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Grammar --- South American Indian languages --- Mapuche language --- Araucanian language --- Araucano language --- Araukan language --- Aucan language --- Aucanian language --- Maluche language --- Mapudungu language --- Mapudungun language --- Vilimuche language --- Penutian languages --- Morphosyntax --- Phonology
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Anthropological histories and historical geographies of colonialism both have examined the material and discursive processes of colonization and have identified the opportunities for different kinds of relationships to emerge between Europeans and the indigenous people they encountered and in different ways colonized. These studies have revealed complex, differentiated, colonializing and colonialized identities, shifting and ambiguous political relations, social pluralities, and mutating and distinctive modes of colonization. This book focuses on the complementary historical, linguistic, and archaeological evidence for indigenous resistance and resilience in the specific form of parlamento political negotiations or attempted treaties between the Spanish Crown and the Araucanians in south-central Chile from the late 1600s to the early 1800s. Armed conflict, the rejection of most Spanish material culture, and the use of the indigenous Mapundungun language at parlamentos were obvious forms of Araucanian resistance. From a bigger picture, the book is based on an interdisciplinary perspective and asserts that historical archeology can provide better interpretations of past societies only if combined with other disciplines experienced by the treatment of existing data for historical periods, such as those provided by the written documents and which can be subjected to an anthropological, ethnohistorical, and linguistic reading by these disciplines. This creates tension because complementarity but also requires a questioning of the methods themselves as an offset look in order to include the other disciplinary perspectives.
Mapuche Indians --- Mapuche language. --- Government relations. --- Spain --- Colonies --- Administration. --- Araucanian language --- Araucano language --- Araukan language --- Aucan language --- Aucanian language --- Maluche language --- Mapudungu language --- Mapudungun language --- Vilimuche language --- Penutian languages --- Imperialism. --- Archaeology. --- Imperialism and Colonialism. --- Archeology --- Anthropology --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- History --- Antiquities --- Colonialism --- Empires --- Expansion (United States politics) --- Neocolonialism --- Political science --- Anti-imperialist movements --- Caesarism --- Chauvinism and jingoism --- Militarism
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Juan Ignacio Molina (1740-1829) was a Jesuit priest born in Chile but forced to flee to Europe after his religious order was expelled from the Spanish Empire in 1767. He settled in Bologna, Italy, and began to write a natural history of his homeland, which was first published in Italian in 1782 (he is also known as Giovanni Ignazio Molina). He completed a second volume on the history of the people of Chile in 1786, and a version of the book was in the library of HMS Beagle. This two-volume English translation was published in 1809, and also includes notes from other explorers, including a 1791 account of Chile by Pedro Gonzalez de Agueros (1768-93) and a 1774 description of Patagonia by Thomas Falkner (1707-84). Volume 2 covers the 'civil history' of Chile, discussing the indigenous people living there and the arrival of Spanish settlers.
Mapuche language. --- Mapuche Indians. --- Chile --- History --- Araucanian Indians --- Araucano Indians --- Araukan Indians --- Auca Indians (Chile) --- Aucan Indians --- Aucanian Indians --- Maluche Indians --- Mapudungu Indians --- Mapunche Indians --- Vilimuluche Indians --- Indians of South America --- Araucanian language --- Araucano language --- Araukan language --- Aucan language --- Aucanian language --- Maluche language --- Mapudungu language --- Mapudungun language --- Vilimuche language --- Penutian languages
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North and Central American indian languages --- Grammar --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Mapuche language --- Tarascan language --- Uto-Aztecan languages --- Transitivity. --- Voice. --- Grammar, Comparative. --- Indians of Mexico --- Indians of North America --- Michoacán language --- Michoacana language --- Michuacana language --- Phurhembe language --- P'urhepecha language --- Purepecha language --- Tarasco language --- Araucanian language --- Araucano language --- Araukan language --- Aucan language --- Aucanian language --- Maluche language --- Mapudungu language --- Mapudungun language --- Vilimuche language --- Penutian languages --- Voice (Grammar) --- Transitivity (Grammar) --- Transitivity --- Voice --- Grammar, Comparative --- Languages --- Verb --- Verb phrase --- Linguistics --- Philology
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