovirus --- Vta1 --- virus transmission --- coat proteins --- membrane association --- topology --- cilevirus --- movement protein --- p29 capsid protein --- barley yellow dwarf virus --- BYDV --- wheat --- barley --- yield loss --- vectors --- aphids --- persistent virus --- Amalgaviridae --- synergism --- antagonism --- vsiRNAs --- miRNAs --- mixed-infections --- Arabidopsis thaliana --- Cucumber mosaic virus --- genome-wide association studies --- plant-virus interaction --- seed transmission --- virulence --- callose --- coat protein --- plasmodesmata --- triple gene block --- viral suppressor --- virus movement --- virus replication complex --- TYLCD --- TYLCV --- tomato --- Solanum lycopersicum --- disease resistance --- plant breeding --- PAMP-triggered immunity --- effector-triggered immunity --- RNA silencing --- viral suppressors --- NIK1 --- PTI --- ETI --- geminiviruses --- host jumping --- viral evolution --- trade-off --- plant virus --- RNA virus --- potyvirus --- Plum pox virus --- VPg --- eIF4E --- high-throughput sequencing --- bioinformatics --- detection --- discovery --- MinION --- nanopore sequencing --- rolling circle amplification --- viral metagenomics --- CRESS DNA --- capulavirus --- homopolymer --- Begomovirus --- cucumber --- mechanical inoculation --- real-time PCR --- viral load --- QTLs --- resistance --- Geminiviridae --- sweepoviruses --- DNA satellites --- Deltasatellite --- helper virus range --- transreplication --- high-throughput sequencing (HTS) --- virus --- dsRNA --- total RNA --- OLV1 --- LRNV --- ToFBV --- ASGV --- host adaptation --- virus evolution