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Les nouveaux développements de vaccins contre la tuberculose

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Abstract

Approximately two billion people are infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, and an estimated two million deaths due to this disease occur annually.
The BCG vaccin, the attenuated strain of mycobacterium bovis, baccillus Calmette-Guérin is currently the only available vaccine. However, the prophylactic use of BCG has demonstrated varying levels of efficacy in different clinical trials.
The immune response to TB is incompletely understood. A lot of scientist work to ensure progress in the development of improved tuberculosis vaccines. With an improved knowledge of M Tuberculosis pathogenesis and the detailed immune responses that protect against infection and disease, we hope find a vaccine that protects everybody.
There are several vaccines which are currently being tested in phase I, II or III human trials. Different vaccine types are among the vaccine candidates : live, recombinant BCG, adjuvanted subunit, modified vaccinia virus or adenovirus-vectored TB antigens. There are all very promising. But a long way of study and trials remains to be done to see a vaccine arrive on the market Approximativement deux milliards de personnes dans le monde sont infectées par Mycobacterium tuberculosis, l’agent pathogène causant la tuberculose et on estime que deux millions en meurent chaque année.
Le vaccin BCG, une souche atténuée de Mycobacterium bovis, le bacille de Calmette et Guérin, est actuellement le seul vaccin disponible. Cependant, l’usage prophylactique du BCG a démontré une efficacité variable lors d’études cliniques.
La compréhension de la réponse immunitaire à M. Tuberculosis est incomplète. De nombreux scientifiques travaillent pour assurer les progrès de développement de vaccins contre la tuberculose. Avec une amélioration des connaissances sur la pathogénie de M Tuberculosis et sur la réponse immunitaire qui protège contre l’infection et la maladie, on espère trouver un vaccin nous protégeant tous.
Plusieurs vaccins sont actuellement entrés dans les phases cliniques I, II ou III. Différents types de vaccins sont parmi ces derniers : vivant, BCG recombinant, vaccin à sous unités, vaccin avec comme vecteur, le virus vaccinia modifié ou un adénovirus modifié. Ils sont tous très prometteurs mais un long chemin d’étude et d’essais reste encore à parcourir avant de pouvoir voir un de ces vaccins arriver sur le marché


Book
BCG in cancer immunotherapy : proceedings of the international Symposium held in Ville d'Esterel, Quebec, April 23-26, 1976
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Year: 1976 Publisher: New York (N.Y.): Grune and Stratton

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Keywords

BCG Vaccine --- Neoplasms --- Neoplasms --- immunology --- therapy


Dissertation
Aspects of temporary specific anergy to tuberculin in Vietnamese refugees
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Year: 1992 Publisher: S.l. s.n.

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Book
B.C.G. vaccination in theory and practice
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Year: 1949 Publisher: Springfield, Ill. : Thomas,

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Book
Recherches sur le B.C.G. : techniques d'étude et problèmes de standardisation
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Year: 1966 Publisher: Paris, : Centre International de l'enfance, Flammarion,

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Book
BCG vaccines and tuberculins
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ISBN: 9630543486 Year: 1986 Publisher: Budapest Akademiai Kiado

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Book
B.C.G. manuel pratique de vaccination
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Year: 1966 Publisher: Paris : Flammarion,

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Book
International symposium on BCG vaccines and tuberculins
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ISBN: 9630543478 Year: 1986 Publisher: Budapest Akademiai Kiado

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BCG vaccine : tuberculosis-cancer
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ISBN: 0884162133 Year: 1980 Publisher: Littleton PSG publications company

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Dissertation
BCG immunotherapy in bovine ocular squamous cell carcinoma and equine sarcoid
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Year: 1986 Publisher: [S.l. : s.n.],

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