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Spraying --- Atomization
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Atomization --- Spraying
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Atomization --- Spraying
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The study of droplets and sprays has developed rapidly over the past two decades because of their many important applications, from automobile engine combustion to drug aerosols. This book addresses the complex subject of the interactions of droplets and sprays. Along with a strong theoretical foundation, the book presents results in a way that will be useful for engineering practice, with summaries of key formulae and examples of various spray computations. Among topics covered are transient heating (or cooling) and vaporization (or condensation), multicomponent liquid droplet vaporization, near critical and supercritical ambient conditions, interaction of droplets with turbulent or vortical structures, distortion of the spherical shape and secondary atomization of the droplets, and computational issues. As an authoritative review of the science and technology of droplets and sprays, this book will be useful for graduate students, researchers, and practising engineers.
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This book serves as both a graduate text and a reference for engineers and scientists exploring the theoretical and computational aspects of the fluid dynamics and transport of sprays and droplets. Attention is given to the behavior of individual droplets, including the effects of forced convection due to relative droplet-gas motion, Stefan convection due to the vaporization or condensation of the liquid, multicomponent liquids (and slurries), and internal circulation of the liquid. This second edition contains more information on droplet-droplet interactions, the use of the mass-flux potential, conserved scalar variables, spatial averaging and the formulation of the multi-continua equations, the confluence of spatial averaging for sprays and filtering for turbulence, direct numerical simulations and large-eddy simulations for turbulent sprays, and high-pressure vaporization processes. Two new chapters introduce liquid-film vaporization as an alternative to sprays for miniature applications and a review of liquid-stream distortion and break-up theory.
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Atomization. --- Combustion. --- Liquid fuels.
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Spraying. --- Atomization --- Coating processes
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Atomization. --- Nozzles. --- Injectors.
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