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En 2011, d'impressionnants soulèvements populaires contre les dictatures ont bouleversé le monde arabe. À la joie et à l'espoir ont souvent répondu la terreur et la violence des régimes autocratiques. Une décennie après ces " printemps arabes ", quel regard peut-on porter sur eux comme sur ces répressions ? C'est une réponse originale à cette question qu'Hamit Bozarslan apporte dans ce livre, où il mobilise de façon très accessible les résultats de longues années d'enquêtes sur les sociétés de la région.Il rend compte d'abord des origines des dynamiques émancipatrices surgies en 2011. Mais aussi de la radicalisation des processus destructeurs en œuvre au Moyen-Orient depuis des décennies, de la transhumance djihadiste aux luttes hégémoniques des grands acteurs régionaux (Arabie saoudite, Iran et Turquie). Et il montre que si la passion de l'égalité, de la liberté et de la dignité s'est exprimée avec force dès 2011, avant d'être renouvelée en Algérie, au Soudan, en Irak et au Liban, les risques d'une restauration autoritaire, ainsi que d'une transformation de certains États arabes en forces miliciennes, ont très tôt été présents. Ainsi, en Syrie, mais aussi en Libye et au Yémen, le Léviathan autoritaire a cédé la place à Béhémoth, dont l'ultime dessein est de détruire la société. Dans cette dynamique du pire, l'aveuglement et le cynisme des démocraties occidentales n'a pu que favoriser l'émergence des " monstres " dans le monde arabe.
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Après des années de pouvoir, les régimes totalitaires de Tunisie, d'Egypte et de Libye ont capitulé devant une pression populaire. Cet essai interroge le devenir de ce printemps arabe et montre la nécessité de construire un projet politique de transition capable de satisfaire le désir de rupture des populations tout en convainquant celles-ci que les réformes doivent s'installer dans la durée.
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Authoritarianism --- Autoritarisme --- Arab countries --- Middle East --- Etats arabes --- Moyen-Orient --- Politics and government --- Politique et gouvernement --- Authoritarianism - Arab countries --- Authoritarianism - Middle East --- Arab countries - Politics and government - 21st century --- Middle East - Politics and government - 21st century
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"Leading scholars of Arab media come together to offer unparalleled insight into the communication environment that preceded the political and societal ruptures that shook the Arab world 2010-2011. Examining the role of competing publics, the state's ability to construct meaning, and social and political change in the region, they unsettle oversimplifications of much of the existing literature and examine numerous precipitating conditions, including, political stagnation, civil engagement, new media, rural and urban divides, Islamist blogospheres, video games, Turkish and Syrian dramas, mediated diplomacy, and diaspora"--
Mass media --- Social change --- Political aspects --- Social aspects --- Arab countries --- Politics and government --- Mass media - Political aspects - Arab countries --- Mass media - Social aspects - Arab countries --- Social change - Arab countries --- Arab countries - Politics and government - 21st century
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"From the founding of Islam in the seventh century, there had always been a dominant Muslim empire, or "caliphate." But in 1924, the Ottoman Caliphate was formally abolished. Since then, there has been an ongoing struggle to establish a legitimate political order in the Middle East. At the center of that struggle is the vexing problem of religion and its role in political life. In Islamic Exceptionalism, Brookings Institution scholar and acclaimed author Shadi Hamid offers a novel and provocative argument on how Islam is, in fact, "exceptional" in how it relates to politics, with profound implications for how we understand the future of the Middle East. With unprecedented access to Islamist activists and leaders across the region, Hamid argues for a new understanding of how Islam and Islamism shape politics - and how the practice of politics shapes Islam. Despite the hopes of the Arab Spring, ideological and religious polarization has actually worsened. Divides among citizens aren't just about power but are products of fundamental disagreements over the very nature and purpose of the modern nation state. Drawing on hundreds of hours of interviews across the region, Hamid examines different models of reckoning with the problem of religion and state, including the terrifying - and alarmingly successful - example of ISIS. Offering a panoramic and ambitious interpretation of the region's descent into violence, Islamic Exceptionalism is a vital contribution to our understanding of Islam's past and present, and its outsized, exceptional role in modern politics. We don't have to like it; but we have to understand it, because it will continue to be a force that shapes not just the region, but the West as well, in the coming decades"--
Islam and politics --- Middle East --- Arab countries --- Politics and government --- Middle East - Politics and government - 20th century --- Middle East - Politics and government - 21st century --- Arab countries - Politics and government - 20th century --- Arab countries - Politics and government - 21st century
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"Just a few short years ago, the "Turkish Model" was being hailed across the world. The New York Times gushed that prime minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan and his Justice and Development Party (AKP) had "effectively integrated Islam, democracy, and vibrant economics," making Turkey, according to the International Crisis Group, "the envy of the Arab world." And yet, a more recent CNN headline wondered if Erdogan had become a "dictator." In this incisive analysis, Cihan Tuğal argues that the problem with this model of Islamic liberalism is much broader and deeper than Erdogan's increasing authoritarianism. The problems are inherent in the very model of Islamic liberalism that formed the basis of the AKP's ascendancy and rule since 2002--an intended marriage of neoliberalism and democracy. And this model can also only be understood as a response to regional politics--especially as a response to the "Iranian Model"--A marriage of corporatism and Islamic revolution. The Turkish model was a failure in its home country, and the dynamics of the Arab world made it a tough commodity to export. Tugal's masterful explication of the demise of Islamic liberalism brings in Egypt and Tunisia, once seen as the most likely followers of the Turkish model, and provides a path-breaking examination of their regimes and Islamist movements, as well as paradigm-shifting accounts of Turkey and Iran"--
Liberalism --- Arab Spring, 2010 --- -Religious aspects --- Islam --- Turkey --- Arab countries --- Politics and government --- Political systems --- Community organization --- Liberalism - Religious aspects - Islam --- -Turkey - Politics and government - 21st century --- Arab countries - Politics and government - 21st century --- -Turkey
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"En 2011, les Printemps arabes ont fait l'actualité mondiale. Depuis, des recompositions politiques et des évolutions sociales d'importance sont en cours dans cette vaste région qui s'étend du Maroc à l'Irak. Les auteur·e·s analysent ces dynamiques récentes, en intégrant les acquis des recherches existantes et en s'appuyant sur la sociologie et l'économie politiques. Ce manuel offre ainsi, de manière inédite, une grille d'analyse comparée, organisée autour des grandes modalités d'exercice du politique : assujettir, contester, participer, développer et gouverner. Cette approche invite à une compréhension sereine de pays placés quotidiennement sous le feu des projecteurs, mais qui restent souvent méconnus et caricaturés. Par son caractère global, elle montre que ces pays ne sont pas des exceptions. Par les descriptions précises et les nombreuses illustrations qu'elle fournit, elle en souligne cependant certaines spécificités et permet d'acquérir de solides connaissances à leur sujet."--Page 4 de la couverture.
Printemps arabe (2010-....) --- Arab Spring, 2010 --- -Revolutions --- Protest movements --- History --- Arab countries --- Politics and government --- -Revolutions - Arab countries - History - 21st century --- Protest movements - Arab countries - History - 21st century --- Arab countries - Politics and government - 21st century
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Why did Tunisian protests following the self-immolation of Mohammed Bouazizi lead to a massive wave of uprisings across the entire Arab world? Who participated in those protests, and what did they hope to achieve? Why did some leaders fall in the face of popular mobilization while others found ways to survive? And what have been the lasting results of the contentious politics of 2011 and 2012? The Arab uprisings pose stark challenges to the political science of the Middle East, which for decades had focused upon the resilience of entrenched authoritarianism, the relative weakness of civil.
Social change --- Community organization --- anno 2010-2019 --- Middle East --- Arab Spring, 2010 --- -Revolutions --- Democratization --- Printemps arabe, 2010 --- -Révolutions --- Démocratisation --- History --- Histoire --- Arab countries --- Etats arabes --- Politics and government --- Politique et gouvernement --- -Révolutions --- Démocratisation --- -Revolutions - Arab countries - History - 21st century --- Democratization - Arab countries - History - 21st century --- Arab countries - Politics and government - 21st century
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Arab Spring, 2010 --- -Protest movements --- Social movements --- Revolutions --- Democratization --- Printemps arabe, 2010 --- -Contestation --- Mouvements sociaux --- Révolutions --- Démocratisation --- Etats arabes --- Arab countries --- Politics and government --- Politique et gouvernement --- Printemps arabe (2010-....) --- Pays arabes --- Révolutions --- Démocratisation --- Social movements - Arab countries --- -Protest movements - Arab countries --- Revolutions - Arab countries --- Democratization - Arab countries --- Arab countries - Politics and government - 21st century
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Le groupe État islamique, inconnu il y a encore quelques mois, a fait une entrée fracassante et sanguinaire dans l’actualité internationale. Profitant des crises en chaîne qui secouent l’Irak et la Syrie, « Daech » a pris le contrôle d’une vaste région et dispose aujourd’hui de gigantesques ressources financières. Sa volonté de construire un État le distingue nettement d’Al-Qaïda. Rompant avec nombre de commentaires à chaud, l’historien Pierre-Jean Luizard, grand spécialiste de la région, essaie de comprendre les succès de l’État islamique, dans le contexte de déliquescence des États de la région, notamment l’Irak et la Syrie. Il met au jour des logiques moins visibles, locales autant que mondiales, sociales autant que religieuses, dont les racines remontent au début du siècle dernier, à l’époque où l’Europe dessinait les frontières actuelles du Moyen-Orient. Dans cet essai qui fait dialoguer l’actualité immédiate et la grande Histoire, l’auteur explique pourquoi nous sommes aujourd’hui tombés dans le « piège Daech »
IS (Organization) --- Middle East --- Moyen-Orient --- History --- Politics and government --- Histoire --- Politique et gouvernement --- World politics --- Terrorism --- Islamic fundamentalism --- Religious aspects --- Islam --- Arab countries --- History, Military --- Islamisme --- État islamique --- IslamismeÉtat islamiqueMoyen-OrientPolitique et gouvernement --- World politics - 21st century --- Terrorism - Religious aspects - Islam --- Islamic fundamentalism - Arab countries --- Arab countries - History, Military - 21st century --- Arab countries - Politics and government - 21st century
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