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This volume reviews the evidence regarding the effects of social insurance and social assistance programmes on labour market outcomes and discusses options to improve their design and implementation. The book focuses particularly on middle income countries in Latin America and Asia with a large informal sector.

Social security. --- Insurance, Social --- Insurance, State and compulsory --- Social insurance --- Insurance --- Income maintenance programs --- Labor supply --- Development economics --- Labor policy --- Labor --- State and labor --- Economic policy --- Economics --- Economic development --- Effect of income maintenance programs on --- Government policy --- E-books --- Seguretat social --- Mercat de treball --- Borsa de treball --- Demanda de mà d'obra --- Demanda de treball --- Mercat laboral --- Oferta de mà d'obra --- Oferta de treball --- Oferta laboral --- Població activa --- Treball --- Absentisme laboral --- Atur --- Aturats --- Creació d'ocupació --- Empreses de treball temporal --- Oficines de col·locació --- Previsió de l'ocupació --- Recol·locació laboral --- Mobilitat laboral --- Oferta i demanda --- Orientació professional --- Política laboral --- Recursos humans --- Assegurances obreres --- Assegurances socials --- Estat i assegurances --- Dret social --- Pensions --- Seguretat econòmica --- Assegurances de malaltia --- Indemnitzacions als treballadors --- Subsidi d'atur --- Subsidi de maternitat --- Benestar social --- Pensions no contributives --- Plans de pensions --- Distribució de la renda --- Renda mínima

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This book reveals how economic restrictions and limited healthcare resources, combined with growing care demands due to advanced technology and more care options, have to a great extent contributed to increased workloads for healthcare professionals and put them under pressure to prioritize their work. This has led to the rationing of care, i.e., to decision-making processes on the allocation of scarce resources, especially human resources, and on which care activities take priority over others; in turn, these processes have led to unfinished or missed care, which has serious implications for quality of care and patient safety. Concerns related to nursing shortages and lean staffing practices have increased the awareness of the problem, as patient outcomes are affected by the quality and quantity of care that they receive and led to intensified scientific inquiry into this phenomenon. This book is written by the members of the Rancare Cost Action group, whose aim is to facilitate discussion about rationing of nursing care based on a cross-national comparative approach with implications for practice and professional development. Four working groups investigated four areas for four years: a) the conceptualization of care rationing and methodological inquiries concerning the investigation of the phenomenon, b) exploration of possible solutions and intervention studies, c) the ethical perspective of care rationing and missed care including patients’ rights and possible discrimination, and d) the educational implications, based on an exploration of the level of patient safety training and care rationing, as well as preparing guidelines for managers. The book will be a valuable resource for nurses, allied healthcare professionals, managers, policymakers, researchers, ethical committees, and educators whose goal is to provide better and safer care.

Nursing. --- Health care management. --- Health services administration. --- Nursing ethics. --- Health Care Management. --- Nursing Ethics. --- Nurses --- Nursing --- Professional ethics --- Medical ethics --- Health administration --- Health care administration --- Health care management --- Health sciences administration --- Health services management --- Medical care --- Health planning --- Public health administration --- Clinical nursing --- Nurses and nursing --- Nursing process --- Care of the sick --- Medicine --- Moral and ethical aspects --- Administration --- Management --- Health care rationing. --- Supply and demand. --- Health resources rationing --- Medical care rationing --- Rationing of health care --- Rationing of medical care --- Medical economics --- Medical policy --- Rationing --- Assistència sanitària --- Infermeres --- Mercat de treball --- Gestió hospitalària --- Administració dels hospitals --- Administració hospitalària --- Administració sanitària --- Direcció d'empreses --- Ingressos i altes en els hospitals --- Borsa de treball --- Demanda de mà d'obra --- Demanda de treball --- Mercat laboral --- Oferta de mà d'obra --- Oferta de treball --- Oferta laboral --- Població activa --- Treball --- Absentisme laboral --- Atur --- Aturats --- Creació d'ocupació --- Empreses de treball temporal --- Oficines de col·locació --- Previsió de l'ocupació --- Recol·locació laboral --- Mobilitat laboral --- Oferta i demanda --- Orientació professional --- Política laboral --- Recursos humans --- A.T.S. --- Professionals d'infermeria --- Personal sanitari --- Infermers --- Assistència mèdica --- Assistència medicosocial --- Atenció mèdica --- Servei mèdic --- Tractament mèdic --- Salut pública --- Assistència ambulatòria --- Assistència psiquiàtrica --- Assistència hospitalària --- Atenció domiciliària --- Atenció primària --- Medicina personalitzada --- Serveis d'infermeria --- Serveis d'urgències mèdiques --- Serveis farmacèutics --- Assegurances de malaltia --- Assistència sanitària privada --- Serveis sanitaris

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This book includes empirical contributions focusing on disadvantaged workers. According to the European Commission’s definition, disadvantaged workers include categories of workers with difficulties entering the labour market without assistance and, hence, requiring the application of public measures aimed at improving their employment opportunities. In addition to the labour market perspective, this is also relevant in terms of social cohesion, which is one of the central objectives of the European Union and of its Member States. This work deals with the most relevant groups of disadvantaged workers, namely disabled workers, young workers, women living in depressed areas, migrants in the labour market and the long-term unemployed, and analyses the situation in the Italian, Spanish and some African labour markets. The determinants of disadvantage in the labour market are investigated, highlighting both the role of supply variables, including structural factors, and the weakness on the demand side, the role of the economic crisis, and the ineffectiveness of some labour policies. A complex framework emerges in which disadvantaged groups may share common problems, both in terms of integration into the labour market and in terms of working conditions, but often require group-specific policies, taking into account their intergroup heterogeneity.

Economic policy. --- Social policy. --- Labor economics. --- Economics. --- Labor Economics. --- Economic Policy. --- Social Policy. --- Economics --- National planning --- State planning --- Economic policy --- Family policy --- Social history --- Economic nationalism --- Economic planning --- Planning --- National security --- Social policy --- People with disabilities --- Youth --- Women --- Employment. --- Employment of women --- Equal pay for equal work --- Sex discrimination in employment --- Working women in motion pictures --- Unemployed youth --- Supported employment --- Occupations --- Mercat de treball --- Política laboral --- Persones amb discapacitat --- Joves --- Dones --- Migrants --- Aturats --- Atur --- Treballadors migratoris --- Dret al treball --- Grups d'edat --- Adolescents --- Joves internautes --- Treball social amb els joves --- Serveis socials per als joves --- Emigrants --- Immigrants --- Població d'origen estrangera --- Població estrangera --- Estrangers --- Dones immigrants --- Famílies immigrants --- Fills d'immigrants --- Infants immigrants --- Migrants adolescents --- Migrants en situació irregular --- Migració (Població) --- Serveis socials per als immigrants --- Treball social amb els immigrants --- Dona --- Dones joves --- Home --- Araboamericanes --- Àvies --- Discapacitades --- Dones aborígens --- Dones ameríndies --- Dones artistes --- Dones casades --- Dones de mitjana edat --- Dones en la publicitat --- Dones en la religió --- Dones grans --- Dones maltractades --- Dones maltractadores --- Dones sindicalistes --- Dones soles --- Dones solteres --- Embarassades --- Feminisme --- Filles --- Filòsofes --- Fotografia de dones --- Germans (Antropologia) --- Jueves --- Heroïnes --- Mares --- Matriarcat --- Mestresses de casa --- Mullers --- Musulmanes --- Pageses --- Prostitutes --- Reines --- Treball de les dones --- Educació de la dona --- Misogínia --- Qüestió de la dona --- Serveis socials per a les dones --- Sida en les dones --- Treball social amb les dones --- Deficients --- Deficients físics --- Discapacitats --- Discapacitats físics --- Disminuïts --- Disminuïts físics --- Minusvàlids --- Persones amb deficiències --- Persones amb discapacitats --- Persones amb diversitat funcional --- Persones amb minusvalidesa --- Persones discapacitades --- Persones excepcionals --- Accessibilitat web --- Alumnes amb discapacitat --- Amputats --- Artistes amb discapacitat --- Esportistes amb discapacitat --- Infants amb discapacitat --- Joves amb discapacitat --- Laringectomitzats --- Malalts --- Ostomitzats --- Paralítics --- Persones amb discapacitat mental --- Persones amb discapacitat visual --- Persones grans amb discapacitat --- Persones amb pluridiscapacitat --- Serveis bibliotecaris per a persones amb discapacitat --- Serveis socials per a les persones amb discapacitat --- Sords --- Tecnologia de suport per a persones amb discapacitat --- Treball social amb les persones amb discapacitat --- Accidents --- Discapacitat física --- Invàlids --- Persones dependents --- Sociologia de la discapacitat --- Política del treball --- Política econòmica --- Política d'ocupació --- Política de plena ocupació --- Borsa de treball --- Demanda de mà d'obra --- Demanda de treball --- Mercat laboral --- Oferta de mà d'obra --- Oferta de treball --- Oferta laboral --- Població activa --- Treball --- Absentisme laboral --- Creació d'ocupació --- Empreses de treball temporal --- Oficines de col·locació --- Previsió de l'ocupació --- Recol·locació laboral --- Mobilitat laboral --- Oferta i demanda --- Orientació professional --- Recursos humans --- Dones indígenes