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This Research Topic honors the memory of Prof. Antonius “Ton” G. Rolink (April 19, 1953–August 06, 2017), our colleague, mentor and friend in immunology. It is now over a year since Ton left us. This article collection, authored by many of Ton’s friends and colleagues, reflects the huge contribution to cellular and molecular immunology that work emanating directly from Ton’s own hands and laboratory have made to the understanding of lymphocyte development. Ton’s hard work, expertise, generosity, passion for science and infectious humor were legendary and for all of those lucky enough to have been his colleague, he ensured that science was fun. We take this opportunity of thanking all contributors for submitting their manuscripts; we are sure that Ton would have enjoyed reading and making his own insightful comments on them. In the form of original research and review articles, these papers cover many of Ton’s scientific interests in different aspects of lymphocyte development in mouse and man. In the first section, Development of hematopoietic cells and lymphocytes, Klein et al. describe the accumulation of multipotent hematopoietic progenitors in peripheral lymphoid organs of IL-7xFlt3L double transgenic mice and Pang et al. the role of the transcription factor PU.1 on the development of Common Lymphoid Progenitors. In Early B cell development, Winkler and Mårtensson review the role of the Pre-B cell receptor in B cell development and papers by Hobeika et al. and Brennecke et al. describe models of inducible B cell development. For B cell selection, survival and tolerance, Smulski and Eibel review the role of BAFF and Kowalczyk-Quintans et al. analyse the role of membrane-bound BAFF. The impact of BIM on B cell homeostasis is discussed by Liu et al. The role of the MEK-ERK pathway in B cell tolerance is discussed by Greaves et al. and the transcriptional regulation of germinal center development is reviewed by Song and Matthias. For Hematological diseases, Ghia reviews how studies of B cell development help the understanding of Leukemia development, Kim and Schaniel review how iPS technology helps the understanding of hematological diseases and Hellmann et al. describe development of new therapeutic antibody drug conjugates. Finally, in T cell development, homeostasis and graft vs. host disease, Heiler et al. describe the therapeutic effects of IL-2/anti-IL-2 immune complexes in GvHD, Calvo-Asensio et al. describe the DNA damage response of thymocyte progenitors and Mori and Pieters review the role of Coronin 1 in T cell survival.

T cell development --- B cell selection and survival --- BAFF --- Cytokines --- IPSC --- Leukemia --- T cell survival --- Transcription Factors --- B cell development --- Hematopoietic Stem Cells

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This Research Topic honors the memory of Prof. Antonius “Ton” G. Rolink (April 19, 1953–August 06, 2017), our colleague, mentor and friend in immunology. It is now over a year since Ton left us. This article collection, authored by many of Ton’s friends and colleagues, reflects the huge contribution to cellular and molecular immunology that work emanating directly from Ton’s own hands and laboratory have made to the understanding of lymphocyte development. Ton’s hard work, expertise, generosity, passion for science and infectious humor were legendary and for all of those lucky enough to have been his colleague, he ensured that science was fun. We take this opportunity of thanking all contributors for submitting their manuscripts; we are sure that Ton would have enjoyed reading and making his own insightful comments on them. In the form of original research and review articles, these papers cover many of Ton’s scientific interests in different aspects of lymphocyte development in mouse and man. In the first section, Development of hematopoietic cells and lymphocytes, Klein et al. describe the accumulation of multipotent hematopoietic progenitors in peripheral lymphoid organs of IL-7xFlt3L double transgenic mice and Pang et al. the role of the transcription factor PU.1 on the development of Common Lymphoid Progenitors. In Early B cell development, Winkler and Mårtensson review the role of the Pre-B cell receptor in B cell development and papers by Hobeika et al. and Brennecke et al. describe models of inducible B cell development. For B cell selection, survival and tolerance, Smulski and Eibel review the role of BAFF and Kowalczyk-Quintans et al. analyse the role of membrane-bound BAFF. The impact of BIM on B cell homeostasis is discussed by Liu et al. The role of the MEK-ERK pathway in B cell tolerance is discussed by Greaves et al. and the transcriptional regulation of germinal center development is reviewed by Song and Matthias. For Hematological diseases, Ghia reviews how studies of B cell development help the understanding of Leukemia development, Kim and Schaniel review how iPS technology helps the understanding of hematological diseases and Hellmann et al. describe development of new therapeutic antibody drug conjugates. Finally, in T cell development, homeostasis and graft vs. host disease, Heiler et al. describe the therapeutic effects of IL-2/anti-IL-2 immune complexes in GvHD, Calvo-Asensio et al. describe the DNA damage response of thymocyte progenitors and Mori and Pieters review the role of Coronin 1 in T cell survival.

T cell development --- B cell selection and survival --- BAFF --- Cytokines --- IPSC --- Leukemia --- T cell survival --- Transcription Factors --- B cell development --- Hematopoietic Stem Cells

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Multiple dysfunctions take place in the B cell compartment during HIV-1 infection, comprising depletion of resting memory B cells carrying serological memory to vaccines and previously met pathogens. In addition, population of B cells characterized by the expression of exhaustion markers are enlarged during HIV-1 infection. Antibodies with the capacity to neutralize a broad range of HIV-1 isolates can be detected only in a minority of infected patients, after a year or more from acute infection. An open question is whether the inability of producing neutralizing HIV-1 antibodies is somehow linked to the B cell immunopathology observed in patients. In this research topic we invited scientists to summarize the current state of knowledge on regulation and development of B cells and antibody responses during HIV-1 infection; fifteen contributions were received comprising both reviews and original articles. The articles are related to B cell dysfunctions identified in HIV-1 infected individuals, production of different types of antibodies (neutralizing versus non neutralizing, and of different isotypes) in vivo during HIV-1 infection and the biological factors which may impact on this process, clinical potential and applications of anti-HIV antibodies and how to achieve neutralizing antibody responses to HIV-1 epitopes upon vaccination. The topic has gathered articles on front-line research undertaken in the field of B cells and antibodies in HIV-1 infection. It is our hope that the collection of articles presented in this book may be useful for new and experienced scholars in the field and add a piece to the complex puzzle of knowledge needed for the development of an HIV-1 vaccine.

auto-antibodies to CCR5 --- BAFF --- Gene Expression --- clinical potential of HIV-1 antibodies --- mucosal IgA responses --- FcRL4 --- neutralizing and non neutralizing HIV-1 antibodies --- HIV-1 vaccine targets --- B cells --- CXCL13 --- maternal HIV antibodies

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Acute kidney injury (AKI) is still associated with high morbidity and mortality incidence rates, and also bears an elevated risk of chronic kidney disease in the sequel. Whereas the kidney has a remarkable capacity for regeneration after injury and may recover completely depending on the type of renal lesions, the options for clinical intervention are restricted to fluid management and extracorporeal kidney support. The development of novel therapies to prevent AKI, to improve renal regeneration capacity after AKI, and to preserve renal function—in both the short- and long-term—is urgently needed. This Special Issue includes papers investigating the pathological mechanisms of renal inflammation and AKI and diagnostics using new biomarkers. Furthermore, experimental in vitro and in vivo studies examining potential new approaches to attenuate kidney dysfunction are included, as well as review articles.

Medicine --- inflammation --- chronic kidney disease --- anemia --- anemia of inflammation --- ESA hyporesponsiveness --- renal tubular epithelial cells --- macrophages --- lipocalin-2 --- iron --- cilastatin --- hypoxia inducible factor-1-α --- ischemia-reperfusion injury --- acute kidney injury --- cyclophilin A --- fibrosis --- renal fibrosis --- tubular necrosis --- preeclampsia --- podocytes --- VEGF --- FSGS --- proteinuria --- endocan --- ESM-1 --- renal replacement therapy --- kidney transplantation --- biomarker --- diabetic nephropathy --- focal segmental glomerulosclerosis --- innate immunity --- membranous nephropathy --- minimal change diseases --- TLR --- NOX1 --- ML171 --- reactive oxygen species --- ERK --- T cells --- glomerulonephritis --- chemokines --- renal disease --- DJ-1 --- ND-13 --- renal inflammation --- oxidative stress --- UUO --- autophagy --- apoptosis --- trehalose --- simvastatin --- endotoxin --- tubular apoptosis --- cytochrome C --- Bcl-XL --- survivin --- hypercholesterolemia --- xanthine oxidase --- NF-κB pathway --- tertiary lymphoid organs --- B cells --- BAFF --- kidney fibrosis --- myofibroblast activation --- extracellular matrix --- Hippo pathway --- verteporfin --- IgAN --- CKD --- progression --- ACEI --- corticosteroids --- costimulation --- coinhibition --- kidney transplant --- SPR --- protein binding affinity --- adaptive immunity --- epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition --- E. cava extracts --- dieckol --- spontaneously hypertensive rats --- angiotensin II --- n/a